味辛苦。性寒。有毒。禀天地阴寒之气以生。畏玉竹。忌葱菜及菘菜。伏砒石。得甘
止疟。
【主治】主伤寒寒热。热发温疟。鬼毒。胸中痰结吐逆。（本经）疗鬼蛊往来。水胀洒
洒
恶寒
热。腹
【归经】入肺心肝三经。为吐痰截疟行水之品。（兼通剂 功专治诸疟）
【前论】雷 曰。春夏用茎叶名蜀漆。秋冬用根名常山。时珍曰。常山蜀漆有劫痰截疟
之功
瀛曰。
之效。
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡真气虚者忌用。
【炮制】士材曰。常山生用则吐。与甘草同必不吐。若酒浸炒透用钱许。每见奇功。未
必吐
味苦。性微寒。无毒。正得天地阴寒之气而生。
【主治】主咳嗽上气。（别录）治肺热。润肺。（甄权）治传尸骨蒸劳。治疳积。杀蛔虫
寸白虫
【归经】入肺经。为润肺杀虫之品。
【前论】仲淳曰。百部根正得天地阴寒之气。故蜀本云微寒。日华子言苦。若本经言微
温者
鳌按、纲目以百部为气温而不寒。寒嗽宜之。天冬性寒而不热。热嗽宜之。以此分别。
夫百
【禁忌】经疏曰。百部味苦。脾虚胃弱人。宜兼保脾安胃药同用。庶不伤胃气。凡用。
酒浸
味微辛咸。性温。无毒。禀春夏之气而生。升也。阳也。忌茗、曲。
【主治】主诸风。宣通五脏。去腹内冷滞。心膈痰水。久积症瘕。 癖气块。膀胱宿脓
恶水
肠风邪
【归经】入膀胱经。为行气祛风之品。（痛风要药 宣疏五脏通行十二经络）
【前论】丹溪曰。威灵仙属木。治痛风要药也。上下皆宜。其性好走。亦可横行。朝服
暮效
指麻
浮
真气。即痛风亦当分新久。新痛属寒。宜辛温药。久痛属热。宜清凉药。河间谓暴热非热。
久病非寒是也
【禁忌】经疏曰。风药性升而燥。走而不守。凡病非风湿。及阳盛火升。血虚有热。表
虚有
[Changshan (Dichroa Root)]
Taste: Acrid, Bitter. Nature: Cold. Toxicity: Toxic. It is generated by inheriting the Yin-Cold Qi of Heaven and Earth. It fears Yuzhu (Polygonatum Odoratum). It is contraindicated with Congbai (Allium Fistulosum), vegetables, and Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis). It can subdue Pishi (Arsenic). When combined with sweet herbs, it stops malaria.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold and heat alternating in Shanghan (Cold Damage), warm malaria characterized by fever, Guidu (venomous diseases or parasitic infections resembling ghosts/demons), and vomiting due to phlegm accumulation in the chest. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Treats Gu蛊 disease (parasitic disease) causing alternating cold and heat, aversion to cold with shivering, fever, abdominal...
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung, Heart, and Liver meridians. It is a substance for expelling phlegm, arresting malaria, and promoting water metabolism. (As a general unblocking agent, its efficacy is specialized in treating various types of malaria.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Lei Xiao stated: In spring and summer, the stems and leaves are used and called Shuqi (Dichroae Caulis et Folium); in autumn and winter, the root is used and called Changshan. Li Shizhen stated: Changshan and Shuqi have the effect of seizing phlegm and arresting malaria. Zhao Ying stated: ...
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong stated: Those with deficiency of True Qi should avoid using it.
[Processing] Shen Shicai stated: Raw Changshan induces vomiting; when used together with Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), it will certainly not induce vomiting. If soaked in wine and stir-fried thoroughly, using only a small amount (approx. 1 qian), it often yields miraculous results without necessarily inducing vomiting.
[Baiibu (Stemonae Radix)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Slightly Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It is generated by precisely inheriting the Yin-Cold Qi of Heaven and Earth.
[Indications] Primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi. (From *Bencao Jing Jiu Zhu*) Treats Lung Heat, moistens the Lung. (From Zhen Quan) Treats Chuanshun Guzheng Lao (consumptive disease like tuberculosis with bone-steaming fever), treats Ganji (pediatric malnutrition due to parasites/indigestion), kills Ascaris lumbricoides and Taenia saginata (pinworms/roundworms).
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung meridian. It is a substance for moistening the Lung and killing parasites.
[Preliminary Discussion] Chen Shigong stated: The root of Baiibu precisely inherits the Yin-Cold Qi of Heaven and Earth, hence *Shu Bencao* states it is slightly cold, while *Ri Hua Zi Bencao* mentions its bitter taste. If *Shennong Bencao Jing* states it is slightly warm...
Zhao's Commentary: *Bencao Gangmu* considers Baiibu to be warm in nature rather than cold, making it suitable for cold-type coughs; Tiandong (Asparagi Radix) is cold in nature but not hot, making it suitable for heat-type coughs. This distinguishes them. Regarding Baiibu...
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong stated: Due to its bitter taste, individuals with Spleen deficiency and weak Stomach should use it concurrently with herbs that protect the Spleen and stabilize the Stomach, so as not to damage Stomach Qi. Whenever Baiibu is used, it should be soaked in wine.
[Weilingxian (Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma)]
Taste: Slightly Acrid, Salty. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It is generated by inheriting the Qi of Spring and Summer. It has an ascending nature and belongs to Yang. It is contraindicated with tea and Qu (fermented grain starter).
[Indications] Primarily treats various Wind pathogens. It promotes circulation through the Five Viscera, removes cold stagnation in the abdomen, phlegm-fluids in the heart and diaphragm, long-standing Zhengjia (abdominal masses), Piqi masses (subcostal lumps), pus and foul fluids retained in the Bladder, and intestinal wind pathogenic factors...
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Bladder meridian. It is a substance for moving Qi and dispelling Wind. (A key herb for gout, it disseminates and soothes the Five Viscera and unblocks the Twelve Meridians.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhu Danxi stated: Weilingxian belongs to Wood and is a key herb for treating gout. It is suitable for both upper and lower parts. Its nature is agile and mobile, capable of moving horizontally. Taken in the morning, effects are seen by evening... finger numbness... floating pulse... True Qi. Even in cases of gout, one must distinguish between new and old conditions. New pain belongs to Cold and is suitable for Acrid-Warm herbs; old pain belongs to Heat and is suitable for Cooling herbs. Liu Hejian’s statement that "acute heat is not true heat, and chronic illness is not true cold" refers to this principle.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong stated: Wind-dispelling herbs have an ascending and drying nature, moving freely without staying put. They are contraindicated in conditions not caused by Wind-Dampness, as well as in cases of Excess Yang with rising Fire, Blood deficiency with Heat, and Exterior deficiency with...