患儿阳气之伤,阴寒之甚,还表现于: 四肢清冷,神靡,烦躁,失寐,甚则神态呆滞,举止异常,参之舌象,此为太阴寒极,传及少阴,心肾皆伤。而少阴本有但欲寐,恶寒踡卧之证;但亦有烦躁,不得卧之变证。后者多因失治误治,失于急温所致;乃肾中真阳不潜,心气亏耗,阳虚而扰乱不宁,病情尤重。故本例兼属少阴坏病。
可见,此病虽奇,而其特点在于“其脏有寒”。治疗之正法,首“当温之”。前人曾说: “盖脾为后天,肾为先天,少阴之火所以生太阴之土。脾为五脏之母,少阴更太阴之母。与四逆之为剂,重于理中也。” (《伤寒附翼·太阴方总论》)故首用四逆汤回阳救逆,急追欲失之元阳,峻逐凝聚之群阴。
[二诊]1975年1月29日。服药后无不适之感,诸证无明显变化。中州沉寒已久.坎宫生气衰弱亦甚,宜四逆与理中合剂,损益续服。加上肉桂、辽细辛,以增峻逐寒凝之力。
处方:
制附片30克(久煎) 干姜30克炙甘草18克白术18克茯苓15克 上肉桂10克(冲服)
辽细辛3克四剂
[三诊]2月5日。食欲略增,睡眠稍好。中焦沉寒,必致气血生化乏源,阴阳俱虚。在温里逐寒,峻补命火之同时,亦须调补阴阳,培土益气。拟黄芪建中汤再服。
处方:
桂枝10克 白芍10克炙甘草3克生姜30克大枣10枚黄芪15克饴糖60克(兑服) 十剂
[四诊]2月19日。食纳增加,神靡恍惚之象好转,不再用嘴触墙壁。但唇翻眼鼓,上胞浮肿,仍无改变。此为脾僵土亏,阳衰阴盛,寒湿凝聚,蕴积已深,改投大剂四逆。加桂枝、麻黄,并重用生姜,通凝聚之寒湿,开气血之痹阻,使之外达;因重用干姜、附片,则无发汗伤阳之虞。再加童便为反佐,引药下行,兼取其消淤之效。
处方:
制附片120克干姜60克炙甘草30克桂枝18克麻黄18克生姜240克童便为引
[五诊]2月28日。皮现红疹。眼胞浮肿略消,神情呆滞好转,余证同前。改用自制不二丹,开窍散淤。另加砂仁30克、白蔻30克、草果30克共为细末,饭后冲服少许,健脾行气,温中燥湿。
[六诊]3月9日。红疹消,食纳增,病情稳定。再以大剂四逆汤加昧,大补命火,峻逐阴寒。
处方:
制附片120克(久煎) 干姜60克炙甘草60克桂枝30克麻黄12克生姜60克 童便为引
三剂
[七诊]3月13日。便溏、肢冷好转。入睡后,唇翻嘴翘之象略平。再以黄芪建中汤,调补阴阳,培土益气。
处方:
桂枝10克 白芍10克 炙甘草3克生姜30克大枣10枚黄芪30克 饴糖60克(兑服)
八剂
[八诊]3月26日。病情无明显变化,为增强通阳行气之力,重用桂枝,再加葱白;为峻补命门,益火消阴,制附片加至250克,另加上肉桂以助之;汤剂共服30余剂。间服砂仁、白蔻,以增温中健脾之效;再配合服自制“坎离丹”,调补阴阳,温肾逐寒,养心安神。
处方一:
制附片250克(久煎) 干姜120克甘草120克桂枝30克上肉桂10克葱白250克-
处方-:
砂仁30克白蔻30克共研细末,饭后冲服2克处方三:
川附片三份半上肉桂一份真琥珀二份
柏子仁二份 飞朱砂一份麝香半份
共研细末,水打丸。每日一次,每次3—4粒。
[九诊]5月8日。唇翻嘴翘、眼胞浮肿显著消退,神情举止日渐正常,畸形怪状基本消失。舌质稍现红润,苔薄白,边缘略有齿印。阳气渐升,出现沉疴向愈之佳兆,虑其脾僵肾寒日久,宜四逆、理中加味续服。
处方:
制附片120克(久煎) 干姜60克 炙甘草30克白术18克茯苓20克黄芪20克红枣30克上肉桂10克(冲服)
服四剂,间隔数日再眼
(十诊]10月20日。上方随证加减,服40余剂,诸证愈。遂停药,以自制不二丹养心安神、化淤通窍、燥湿健脾,缓缓服之,并注意忌食生冷,以巩固疗效。
1979年5月,患者父亲来信说:病愈以后,三年多来,身体日益健壮,智力恢复良好。学习成绩已跟上高中快班。现身高1.75米,体重124斤,已成为校足球运动员。
[按语]此例太阴少阴证嘴眼畸形,临床诚属罕见。 “其脏有寒”,温之以四逆辈,间以建中之补而愈者,乃遵仲景之法度也。
《伤寒论·太阴篇》云: “自利不渴者,属太阴,以其脏有寒故也,当温之,宜服四逆辈”。此条固然原以不渴一证,识太阴,辨寒热自利,实则已括尽太阴里寒之形成与治法。其“脏”,虽主要指太阴本脏,有的注家曾指出,亦可泛指诸阴经有“寒”。故可有双重涵义:一为里寒、属阴、属虚,指机能衰退,寒邪凝滞,以致运化失职,诸证丛生;一为失治误治,脾阳受戕,寒气陷入太阴。前医曾正确提出:“脾僵则唇翻眼鼓”。这对于明确诊断,具有重要意义。但关键在于,如何进而掌握其传变规律,辨证施治。
以六经传变而论,太阴寒邪是否可循经而传?这一问题,古今注家争论颇多。清·吴谦等认为: “自后汉迄今,千载以来,皆谓三阴寒邪不传……是皆未曾熟读仲景之书,故有此误耳” (《订正仲景全书伤寒论·太阴全篇》)。证之临床,本例即由太阴湿土寒极,失于急温,以致病传少阴者。虽出现“心中烦,不得卧”等证,但又与少阴热化证异。实为肾阳不潜,心气亏耗,太阴寒邪传入少阴。仲景治疗“其脏有寒”,正法即“当温之”,主方不外四逆辈。故本例首选四逆汤,并理中合剂,或间服建中者,皆温之、补之之意。可见疾病纵然千奇百怪,人之形脏又厚薄虚实不一,但归根到底,仍不离三阴三阳之传经变化规律。诚然,若临床掌握这一根本, “虽未能尽愈诸病,庶可以见病知源”。常见之病如此,罕见之怪证焉能例外!
太阴少阴证虚劳
(脑血管硬化、美尼尔氏综合症)
李××,女,48岁。成都某厂家属。
[病史]患头痛,眩晕约十年。1971年3月,病情逐渐加重,经常昏倒,头晕如天旋地转,并发展到头项及四肢僵直,俯仰伸屈不利,身觉麻木,一年中有半载卧床不起。1974年6月专程赴西安某军医院,经内科、骨科、神经内科和神经外科检查,确诊为“脑血管硬化”及“美尼尔氏综合症”。后转回成都,病情未见好转。同年11月前来就诊。
[初诊]已卧床不起,神志不清,心悸气喘,呼吸困难,头剧痛频繁,自觉似铁箍紧束,昏眩甚则如天地旋游。头项强硬,手足厥冷,全身浮肿,不欲食,三天来只略进少许流质。两手麻木,感觉迟钝,小便短少,大便先秘后溏。经期紊乱,每月三、 四次,色暗黑,血块甚多。面色苍白,眼胞双颧浮聃,,眼圈乌黑,舌质暗淡,苔白滑浊腻,脉微细。此证属太少二阴,脾肾阳虚日甚,已成虚劳。法宜调阴阳,利气化,’逐水饮,以桂枝去芍药加麻黄细辛附予汤主之。
处方:
桂枝10克 生姜60克甘草30克 大枣30克麻黄lO克 辽细辛6克制附片60克(久煎)三剂
[二诊]上方服三剂,神志渐清,头剧痛减,可半卧于床,原方再服八剂。
[三诊]身肿、手麻稍有好转,神志已清;仍头痛眩晕。肢体尚觉沉重,稍动则气喘心累。苔腻稍减,病有转机;唯阳气虚弱,阴寒凝滞已深。方药虽对证,力嫌不足。原方附子加重至120克;另加干姜、炮姜各60克,以增强温经散寒,祛脏腑痼冷之效。连进十剂,头痛、眩晕著减,可起床稍事活动。原方附子减至60克,去干姜、生姜,再服十剂。
[四诊]头痛止,尚有轻度眩晕。活动稍久,略有心悸气喘。浮肿已不明显,头项及四肢强直感消失,四肢渐温,食纳增加,诸证显著好转。但痼疾日久,脾肾阳虚已甚,须进而温中健脾,扶阳补肾,兼顾阴阳,拟理中汤加味缓服。
处方:
党参30克 干姜30克炒白术20克 炙甘草20克制附片60克(久煎) 茯苓20克菟丝子30克枸杞20克 鹿角胶30克(烊) 龟板胶30克(烊)
上肉桂12克(冲服)
服上方月余病愈。1979年12月25日追访:患者谈到治病经过,精神振奋,五年来病未复发,并承担全部家务劳动,身体如常。
[按语]此例迁延日久,病情复杂,酿致沉疴,而出现多种衰弱证候,故病属虚劳。按六经辨证,其手足厥冷,心悸神靡,食不下而自利,舌淡苔白,实为太阴、少阴同病,一派阴气弥漫。进而剖析,头目昏眩,痛如紧捆;全身浮肿,上肢麻木不仁;自利稀溏。此为阴气上腾,阳气下陷,阴阳相隔,气血无所统制,水饮搏于气,壅滞于周身, 《金匮要略》桂枝去芍药加麻黄细辛附子汤方,原主“气分,心下坚……水饮所作”。尤怡注: “气分者,谓寒气乘阳气之虚而病于气也”。 “不直攻其气,而以辛甘温药行阳以化气”。工藤球卿云:曾用此汤治多种气血虚损坏病,每获奇效……。据金匮阴阳相得,其气乃行,大气一转,其气乃散,故拟用此方也(《方函口诀》引)。今变通用于本例,以寒气乘阳之虚而病于气之理,温养营卫,行阳化气,助阳化饮,发散寒邪,诸证自当迎刃而解。
太阳少阴证头痛
李××,男,48岁。解放军某部老红军。
[病史]1957年12月,患剧烈头痛,夜间尤甚。痛时自觉头部紧缩似鸡蛋大小,如铁箍紧束,不能入睡。在四川××医院住院八个多月,病因不明, 按“神经官能症”治疗。每日服安眠药强行控制。出院后,头痛复发时,又增肩背痛楚如缚。后转部队××医院,采用睡眠疗法等治疗。又入××医院,按“癔病”论治。病情未见好转,被迫全休。每日剧痛发作一至数次。发展严重时,舌强目呆,手不能抬,脚不能移,说不出话。1965年来诊。
[初诊]头剧痛,连及肩背,每日发作数次。神衰气短,四肢无力,手足不温,经常下利。面色萎黄,舌质暗淡,苔黄夹白,根部厚腻。此为太阳少阴证,多年陈寒凝聚已深,表里之邪交织难解。法宜扶阳解表,峻逐阴寒。以麻黄细辛附子汤加味主之。
处方:
麻黄10克制附片60克(久煎) 辽细辛6克桂枝12克 干姜60克生姜120克甘草30克[二诊]上方连服十余剂,头痛减轻,余证同前。病重药轻,熟附久煎,难奏其功。遂令将上方加倍重用附子,改久煎制附片为略煎(煮沸后二十分钟下群药)。嘱其尽量多服,若身麻,甚则失去知觉,不必惊骇,任其自行恢复。
处方:
麻黄10克 制附片120克(略煎) 辽细辛6克桂枝12克干姜60克生姜120克甘草30克患者遵法服之,服后等待药性发作。半小时后,信步庭院,忽然倒下。被家人抬进卧室,很快清醒。除全身发麻外,无明显不适。起身后,又倒在地上,口中流出不少清泫粘液。数小时后,逐渐恢复常态。间隔数日,依上法又重复一次。从此,多年剧痛明显减轻,头、肩、背如紧箍重压之苦,皆如释。其后将初诊方附片久煎又连续服用两月,病遂基本治愈。十余年来,未再复发。
1979年10月31日追访:患者已年逾花甲,谈笑风生,介绍二十年来患此奇病之种种经历,不胜感慨之至。
(按语]此例头部之剧痛,如绳索捆绑,似头戴“紧箍”之状,乃寒湿之邪久聚,循太阳经入里,日积月深而不解。此所谓“寒中少阴之经,而复外连太阳”。以麻黄细辛附子汤加味,峻逐表里寒湿之凝滞。钱潢称此方为“温经散寒之神剂”,实临床经验之谈。
太阳少阴证胸痹
陈××,女,32岁。成都某乡,农民。
[病史]1g76年8月,妊娠期外感,头疼,身痛,失眠,尤以胸背疼痛、胸中满闷为甚。因怕服药动胎早产,未治疗。产后七日,正值地震,露宿于外,病势加剧。先后到省市数处医院胸透,并作心电图、超声波等检查,均无异常,诊为“神经官能症”。1977年11月初来诊。
[初诊]胸部疼痛年余,痞满不舒,呃逆气阻。畏寒头昏,耳如蝉鸣,骨节酸痛,纳差,多梦,行经腹痛,淤块甚多。舌质偏淡,苔黄滑。此为产前感受外邪,产后血海空虚,又受寒湿侵袭,寒凝气滞,胸阳痹阻,清阳不升,故出现胸痞,头晕、耳呜、失眠,身痛等证,亦即俗称之“月后寒”。法宜助阳化气,温经散寒。以桂枝去芍药加麻黄细辛附子汤主之。
处方:
桂枝lO克炮姜30克甘草15克大枣20克麻黄10克 制附片60克(久煎) 辽细辛6克吴茱萸10克三剂
[二诊]上方服后胸痛减,头晕耳鸣好转,仍觉身痛,经前小腹冷痛。少阴阳虚,风寒湿郁闭未解,原方加减,兼佐活血化淤之品以调其经血。
处方:
桂枝10克炮姜30克炙甘草12克 麻黄10克制附片30克(久煎) 吴茱萸10克血余炭30克当归10克嘱此方服至经行即止。
[三诊]上方服至四剂,月事来潮。经色、经量、疼痛均大有好转,胸痛、头晕、耳鸣、体痛、失眠、纳呆亦明显减轻。原方去炮姜、血余炭、吴茱萸,加茯苓安神渗湿之品。
处方:
桂枝10克生姜30克炙甘草12克大枣20克麻黄10克 制附片30克(久煎)
The injury to the child's Yang Qi and the severity of Yin-Cold are also manifested as: cold limbs, listlessness, irritability, insomnia, and in severe cases, a dull demeanor and abnormal behavior. Referring to the tongue presentation, this indicates extreme Cold in the Taiyin stage, transmitting to the Shaoyin stage, with both the Heart and Kidney injured. The Shaoyin disease originally presents with symptoms of merely wanting to sleep, aversion to cold, and curling up; however, there are also variant syndromes of irritability and inability to sleep. The latter is mostly caused by delayed or incorrect treatment, failing to warm urgently; it results from the True Yang of the Kidney failing to submerge, and the depletion of Heart Qi, where Yang deficiency causes disturbance and restlessness, making the condition particularly severe. Therefore, this case also belongs to a damaged disease of the Shaoyin stage.
Thus, although this disease is peculiar, its characteristic lies in "Cold within the Zang organs." The correct method of treatment is primarily "to warm them." Predecessors once said: "The Spleen is the Post-Heaven foundation, and the Kidney is the Pre-Heaven foundation; the Fire of Shaoyin generates the Earth of Taiyin. The Spleen is the mother of the Five Zang organs, and Shaoyin is even more the mother of Taiyin. The effect of Si Ni Tang is heavier than that of Li Zhong Tang." (Shanghan Fuyi · General Discussion on Taiyin Formulas) Therefore, Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) is used first to restore Yang and rescue from collapse, urgently retrieving the Yuan Yang that is about to be lost, and vigorously expelling the aggregated Yin-Cold.
[Second Visit] January 29, 1975. After taking the medicine, there was no discomfort, and the various symptoms showed no significant change. The deep-seated Cold in the Middle Jiao has existed for a long time, and the vital energy of the Kan Palace (Kidney) is also severely weakened. It is appropriate to combine Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) with Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction), adjusting and continuing to take them. Add Rou Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi) and Liao Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) to enhance the power of vigorously expelling Cold stagnation.
Prescription:
Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 30g (decocted for a long time) Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 18g Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 18g Fu Ling (Poria) 15g Shang Rou Gui (Superior Cortex Cinnamomi) 10g (dissolved in the decoction)
Liao Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) 3g
Four doses
[Third Visit] February 5. Appetite slightly increased, sleep improved slightly. Deep-seated Cold in the Middle Jiao inevitably leads to a lack of source for Qi and Blood generation, resulting in deficiency of both Yin and Yang. While warming the interior and expelling Cold, and vigorously supplementing the Mingmen Fire, it is also necessary to regulate and tonify Yin and Yang, and cultivate the Earth (Spleen) to benefit Qi. Prescribe Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction to Establish the Middle) to continue taking.
Prescription:
Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 10g Bai Shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 10g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 3g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) 10 pieces Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 15g Yi Tang (Maltose) 60g (mixed in)
Ten doses
[Fourth Visit] February 19. Food intake increased, the phenomenon of listlessness and trance improved, and the mouth no longer touches the wall. However, the everted lips, bulging eyes, and swollen upper eyelids remain unchanged. This is due to stiff and deficient Spleen Earth, declining Yang and flourishing Yin, with Cold-Dampness aggregating and accumulating deeply. Switch to a large dose of Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction). Add Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) and Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba), and heavily use Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) to unblock aggregated Cold-Dampness and open the obstruction of Qi and Blood, allowing them to reach the exterior; because Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) are heavily used, there is no fear of sweating damaging Yang. Add Tong Bian (Child's Urine) as an anti-directional agent to guide the medicine downward, and also to utilize its blood-stasis-resolving effect.
Prescription:
Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 120g Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 30g Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 18g Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 18g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 240g Tong Bian (Child's Urine) as a guide
[Fifth Visit] February 28. Red rashes appeared on the skin. Eyelid swelling subsided slightly, and the dull demeanor improved, while other symptoms remained the same. Switch to self-made Bu Er Dan (Two-Uniqueness Pill) to open orifices and dissipate blood stasis. Additionally, add Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) 30g, Bai Kou (Cardamomi Fructus) 30g, and Cao Guo (Tsaoko Fructus) 30g, grind them into fine powder, and take a small amount mixed in water after meals to invigorate the Spleen, move Qi, warm the middle, and dry Dampness.
[Sixth Visit] March 9. Red rashes disappeared, appetite increased, and the condition stabilized. Use a large dose of Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) again with modifications to greatly tonify the Mingmen Fire and vigorously expel Yin-Cold.
Prescription:
Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 120g (decocted for a long time) Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 60g Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 30g Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 12g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Tong Bian (Child's Urine) as a guide
Three doses
[Seventh Visit] March 13. Loose stools and cold limbs improved. After falling asleep, the phenomena of everted lips and protruding mouth flattened slightly. Use Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction to Establish the Middle) again to regulate and tonify Yin and Yang, and cultivate the Earth to benefit Qi.
Prescription:
Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 10g Bai Shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 10g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 3g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) 10 pieces Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 30g Yi Tang (Maltose) 60g (mixed in)
Eight doses
[Eighth Visit] March 26. No significant change in the condition. To enhance the power of unblocking Yang and moving Qi, Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) is heavily used, and Cong Bai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus) is added; to vigorously tonify the Mingmen and benefit Fire to eliminate Yin, Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) is increased to 250g, and Shang Rou Gui (Superior Cortex Cinnamomi) is added to assist; the decoction was taken for over 30 doses. Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) and Bai Kou (Cardamomi Fructus) were taken intermittently to increase the effect of warming the middle and strengthening the Spleen; combined with the self-made "Kan Li Dan" (Kan-Li Pill) to regulate and tonify Yin and Yang, warm the Kidney and expel Cold, nourish the Heart and calm the Spirit.
Prescription One:
Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 250g (decocted for a long time) Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 120g Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 120g Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 30g Shang Rou Gui (Superior Cortex Cinnamomi) 10g Cong Bai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus) 250g
Prescription Two:
Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) 30g Bai Kou (Cardamomi Fructus) 30g Grind into fine powder, take 2g mixed in water after meals
Prescription Three:
Chuan Fu Pian (Aconiti Radix Preparata) three and a half parts Shang Rou Gui (Superior Cortex Cinnamomi) one part Zhen Hu Po (Succinum) two parts
Bai Zi Ren (Biota Semen) two parts Fei Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris) one part She Xiang (Moschus) half part
Grind into fine powder, make pills with water. Once daily, 3-4 pills each time.
[Ninth Visit] May 8. Everted lips, protruding mouth, and eyelid swelling significantly subsided, demeanor and behavior gradually normalized, and deformities basically disappeared. The tongue body shows slight redness, coating is thin and white, with slight teeth marks on the edges. Yang Qi is gradually rising, showing a good omen of recovery from chronic illness. Considering the long-standing stiffness of the Spleen and Cold of the Kidney, it is appropriate to continue taking Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) and Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) with modifications.
Prescription:
Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 120g (decocted for a long time) Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 30g Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 18g Fu Ling (Poria) 20g Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 20g Hong Zao (Fructus Jujubae) 30g Shang Rou Gui (Superior Cortex Cinnamomi) 10g (dissolved in the decoction)
Take four doses, then take again after an interval of several days
[Tenth Visit] October 20. The above prescription was modified according to symptoms, and after taking over 40 doses, all symptoms healed. Then stop taking medicine, and slowly take self-made Bu Er Dan (Two-Uniqueness Pill) to nourish the Heart and calm the Spirit, resolve blood stasis and open orifices, dry Dampness and strengthen the Spleen, and pay attention to avoiding raw and cold foods to consolidate the curative effect.
In May 1979, the patient's father wrote saying: After recovering from the illness, for more than three years, the body has become increasingly robust, and intelligence has recovered well. Academic performance has caught up with the fast class in high school. Currently, height is 1.75 meters, weight is 124 jin (62 kg), and he has become a school football player.
[Commentary] This case of Taiyin-Shaoyin syndrome presenting with facial deformity is indeed rare in clinical practice. "Cold within the Zang organs," warmed with Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) category, and cured intermittently with the tonifying effect of Jian Zhong Tang (Decoction to Establish the Middle), follows the principles of Zhang Zhongjing.
The *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage) · Taiyin Chapter states: "Those who have spontaneous diarrhea without thirst belong to Taiyin, because their Zang organs have Cold, so they should be warmed, and it is suitable to take the Si Ni Tang category." This clause certainly originally used the symptom of "no thirst" to identify Taiyin disease and differentiate between cold and hot spontaneous diarrhea, but in reality, it covers the formation and treatment methods of interior Cold in Taiyin. The "Zang organ," although mainly referring to the Taiyin proper Zang organ, some commentators have pointed out that it can also generally refer to "Cold" in all Yin meridians. Thus, it can have a dual meaning: one is interior Cold, belonging to Yin and deficiency, indicating functional decline, stagnation of Cold pathogen, leading to failure of transportation and transformation, and emergence of various symptoms; the other is delayed or incorrect treatment, where Spleen Yang is damaged, and Cold pathogen sinks into Taiyin. The previous doctor correctly proposed: "When the Spleen is stiff, the lips evert and the eyes bulge." This is of great significance for clarifying the diagnosis. But the key lies in how to further master its transmission laws and treat based on syndrome differentiation.
From the perspective of Six-Meridian transmission, can Taiyin Cold pathogen transmit along the meridian? This issue has been much debated by commentators ancient and modern. Qing Dynasty Wu Qian et al. believed: "Since the Later Han dynasty until now, for a thousand years, it has all been said that Cold pathogen of the Three Yin does not transmit... these are all errors because they have not read Zhongjing's books thoroughly" (*Corrected Complete Works of Zhang Zhongjing: Shanghan Lun · Full Chapter on Taiyin*). Verified clinically, this case was transmitted from Taiyin Wet-Earth extreme Cold, due to failure to warm urgently, thus transmitting to Shaoyin. Although symptoms such as "vexation in the heart and inability to sleep" appeared, they are different from Shaoyin Heat Transformation Syndrome. It is actually Kidney Yang failing to submerge, Heart Qi depletion, and Taiyin Cold pathogen transmitting to Shaoyin. For Zhang Zhongjing's treatment of "Cold within the Zang organs," the correct method is "to warm them," and the main formulas are none other than the Si Ni Tang category. Therefore, this case first selected Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction), combined with Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction), or intermittently taking Jian Zhong Tang (Decoction to Establish the Middle), all embody the intention of warming and tonifying. It can be seen that although diseases are bizarre, and human bodies and Zang organs vary in thickness and deficiency/excess, ultimately, they still do not depart from the transmission laws of the Three Yin and Three Yang. Indeed, if this fundamental principle is mastered clinically, "although one may not cure all diseases, one can at least see the disease and know its source." Common diseases are like this, how could rare and strange conditions be an exception!
Taiyin-Shaoyin Syndrome Deficiency Labor
(Cerebral Arteriosclerosis, Meniere's Syndrome)
Li XX, Female, 48 years old. Family member of a factory in Chengdu.
[Medical History] Suffered from headache and dizziness for about ten years. In March 1971, the condition gradually worsened, frequent fainting, dizziness feeling like the sky and earth rotating, developing into stiffness of the head, neck, and limbs, difficulty in bending and extending, numbness of the body, bedridden for half a year in a year. In June 1974, specially went to a military hospital in Xi'an, diagnosed as "Cerebral Arteriosclerosis" and "Meniere's Syndrome" after internal medicine, orthopedics, neurology, and neurosurgery examinations. Transferred back to Chengdu, the condition did not improve. Came for consultation in November of the same year.
[First Visit] Bedridden, unconscious, palpitations and panting, dyspnea, frequent severe headaches, feeling as if tightly bound by an iron hoop, severe dizziness feeling like heaven and earth spinning. Stiffness of head and neck, cold hands and feet, generalized edema, loss of appetite, only ingested a little liquid food in the past three days. Numbness in both hands, dull sensation, scanty urine, stool initially constipated then loose. Irregular menstruation, three or four times a month, dark color, many blood clots. Pale complexion, swollen eye bags and cheekbones, dark circles around eyes, dark and dull tongue body, slippery and turbid greasy white coating, minute and fine pulse. This syndrome belongs to the Two Yin of Taiyin and Shaoyin, with Spleen and Kidney Yang deficiency worsening day by day, becoming Deficiency Labor. The method should regulate Yin and Yang, facilitate Qi transformation, and expel fluid retention, primarily using Gui Zhi Qu Shao Yao Jia Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Removing Peony plus Ephedra, Asari, and Prepared Aconite Decoction).
Prescription:
Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 10g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 30g Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) 30g Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 10g Liao Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) 6g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 60g (decocted for a long time)
Three doses
[Second Visit] After taking the above prescription for three doses, consciousness gradually cleared, severe headache reduced, able to lie semi-recumbent in bed, take the original prescription for another eight doses.
[Third Visit] Body swelling and hand numbness slightly improved, consciousness cleared; still headache and dizziness. Limbs feel heavy, panting and fatigue upon slight movement. Coating slightly less greasy, condition turning; only Yang Qi weak, Yin-Cold stagnation deep. Although the prescription matches the syndrome, the strength is insufficient. Increase Fu Zi (Aconiti Radix) in the original prescription to 120g; additionally add Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Pao Jiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g each, to enhance the effect of warming meridians and dispersing Cold, removing chronic Cold in Zang and Fu organs. Take continuously for ten doses, headache and dizziness significantly reduced, able to get up and move slightly. Reduce Fu Zi (Aconiti Radix) in the original prescription to 60g, remove Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma), take another ten doses.
[Fourth Visit] Headache stopped, slight dizziness remains. After prolonged activity, slight palpitations and panting. Edema no longer obvious, stiffness of head, neck, and limbs disappeared, limbs gradually warm, food intake increased, various symptoms significantly improved. However, the chronic disease has lasted long, Spleen and Kidney Yang deficiency is severe, must further warm the middle and strengthen the Spleen, support Yang and tonify Kidney, consider both Yin and Yang, prescribe Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) with modifications to take slowly.
Prescription:
Dang Shen (Codonopsis Radix) 30g Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Chao Bai Zhu (Stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 20g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 20g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 60g (decocted for a long time) Fu Ling (Poria) 20g Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae Semen) 30g Gou Qi (Lycii Fructus) 20g Lu Jiao Jiao (Colla Cornus Cervi) 30g (melted) Gui Ban Jiao (Colla Testudinis Carapacis et Plastrum) 30g (melted)
Shang Rou Gui (Superior Cortex Cinnamomi) 12g (dissolved in the decoction)
Took the above prescription for over a month and recovered. Follow-up on December 25, 1979: The patient talked about the treatment process, spirit excited, no recurrence for five years, undertook all housework, body normal.
[Commentary] This case dragged on for a long time, complex condition,酿致 (resulting in) chronic illness, presenting various weakness syndromes, thus belonging to Deficiency Labor. According to Six-Meridian syndrome differentiation, cold hands and feet, palpitations and listlessness, inability to eat and spontaneous diarrhea, pale tongue and white coating, is actually simultaneous disease of Taiyin and Shaoyin, a scene of pervasive Yin Qi. Further analysis, dizziness and blurred vision, pain like tight binding; generalized edema, numbness and insensitivity of upper limbs; spontaneous loose diarrhea. This is Yin Qi ascending, Yang Qi sinking, Yin and Yang separated, Qi and Blood lacking control, Fluid Retention fighting with Qi, obstructing the whole body. The *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) Gui Zhi Qu Shao Yao Jia Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Removing Peony plus Ephedra, Asari, and Prepared Aconite Decoction) formula originally governs "Qi division, hardness under the heart... caused by Fluid Retention." You Yi commented: "Qi division means Cold pathogen takes advantage of Yang Qi deficiency to cause disease in Qi." "Do not directly attack Qi, but use pungent-sweet-warm medicines to move Yang to transform Qi." Kudo Kyukei said: Used this decoction to treat various Qi and Blood deficiency damaged diseases, often achieving miraculous effects.... According to Jingui, when Yin and Yang are harmonious, Qi flows; when Great Qi turns, Qi scatters. Thus, this formula was prescribed (quoted from *Fang Han Kou Jue*). Now adapted for this case, using the principle that Cold pathogen takes advantage of Yang deficiency to cause disease in Qi, to nourish Ying and Wei, move Yang to transform Qi, assist Yang to transform Fluid Retention, disperse Cold pathogen, and various symptoms will naturally be resolved.
Taiyang-Shaoyin Syndrome Headache
Li XX, Male, 48 years old. Old Red Army soldier of a PLA unit.
[Medical History] In December 1957, suffered from severe headache, worse at night. During pain, felt head tightening to the size of an egg, like being tightly bound by an iron hoop, unable to sleep. Hospitalized for over eight months in Sichuan XX Hospital, cause unknown, treated as "Neurasthenia". Took sleeping pills daily to forcibly control. After discharge, when headache recurred, shoulder and back pain like binding was added. Transferred to army XX Hospital, treated with sleep therapy etc. Entered XX Hospital again, treated as "Hysteria". Condition did not improve, forced to take full leave. Severe pain occurred one to several times daily. When developing severely, stiff tongue and dull eyes, unable to lift hands, unable to move feet, unable to speak. Came for consultation in 1965.
[First Visit] Severe headache, radiating to shoulders and back, occurring several times daily. Mental fatigue and shortness of breath, limb weakness, cold hands and feet, frequent diarrhea. Sallow complexion, dark and dull tongue body, yellow coating mixed with white, thick and greasy at the root. This is Taiyang-Shaoyin syndrome, old Cold accumulated deeply for many years, exterior and interior pathogens intertwined and difficult to resolve. The method should support Yang and release the exterior, vigorously expel Yin-Cold. Primarily use Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Ephedra, Asari, and Prepared Aconite Decoction) with modifications.
Prescription:
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 10g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 60g (decocted for a long time) Liao Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) 6g Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 12g Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 120g Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 30g
[Second Visit] Took the above prescription continuously for over ten doses, headache reduced, other symptoms same as before. Disease heavy, medicine light, cooked Fu Zi decocted for a long time, difficult to achieve effect. Ordered to double the dose of Fu Zi in the above prescription, change long decoction of Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) to brief decoction (add other herbs twenty minutes after boiling). Advised to take as much as possible, if body feels numb, even losing sensation, do not be alarmed, let it recover spontaneously.
Prescription:
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 10g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 120g (briefly decocted) Liao Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) 6g Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 12g Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 60g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 120g Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 30g
Patient followed the method and took it, waiting for the medicinal effect to occur after taking. Half an hour later, walking leisurely in the courtyard, suddenly fell down. Carried into the bedroom by family, quickly regained consciousness. Except for whole-body numbness, no obvious discomfort. After getting up, fell to the ground again, flowing out a considerable amount of clear sticky mucus from the mouth. Gradually returned to normal state after several hours. Interval of several days, repeated once according to the above method. From then on, severe pain for many years significantly reduced, the suffering of tight箍 (hoop) heavy pressure on head, shoulders, and back, all released. Afterwards, continued to take the initial prescription with Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) long-decocted for another two months, and the disease was basically cured. For over ten years, no recurrence.
Follow-up on October 31, 1979: Patient is over sixty years old, talking cheerfully, introducing various experiences of suffering from this strange disease for twenty years, extremely emotional.
[Commentary] The severe headache in this case, like being bound by ropes, similar to wearing a "tight hoop", is due to Cold-Damp pathogen accumulating for a long time, entering the interior along the Taiyang meridian, accumulating day by day and deepening without resolving. This is what is called "Cold entering the Shaoyin meridian, and externally connecting to Taiyang." Using Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Ephedra, Asari, and Prepared Aconite Decoction) with modifications, vigorously expels the stagnation of exterior and interior Cold-Damp. Qian Huang calls this formula a "miraculous agent for warming meridians and dispersing Cold," which is indeed a statement of clinical experience.
Taiyang-Shaoyin Syndrome Chest Bi
Chen XX, Female, 32 years old. Farmer from a township in Chengdu.
[Medical History] In August 1976, during pregnancy, contracted external pathogen, headache, body pain, insomnia, especially chest and back pain, chest fullness and oppression were severe. Afraid that taking medicine would disturb the fetus and cause premature birth, did not receive treatment. Seven days postpartum, just when the earthquake occurred, slept outdoors, condition worsened. Went to several hospitals in the province and city for chest fluoroscopy, electrocardiogram, ultrasound and other examinations, all normal, diagnosed as "Neurasthenia". Came for consultation in early November 1977.
[First Visit] Chest pain for over a year, fullness and discomfort, hiccupping and Qi obstruction. Aversion to cold, dizziness, tinnitus like cicadas, bone and joint soreness, poor appetite, many dreams, dysmenorrhea, many blood clots. Tongue body slightly pale, slippery yellow coating. This is contracting external pathogen before delivery, emptying of Blood Sea after delivery, invaded by Cold-Damp, Cold coagulation and Qi stagnation, blocking Chest Yang, Clear Yang not ascending, thus appearing chest fullness, dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia, body pain and other symptoms, also commonly known as "Postpartum Cold". The method should assist Yang to transform Qi, warm meridians and disperse Cold. Primarily use Gui Zhi Qu Shao Yao Jia Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Removing Peony plus Ephedra, Asari, and Prepared Aconite Decoction).
Prescription:
Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 10g Pao Jiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 15g Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) 20g Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 10g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 60g (decocted for a long time) Liao Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) 6g Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) 10g
Three doses
[Second Visit] After taking the above prescription, chest pain reduced, dizziness and tinnitus improved, still feel body pain, cold pain in lower abdomen before menstruation. Shaoyin Yang deficiency, Wind-Cold-Damp depression and closure unresolved, modify the original prescription, additionally assist with blood-invigorating and stasis-resolving products to regulate menstrual blood.
Prescription:
Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 10g Pao Jiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 12g Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 10g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 30g (decocted for a long time) Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) 10g Xu Yu Tan (Capillaris Carbonisata) 30g Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 10g
Advised to take this prescription until menstruation starts, then stop.
[Third Visit] Took the above prescription for four doses, menstruation started. Menstrual color, volume, and pain all greatly improved, chest pain, dizziness, tinnitus, body pain, insomnia, and poor appetite also significantly reduced. Remove Pao Jiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma), Xu Yu Tan (Capillaris Carbonisata), Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) from the original prescription, add Fu Ling (Poria) for calming the Spirit and draining Dampness.
Prescription:
Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) 10g Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 30g Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 12g Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) 20g Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) 10g Zhi Fu Pian (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 30g (decocted for a long time)