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[Hai] When heat accumulates in the meridians and collaterals of infants, causing sores to appear on the head, face, and body, Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) can be used with added Gualou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), each half a qian, decocted and taken orally.

[Tang] For infants suffering from malignant sores, if the weather is mild, frequent bathing and changing of clothes should be provided; this method is called "external venting" (Wai Xuan), and internal medication is not advisable at this time. If an infant must take medicine out of necessity, this constitutes a purgative method. If proper nursing is maintained, what disease could invade? Furthermore, breastfeeding should be regulated, avoiding overfeeding, so that the child's body becomes as robust as a medicinal tree; this is the principle of health preservation.

[Tang] Formula for treating malignant sores: Frequent bathing ensures peace and health, while external venting prevents illness. In spring, use willow twigs and Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba); in summer, use jujube leaves and huai zhi (Sophorae Tomentosae Ramulus); in autumn and winter, use Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix). All are decocted in water for bathing.

Jia Wei Qiang Huo San (Modified Qiang Huo Powder): Treats infantile urticaria caused by the invasion of wind, cold, summer-heat, and dampness into the skin, accompanied by aversion to cold, fever, and generalized pruritus.
Ingredients: Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix) (each 1 liang); Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix), Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) (each 0.5 liang); Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum, whiskers removed), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) (each 2 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush the herbs. Take 3 qian per dose, add one cup of water and three slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct until reduced to 0.6 cups, and take at any time.

Dang Gui Yin Zi (Angelica Decoction): Treats blood stasis in the heart vessels and internal accumulation of wind-heat in infants, manifesting as generalized sores and scabies on the skin, swelling, itching, or oozing pus.
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Radix, radix removed), Chi Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Bilibi (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried, thorns removed), Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, radix removed) (each 1 liang); Heshouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, radix removed), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) (each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush the herbs. Take 4 qian per dose, add one cup of water and three slices of ginger, decoct until reduced to 0.6 cups, and take without restriction of time.

Sores and scabies caused by fetal toxin result from inheriting fetal heat, maternal dietary toxins during pregnancy, or fire from the seven emotions. Initially resembling dry tinea, it later presents with copious oozing pus or crusting. Lesions on both ears and eyebrows, or between the hairline behind and around the ears, belong to the Hand-Shaoyang Meridian. Lesions on the four limbs belong to the Spleen and Stomach Meridians. Lesions on the hypochondrium belong to the Liver Meridian. Lesions on the forehead belong to the Heart Meridian. Lesions on the occiput belong to the Bladder Meridian. Lesions on the chin and cheeks belong to the Kidney Meridian. Treatment should follow the specific meridian involved, the balance of the five zang organs, and factors such as the wet-nurse's consumption of rich foods or emotional anger. One should not arbitrarily use Huadu Wan (Detoxifying Pill) or Xijiao Wan (Rhinoceros Horn Pill); otherwise, if the primordial qi is damaged and other syndromes develop, treatment becomes particularly difficult. An infant with generalized lesions was cured by Niuhuang Jiedu Wan (Calculus Bovis Detoxification Pill), except for crusting, itching, and oozing on the head, indicating inherited deficiency-heat of the Kidney Meridian; he was cured using Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill) and Jiedu San (Detoxification Powder). Another infant with itchy lesions at the hairline had a mother with Liver Fire; she was treated with Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) plus Loulu (Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba), along with Niuhuang Jiedu Wan and Jiedu San, resulting in cure. (Jiedu San is also known as Tuodu San). An infant with lesions starting at the left ear hairline and spreading to the head with itching had inherited heat-toxin from the Liver and Gallbladder meridians; he was cured using Chaihu Qinggan San (Bupleurum Liver-Clearing Powder), administered to both mother and child. After relapse due to indulgence in rich foods, with oozing pus and redness on the right cheek, indicating Stomach heat, Qingwei San (Stomach-Clearing Powder) was used first, followed by Chaihu Qinggan San for Liver Fire, administered to both, along with Lixiao San (Rapid-Efficacy Powder) and Niuhuang Jiedu Wan, leading to cure. An infant with lesions on both eyebrows spreading to the whole body and limbs, with oozing pus and alternating chills and fever, had accumulated heat in the Liver and Spleen; he was cured using Qingwei San, Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), and Lixiao San. Later, recurrence on the eyebrows with eye twitching and turbid urine was cured using Siwei Fei'er Wan (Four-Ingredient Fat-Nourishing Pill) and Jiwei Lushui Wan (Nine-Ingredient Aloe Pill). An infant whose condition persisted due to the wet-nurse's disregard for emotional regulation and diet was cured when the mother took Qingwei San and Xiao Yao San, and the infant took Niuhuang Jiedu Wan. Subsequent ingestion of sweets caused lesions on the eyebrows with itching, pain, and eye twitching; this was cured using Siwei Fei'er Wan as the main formula, assisted by Jia Wei Xiao Yao San and Qingwei San. An infant with generalized lesions, severe on the hypochondrium, was cured using Siwei Fei'er Wan and Lixiao San for the child, and Chaihu Zhizi San (Bupleurum and Gardenia Powder) for the mother.

Niuhuang Jiedu Wan (Calculus Bovis Detoxification Pill): Treats fetal toxin sores and boils, as well as all types of carbuncles and ulcers.
Ingredients: Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, 3 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, 1 liang), Cao Zihache (Placenta Humana, 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Form pills with refined honey, and administer appropriate doses according to the infant's age.

Lixiao San (Rapid-Efficacy Powder): Treats temporal sores, otitis externa, and all types of sores and scabies.
Ingredients: Dingfen (Lead Carbonate Powder), Songxiang (Pini Resina), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Kufan (Alumen Ustums) (each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind each ingredient separately into fine powder. Mix with clear sesame oil or candle oil for topical application.

Fuyao Jiedu San (Topical Detoxification Powder): Treats all toxic sores, wind-rashes, itching, and pain.
Ingredients: Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Hanshuishi (Calcitum) (equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Mix with water for topical application. If broken with oozing pus, mixing with Danggui Gao (Angelica Ointment) or clear candle oil is especially effective.

Chaihu Zhizi San (Bupleurum and Gardenia Powder) [for fever]; Siwei Fei'er Wan (Four-Ingredient Fat-Nourishing Pill) [for malnutrition/infantile disease]; Jiwei Lushui Wan (Nine-Ingredient Aloe Pill) [for malnutrition/infantile disease]; Jinhuang San (Golden Yellow Powder) [for bullous eruptions].

Heat-toxin sores and scabies result from early weaning, preference for sweet and fatty foods causing internal organ heat accumulation, maternal consumption of rich foods, or internal fire from the seven emotions. One must differentiate the cause based on the affected organs and distinguish deficiency from excess to regulate qi and blood and balance the overacting elements. For excess heat in the Liver Meridian, use Chaihu Qinggan San; for deficiency heat, use Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill). For excess heat in the Heart Meridian, use Daochi San (Guide Out Red Powder); for deficiency heat, use Buxin Tang (Heart-Nourishing Decoction). For excess heat in the Spleen Meridian, use Xiehuang San (Spleen-Clearing Powder); for deficiency heat, use Buzhong Tang (Middle-Supporting Decoction). For excess heat in the Lung Meridian, use Xiebai San (Lung-Clearing Powder); for deficiency heat, use Wuwei Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Merit Powder). For Kidney heat, use Liuwei Dihuang Wan. Generally, cold hands and feet indicate deficiency-cold; hot hands and feet indicate excess-heat. A deep, rapid, forceful pulse with thirst for cold drinks and dry, hard stool indicates pathogenic factors in the interior, requiring internal purgation. A floating, rapid, forceful pulse with thirst for cold drinks indicates pathogenic factors in the exterior, requiring dispersal. A large, floating pulse that is weak upon pressure, or thirst for warm drinks with poor appetite, indicates deficiency of true qi with false heat; regulating the Spleen and Stomach will lead to spontaneous recovery. Cold-natured medicines must never be used to avoid further damaging true qi. Infants should primarily be treated by regulating the wet-nurse. An infant with lesions between the ribs, presenting with malaria-like chills and fever and frequent urination, had inherited Liver Fire; he was cured using Chaihu Qinggan San followed by Jia Wei Xiao Yao San. Relapse occurred later due to the wet-nurse's Liver Fire; she was treated with Jia Wei Xiao Yao San and Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) plus Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) and Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), administered to both mother and child, resulting in cure. An infant with abdominal lesions, fever, bloody stools, sallow complexion, poor appetite, occasional vomiting or diarrhea, intermittent cold extremities, and a wiry, rapid pulse at the right guan position had weak Spleen earth with Liver Fire pathology; he was initially treated with Wuwei Yigong San plus Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), and Zhizi to benefit Liver Qi and clear Liver Fire, followed by Dihuang Wan to nourish Kidney Water and generate Liver Blood, leading to cure. An infant with lesions on the inner thigh, red and persistent, with fever and variable facial color (red or cyanotic), had inherited Kidney Yin deficiency with flourishing Wood-Fire; he was initially treated with Chaihu Zhizi San to clear Liver and Heart heat, followed by Dihuang Wan to tonify Liver and Kidneys, resulting in cure. An infant with elbow lesions, thirst for cold drinks, and a rapid but weak pulse at the right cun and guan positions had accumulated Stomach heat transmitting to the Lung Meridian; he gradually improved with Xiehuang San and Xiebai San, and was finally cured using Wuwei Yigong San and Siwei Fei'er Wan. An infant who indulged in rich and sweet foods developed lesions on the shoulder blades spreading to the whole body with oozing; this was heat from diet injuring Spleen blood, cured initially with Qingwei San and Xiehuang San. Due to weak constitution and qi, Wuwei Yigong San was used to restore primordial qi.

Various gan sores and scabies result from Spleen and Stomach deficiency, loss of internal fluids, and reckless movement of deficiency fire, or wet-nurse exposure to six excesses and seven emotions, improper diet and lifestyle affecting the infant. Differentiate the cause and balance the affected meridians. Cyan complexion with chills and fever, or white film covering the eyes, indicates Liver Meridian syndrome. Red face with body heat, thirst, palpitations, and fright indicate Heart Meridian syndrome. Sallow face with emaciation, thirst, and diarrhea indicate Spleen Meridian syndrome. Pale face with cough, or sores in the nose, indicate Lung Metal syndrome. Dark complexion with emaciation, or preference for lying on damp ground, indicates Kidney Meridian syndrome. Infants should be treated by regulating the wet-nurse. Failure to examine the balance of the five zang organs and the reality/deficiency of form and disease, and blindly using toxic-resolving methods, often leads to untreatable conditions.

[Tang] Topical Sores Formula: Jiandaocao (Scutellaria Barbata Herb), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix). Equal parts, ground into powder. Clean the area first, then mix with Sesame Oil and Qingfen (Calomelas) for application.

[Tian] Methods for treating sores and tinea: For impetigo (Jinyin Chuang), apply Ku Hu San (Bitter Bottle Powder). For dry tinea, apply natural juice pressed from Yangti Gen (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) mixed with Nifen (Calomelas). For wet tinea, apply Qingjin San (Green Gold Powder).

Ku Hu San (Bitter Bottle Powder): Treats infantile impetigo that spreads continuously.
Ingredients: Ku Hu (Benincasa hispida fruit, 2 liang), She Tui (Bombyx Batryticatus, burnt to ash), Feng Fang (Vespa Nest, slightly stir-fried) (each 0.5 liang), Liang Shang Chen (Dust from the top beam, 1 he).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Mix with raw sesame oil, spread on cloth, and apply as a plaster.

Qingjin San (Green Gold Powder): Treats infantile wet tinea and impetigo.
Ingredients: Bai Jiaoxiang (Elemi Resin, ground, 1 liang), Qingfen (Calomelas, 0.5 liang), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, 2.5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Dust dry onto the sores.

*Milu* treats infantile wind-rash: Dissolve 12 fen of Baifan (Alumen) in hot wine, dip horsehair into the wine, and apply.

[Shan] Infantile ulcerated sores on the head and face: Pound Mu'er (Auricularia Auricula-Judae) finely, mix with honey, and apply. Alternatively, mix Pingwei San (Stomach-Calming Powder) with cold water for application; change when dry.