水病之初，先目上肿起如老蚕，色侠头脉动。股里冷，胫中满，按之没指。腹内转侧有
节声，此其候也，不即治须臾，身体稍肿，肚尽胀，按之随手起，则病已成，犹可为治，此
皆从虚损大病，或下痢后，妇人产后，饮水不即消，三焦受病，小便不利，乃相结渐渐生聚
，遂流诸经络故也，治之方。
葶苈一升，熬捣之于臼上，割生雄 鸡，合血共头，共捣万杵，服如梧子五丸，稍加
至十丸，勿食盐，常食小豆饭，饮小豆汁，鲤鱼佳也。
又方，防风，甘草，葶苈各二两，捣，苦酒和丸，如梧子大三丸，日三服，常服之。取
消平乃止。
又方，雄黄六分，麝香三分，甘遂，芫花，人参各二分，捣蜜和丸，服如豆大二丸，加
至四丸，即瘥。
又方，但以春酒五升，渍葶苈子二升，隔宿稍服一合，小盒饭利。
又方，葶苈一两，杏仁二十枚，并熬黄色捣，分十服，小便去，立瘥。
又方，胡洽水银丸，大治水肿，利小便，姚同，葶苈，椒目各一升，芒硝六两，水银十
两，水煮水银三日三夜，乃以合捣六万杵。自相和丸，服如大豆丸，日三服，日增一丸，至
十丸，更从一起，瘥后，食牛羊肉自补，稍稍饮之。
又方，多取柯枝皮，锉，浓煮，煎令可丸服。如梧子大三丸。须臾，又一服，当下水后
，将服三丸，日三服，此树一名木奴，南人用作船。
又方，真苏合香，水银，白粉等分。蜜丸服，如大豆二丸，日三，当下水，节饮好自养
，无苏合，可阙之也。
又方，取草麻绳熟者二十枚，去皮，研之，水解得三合日一服，至日中许，当吐下，诸
水汁结裹。若不尽，三日后更服三十枚，犹未尽，更复作，瘥后，节饮及咸物等。
又方，小豆一升，白鸡一头，治如食法，以水三斗，煮熟食滓，饮汁，稍相令尽。
又方，取青雄鸭，以水五升，煮取饮汁一升，稍稍饮，令尽，浓覆之，取汗佳。
又方，取胡燕卵中黄，顿吞十枚。
又方，取蛤蝼炙令熟，日食十个。
又方，若唯腹大动摇水声，皮肤黑，名曰水虫，巴豆九十枚去皮心，杏仁六十枚去皮尖
，并熬令黄，捣和之。服如小豆大一枚，以水下为度。勿饮酒，佳。
又方，鬼扇，细捣绞汁，服如鸡子，即下水，更复取水蛊，若汤研麻子汁饮之。
又方，慈弥草三十斤，子三石，煮取一石，去滓，更汤上煎，令可丸服。如皂荚子三九
至五六丸，水随小便去。即饮糜粥养之。
又方，白茅根一大把，小豆三升，水三升，煮取干，去茅根食豆，水随小便下。
又方，鼠尾草，马鞭草各十斤，水一石，煮取五斗，去滓更煎，以粉和为丸服。如大豆
大，二丸加至四五丸，禁肥肉，生冷勿食。
肿满者，白椹树白皮一握，水二升，煮取五合，白槟榔大者二枚，末之。纳更煎三五沸
，汤成，下少许红雪，服之。
又将服牛溺，商陆，羊肉 ，及香柔煎等。在肿满条中，其十水丸诸大方在别卷，若止
皮肤水，腹内未有者，服诸发汗药，得汗便瘥。然慎护风寒为急，若唯腹大，下之不去，便
针脐下二寸，入数分令水出，孔合须腹减乃止。
附方
李绛《兵部手集》方，疗水病，无问年月深浅，虽复脉恶，亦主之。
大戟，当归，橘皮各一大两，切，以水一大升，煮取七合，顿服，利水二三斗，勿怪至
重，不过，再服，便瘥，禁毒食一年，水下后更服，永不作，此方出张尚客。
《外台秘要》，治水气。
商陆根白者去皮，切如小豆许一大盏，以水三升，煮取一升，已上烂，即取粟米一大盏
，煮成粥，仍空心服，若一日两度服，即恐利多，每日服一顿即微利，不得杂食。
又疗水病肿。
鲤鱼一头，极大者去头尾及骨，唯取肉，以水二斗，赤小豆一大升，和鱼肉煮，可取二
升，已上汁生布绞。去滓，顿服尽。如不能尽，分为二服，后服温令暖，服讫当下利，利尽
即瘥。
又方，卒患肿满，曾有人忽脚 肿，渐上至膝，足不可践地。至大水头面，遍身大肿胀
满，苦瓠白瓤实，捻如大豆粒，以面裹，煮一沸。空心服七枚，至午当出水一斗，三日水自
出不止，大瘦乃瘥，三年内慎口味也。苦瓠须好者，无 翳细理妍净者，不尔有毒不用。
《圣惠方》，治十种水不瘥垂死。
用 肉半斤，切，粳米三合，水三升，葱椒姜豉作粥食之。
又方，治十种水病，肿满喘促，不得卧。
以蝼蛄五枚，干为末，食前汤调半钱匕至一钱，小便通效。
《食医心镜》，治十种水病，不瘥，垂死。
青头鸭一只，治如食法，细切，和米并五味，煮令极熟作粥，空腹食之。
又方，主水气胀满浮肿，小便涩少。
白鸭一只，去毛肠洗馈，饭半升，以饭，姜，椒，酿鸭腹中缝定，如法蒸，候熟，食之
。
杨氏《产乳》，疗身体肿满，水气急，卧不得。
郁李仁一大合，捣为末，和麦面搜作饼子，与吃入口，即大便通利气，便瘥。
《梅师方》，治水肿坐卧不得，头面身体悉肿。
取东引花桑枝，烧灰，淋汁，煮赤小豆，空心食，令饱。饥即食尽，不得吃饭。
又方，治水肿小便涩。
黄牛尿，饮一升，日至夜，小便利，瘥，勿食盐。
又方，治心下有水。
白术三两，泽泻五两，锉，以水三升，煎取一升半，分服。
《千金翼》，治小便不利，膀胱水气流滞。
以浮萍日干，末，服方寸匕，日一二服，良。
《经验方》，河东裴氏传经效治水肿及暴肿。
葶苈三两，杵六千下，令如泥，即下汉防己末四两，取绿头鸭，就药臼中截头，沥血于
臼中，血尽，和鸭头更捣五千下，丸如梧桐子，患甚者，空腹白汤下十丸，稍可者五丸，频
服五日止，此药利小便，有效如神。
《韦宙独行方》，疗水肿从脚起，入腹则杀人。
用赤小豆一斗，煮令极烂，取汁四五升，温渍膝以下，若以入腹，但服小豆，勿杂食亦
愈。
李绛《兵部手集》方，亦着此法，云曾得效。
At the onset of water disease (Shuǐbìng, edema), the eyelids first swell and protrude like an old silkworm, with a darkish color and visible pulsation in the head's meridians. The inner thighs feel cold, the calves are full and distended, leaving an indentation upon pressure. There is a sloshing sound when turning within the abdomen; this is the sign of the disease. If not treated immediately, within moments the body will slightly swell, the belly will become fully distended, and pressing it causes it to rebound instantly, indicating that the disease has formed but is still treatable. These conditions generally arise from severe deficiency or damage, or after dysentery, or in women postpartum where drinking water is not immediately metabolized, causing the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) to be affected, urination to be difficult, and water-dampness to bind and gradually accumulate, flowing into the meridians. The treatment formulas are as follows:
Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Seminis, 葶苈子) one sheng, roasted and pounded on a mortar base. Slaughter a live rooster, collect its blood, and pound it together with Tinglizi for ten thousand strokes. Form pills the size of a wax gourd seed (Wuzi). Take five pills initially, gradually increasing to ten pills. Do not eat salt. Frequently eat adzuki bean rice and drink adzuki bean juice; eating carp is excellent.
Another formula: Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 防风), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草), and Tinglizi each two liang. Pound them, mix with vinegar to form pills the size of a wax gourd seed. Take three pills, three times daily. Continue taking them until the swelling subsides and the condition stabilizes, then stop.
Another formula: Xionghuang (Realgar, 雄黄) six fen, Shexiang (Moschus, 麝香) three fen, Gansui (Kansui Radix, 甘遂), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos, 芫花), and Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix, 人参) each two fen. Pound them, mix with honey to form pills the size of a bean. Take two pills, increasing to four pills, which will lead to recovery.
Another formula: Take five sheng of spring wine, soak two sheng of Tinglizi overnight. Take one ge later, and urination will clear, leading to recovery.
Another formula: Tinglizi one liang, Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 杏仁) twenty pieces. Roast both until yellow, then pound. Divide into ten doses. Once urination occurs, recovery is immediate.
Another formula: Huqian Shuiyin Wan (Huqian Mercury Pill, 胡洽水银丸), greatly treating severe edema and promoting urination. Yao's formula is the same. Tinglizi and Jiaomu (Zanthoxyli Fructus, 椒目) each one sheng, Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 芒硝) six liang, Shuiyin (Mercurius, 水银) ten liang. Boil the mercury in water for three days and nights, then pound everything together sixty thousand times. Mix and form pills the size of a soybean. Take three times daily, increasing by one pill daily up to ten pills, then restart from one pill. After recovery, consume beef and mutton for self-nourishment, drinking slowly.
Another formula: Take a large amount of Kezhi Pi (Cortex Periplocae, 柯枝皮), chop it, boil it strongly, and decoct until it can be formed into pills. Size of a wax gourd seed, three pills per dose. Shortly after, take another dose. Water should pass, followed by taking three pills, three times daily. This tree is also called Munu, used by southern people for boat building.
Another formula: Zhen Suhexiang (Styrax, 真苏合香), Shuiyin (Mercurius, 水银), and Baifen (Lead Carbonate, 白粉) in equal parts. Mix with honey to form pills the size of a soybean. Take two pills, three times daily. Water should pass. Regulate fluid intake and care for oneself. If Suhexiang is unavailable, it may be omitted.
Another formula: Take twenty ripe Caomasheng (Hemp Rope, 草麻绳), remove the skin, grind it, dissolve in water to obtain three ge. Take once daily. By midday, vomiting and purging should occur, expelling the wrapped water-fluid clumps. If not fully expelled, take thirty pieces again after three days. If still not fully expelled, prepare again. After recovery, regulate fluid intake and avoid salty foods.
Another formula: Adzuki beans (Xiaodou, 小豆) one sheng, white chicken one head. Prepare according to culinary methods. Use three dou of water, cook thoroughly. Eat the dregs and drink the juice, consuming them completely over time.
Another formula: Take a male green duck. Use five sheng of water, decoct to obtain one sheng of juice. Drink it slowly until finished. Cover thickly to induce sweating, which is beneficial.
Another formula: Take the yolk of a swallow egg (Huyanluan, 胡燕卵) and swallow ten pieces at once.
Another formula: Roach (Loulu, 蛤蝼/蝼蛄), roast until cooked. Eat ten daily.
Another formula: If only the abdomen is large and shaking with water sounds, and the skin is black, it is named Shuichong (Water Insect, 水虫). Badou (Crotonis Fructus, 巴豆) ninety pieces, peeled and cored; Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 杏仁) sixty pieces, peeled and de-veined. Roast both until yellow, mix and pound. Take one pill the size of a small bean. Stop when water passes. Avoid alcohol for best results.
Another formula: Guishan (Ghost Fan, 鬼扇), finely pound and squeeze out the juice. Take an amount the size of a chicken egg to expel water. For further water-gu (water parasite/disease), if decocted hemp seed juice is drunk, it also works.
Another formula: Cimi Cao (Cimi Grass, 慈弥草) thirty jin, seeds three shi. Decoct to obtain one shi. Remove dregs, reduce further on fire until suitable for pills. Size of Sophora japonica fruit pods (Zaojiazi, 皂荚子). Take three to nine, or five to six pills. Water will exit via urination. Immediately drink millet porridge to nourish.
Another formula: A large handful of Baimaogen (Imperatae Rhizoma, 白茅根), Xiaodou (Adzuki Beans, 小豆) three sheng, water three sheng. Decoct until dry. Remove Baimaogen and eat the beans. Water will exit via urination.
Another formula: Shuweicao (Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 鼠尾草) and Mabiancao (Verbena officinalis, 马鞭草) each ten jin. Water one shi. Decoct to obtain five dou. Remove dregs and reduce further. Mix with flour powder to form pills. Size of soybeans. Start with two pills, increase to four or five. Prohibit fatty meat; do not eat raw or cold foods.
For cases of swelling and fullness: Bai Shen Bai Pi (White Bark of Morus alba var. multicaulis, 白椹树白皮) one handful, water two sheng. Decoct to obtain five he. Bai Binlang (Arecae Katsumadae Semen, 白槟榔) two large pieces, powdered. Add to the decoction and boil for three to five boils. When ready, add a little Hongxue (Red Snow, 红雪) and take.
Also consider taking Niu Ni (Cow Urine, 牛溺), Shanglu (Phytolaccae Radix, 商陆), Yang Rou (Mutton, 羊肉), and Xiang Rou Jian (Fragrant Litsea Decoction, 香柔煎). Regarding the swelling-fullness section, the major formulas for Ten Waters Pills are in another volume. If it is merely skin edema without abdominal fluid accumulation, take various diaphoretic medicines; obtaining sweat leads to recovery. However, guarding against wind-cold is urgent. If only the abdomen is large and purgatives fail, needle two cun below the umbilicus, insert a few fen deep to let water out. Close the hole only when the abdomen has reduced.
Attached Formulas:
Li Jiang's "Bingbu Shouji" Formula: Treats water disease, regardless of duration. Even if the pulse is unfavorable, it is indicated.
Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, 大戟), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 当归), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 橘皮) each one da liang. Cut, use one sheng of water, decoct to obtain seven he. Take in one dose. It will promote urination of two to three dou; do not be alarmed. For severe cases, take no more than two doses, and it will recover. Strictly forbid toxic foods for one year. After water passes, take again to prevent recurrence. This formula comes from Zhang Shangke.
"Waitai Miyao": Treats Shuiqi (Water Qi/Edeamatic Qi, 水气).
White Shanglu (Phytolaccae Radix, 商陆) root, peeled, cut into pieces the size of adzuki beans, one da zhan. Use three sheng of water, decoct to obtain one sheng. Mash well. Take one da zhan of millet rice, cook into porridge. Take on an empty stomach. Taking twice a day may cause too much purging; taking once daily causes mild purging. Do not eat mixed foods.
Another for treating water disease swelling:
One carp, the largest size, remove head, tail, and bones, keep only the meat. Use two dou of water, one da sheng of Chixiaodou (Vigna angularis, 赤小豆). Cook with fish meat. Obtain two sheng of liquid. Strain through raw cloth. Remove dregs. Take all in one dose. If unable to finish, divide into two doses. Warm the second dose. After taking, diarrhea should occur. Recovery follows complete purging.
Another formula: Sudden onset of swelling-fullness. Someone suddenly had foot swelling, ascending to the knees, making walking impossible. Then head and face swelled, whole body severely swollen. Ku Hu (Bitter Bottle Gourd, 苦瓠) white pulp and seeds, rolled into pills the size of soybeans, wrapped in dough, boiled once. Take seven pills on an empty stomach. By noon, one dou of water should pass. Water will continue to pass for three days. Severe emaciation indicates recovery. Be cautious with diet for three years. Ku Hu must be good quality, without spots, fine texture, clean. Otherwise, it is toxic and unusable.
"Shenghui Fang": Treats the ten types of water disease failing to recover, near death.
Use [Meat] half jin, cut. Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Japonica Group, 粳米) three he, water three sheng. Make porridge with Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, 葱), Jiaopi (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, 椒), Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 姜), and Chi (Fermented Soybean, 豉). Eat.
Another formula: Treats the ten types of water disease, swelling-fullness, panting, inability to lie down.
Five Loulu (Annelida, 蝼蛄), dried and powdered. Mix with water before meals, half qianbi to one qian. Effective when urination flows.
"Shiyi Xinjing": Treats the ten types of water disease failing to recover, near death.
One green-headed duck, prepare as food, cut finely. Mix with rice and five flavors. Cook thoroughly into porridge. Eat on an empty stomach.
Another formula: Mainly for Shuiqi bloating, swelling, scanty urine.
One white duck, remove feathers and entrails, wash. Half sheng of rice. Stuff duck belly with rice, ginger, pepper, sew shut. Steam according to method. Eat when cooked.
Yang Shi's "Chanru": Treats body swelling-fullness, acute Shuiqi, inability to lie down.
Yuliren (Pruni Armeniacae Semen, 郁李仁) one da he. Pound to powder. Mix with wheat flour to make cakes. Give to patient to eat. Bowels will open, qi will flow, and recovery follows.
"Meishi Fang": Treats edema where sitting/lying is impossible, head, face, and body all swollen.
Take east-facing flowering mulberry branches (Dongyin Huasangzhi, 东引花桑枝), burn to ash, leach juice. Decoct Chixiaodou (Vigna angularis, 赤小豆). Eat on an empty stomach until full. Eat until hungry, do not eat regular rice.
Another formula: Treats edema with scanty urine.
Yellow cow urine, drink one sheng. From morning to night, urination becomes smooth, recovery follows. Do not eat salt.
Another formula: Treats water under the heart.
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 白术) three liang, Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 泽泻) five liang. Chop, use three sheng of water, decoct to obtain one and a half sheng. Divide and take.
"Qianjin Yi": Treats difficult urination, stagnation of bladder water qi.
Dry floating duckweed (Fuping, 浮萍) in sun, powder. Take one fangcun bi daily, one or two doses. Good.
"Jingyan Fang": Transmitted by Pei family of Hedong, effective for edema and sudden swelling.
Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Seminis, 葶苈子) three liang. Pound six thousand times until mud-like. Add Han Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, 汉防己) powder four liang. Take a green-headed duck, cut off head in the mortar, drain blood into mortar. When blood is exhausted, mix with duck head and pound five thousand more times. Form pills the size of wax gourd seeds. For severe cases, take ten pills with plain hot water on empty stomach; for mild cases, five pills. Take frequently for five days. This medicine promotes urination, effective as magic.
"Wei Zhou Duxing Fang": Treats edema starting from feet, entering abdomen kills.
Use one dou of Chixiaodou (Vigna angularis, 赤小豆). Cook until very soft. Obtain four to five sheng of juice. Warm and soak below knees. If it enters abdomen, just eat adzuki beans, avoid mixed foods, and it will heal.
Li Jiang's "Bingbu Shouji" Formula also records this method, claiming efficacy.