茯苓三两 芍药三两 生姜三两(切) 白术二两 附子一枚(炮,去皮,破八片)
上五味,以水八升,煮取三升,去滓〔法〕,温服七合〔法〕,日三服〔法〕,后加减。
术、苓、芍、姜,脾胃药也。太阳少阴,水脏也。用崇土法镇摄两经水邪,从气化而出,
故
名真武。茯苓淡以胜白术之苦,则苦从淡化,便能入肾胜湿;生姜辛以胜白芍之酸,则酸从
辛化,便能入膀胱以摄阳。然命名虽因崇土,其出化之机,毕竟重在坎中无阳,假使肾关不
利,不由膀胱气化,焉能出诸小便,故从上不宁之水,全赖附子直走下焦以启其阳,则少阴
水邪必从阳部注于经而出矣,非但里镇少阴水泛,并可外御太阳亡阳。
赤石脂一斤(一半全用,一半筛末) 干姜一两 粳米一升
上三味,以水七升,煮米令熟,去滓〔法〕,温服七合〔法〕,纳赤石脂末方寸匕,日三
服〔法〕。若一服愈,余勿服。
桃花汤,非名其色也,肾脏阳虚用之,一若寒谷有阳和之致,故名。石脂入手阳明经,
干姜
尽撤
纳石
麻黄三两(去节) 杏仁七十粒(去皮尖) 桂枝二两(去皮) 甘草一两(炙)
上四味,以水九升,先煮麻黄减二升,去上沫〔法〕,纳诸药,煮取二升半,去滓〔法〕,
温服八合。覆取微似汗〔法〕,不须啜粥。余如桂枝法将息。
麻黄汤,破营方也。试观立方大义,麻黄轻清入肺,杏仁重浊入心,仲景治太阳初病,
必从
内攘
其大
表,
戢
Fuling (Poria) 3 liang, Shaoyao (White Peony Root) 3 liang, Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) 3 liang (sliced), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) 2 liang, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) 1 piece (processed, skin removed, broken into eight pieces).
The above five herbs are boiled in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng of decoction. The dregs are filtered out. Take 7 ge of the warm decoction per dose, three times a day. Subsequent modifications may be made based on symptoms.
Baizhu, Fuling, Shaoyao, and Shengjiang are herbs that regulate the Spleen and Stomach. The Taiyang (Greater Yang) and Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) meridians are associated with Water Zang organs. By employing the method of strengthening Earth to control Water, the Water pathogenic factors in these two meridians are suppressed and expelled through Qi transformation.
Hence it is named Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction). The bland nature of Fuling overcomes the bitter taste of Baizhu, transforming bitterness into blandness, allowing entry into the Kidney meridian to overcome dampness; the pungent nature of Shengjiang overcomes the sour taste of Shaoyao, transforming sourness into pungency, allowing entry into the Bladder meridian to secure Yang Qi. Although the naming stems from strengthening Earth, the mechanism of Qi transformation ultimately relies on the lack of Yang in Kan (the lower Jiao/Kidney). If the Kidney gate is not unobstructed and does not undergo Bladder Qi transformation, how can fluids be excreted as urine? Therefore, for the unsettled Water pathogen above, it entirely depends on Fuzi to travel directly to the Lower Jiao to initiate Yang. Consequently, the Water pathogen of Shaoyin must flow from the Yang aspect into the channels and exit. This not only suppresses Water flooding internally in Shaoyin but also defends against Yang collapse externally in Taiyang.
Chishizhi (Kaolin) 1 jin (half used whole, half sifted into powder), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) 1 liang, Jingmi (Rice Grain) 1 sheng.
The above three ingredients are boiled in 7 sheng of water until the rice is cooked. The dregs are filtered out. Take 7 ge of the warm decoction, mixed with one fangcunbi of Chishizhi powder, three times a day. If cured after one dose, do not take the remainder.
Taohua Tang (Peach Blossom Decoction) is not named for its color, but because it is used for Kidney Yang deficiency, acting as if bringing warmth to a cold valley, hence the name. Chishizhi enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian.
Ganjiang
completely removes
incorporates Chishizhi (Note: Original text appears fragmented here; context implies Ganjiang warms the middle and aids Chishizhi's astringency).
Mahuang (Ephedra Stem) 3 liang (nodes removed), Xingren (Apricot Seed) 70 grains (skin and tips removed), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 2 liang (bark removed), Gancao (Licorice Root) 1 liang (roasted).
The above four herbs are boiled in 9 sheng of water. First, boil Mahuang alone until the volume decreases by 2 sheng, skimming off the foam. Then add the remaining herbs and boil to obtain 2.5 sheng of decoction. Filter out the dregs. Take 8 ge of the warm decoction. Cover with blankets to induce a slight sweat. There is no need to drink hot porridge. Rest and care instructions follow those of Guizhi Tang.
Mahuang Tang is a formula that breaks through the Ying (Nutritive) level. Observing the main principles of this prescription: Mahuang is light and clear, entering the Lung meridian; Xingren is heavy and turbid, entering the Heart meridian. When Zhang Zhongjing treats early-stage Taiyang disease,
he necessarily eliminates from within
its major exterior syndrome,
suppressing (Note: Original text ends abruptly with "Ji", meaning to restrain or stop).