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The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: "Deficiency and excess arise from [the nature of the disease]. Protrusion indicates deficiency, while retraction indicates excess." Is rectal prolapse not a case of deficiency? Generally, excess conditions manifest as warmth; warmth implies that internal qi is abundant and retained. Deficiency conditions manifest as cold; cold implies that internal qi is depleted and unable to retain. Moreover, the large intestine's fluids vary in thickness or thinness, and it forms an interior-exterior relationship with the Lung. If heat accumulates in the Lung, constipation occurs; if the Lung is deficient, prolapse ensues. The Materia Medica states: "Tonification can remove weakness, and astringency can eliminate prolapse." In cases of severe prolapse, tonification must be combined with astringency. If internal astringency is insufficient, external astringents are also required. Ancient prescriptions use powder of *Galla Chinensis* (Wubeizi, 五倍子) to support and retract the tissue. If one application fails to reduce it, five to seven applications will surely achieve reduction and prevent recurrence. This condition often affects those with chronic diarrhea, women, children, and the elderly. For women, excessive straining during childbirth and chronic dysentery contributes to it; for children, their qi and blood are not yet robust; for the elderly, their qi and blood have declined. Thus, the anus easily protrudes and cannot be constrained. The anus is the external manifestation of the large intestine. Both heat and cold affecting the large intestine can cause prolapse; therefore, one must examine the etiology and syndrome. For cold syndromes, wash with a decoction of equal parts *Rhizoma Cyperi* (Xiangfu, 香附子) and *Herba Schizonepetae* (Jingjie, 荆芥). For heat syndromes, wash with a decoction of *Galla Chinensis* (Wubeizi, 五倍子) and *Natrii Sulfas* (Puxiao, 朴硝). Alternatively, burn *Herba Equiseti* (Muzei, 木贼) to ash without letting the smoke escape completely, add a small amount of *Moschus* (Shexiang, 麝香), and apply a little after defecation. Or, spread *Galla Chinensis* powder on paper, apply to the anus, and gently massage it in. If the prolapsed tissue itches, it indicates intestinal parasites. In men, this may result from excessive alcohol and sexual indulgence. The large intestine is the official of conduction. The Kidney is the official of strength. Generally, Kidney deficiency depletes the mother qi (referring to the Metal-Water generation cycle where Lung is Mother of Kidney, implying Lung Qi deficiency due to Kidney essence depletion), leading to Lung deficiency. With no master of Qi in the large intestine, spontaneous prolapse occurs. Treatment involves using formulas to tonify primordial qi and clear latent heat, combined with external washing as described above; such treatment is invariably curative. For severe large intestine heat accompanied by wind-intestinal bleeding, use *Liangxue Qingchang San* (Cool Blood and Clear Intestine Powder). After dysentery or diarrhea, if the large intestine qi is deficient and the anus prolapses without swelling or pain, it belongs to qi and blood deficiency. Prioritize tonifying qi and blood. Use *Bazhen Tang* (Eight Treasure Decoction) or *Shiquan San* (Ten Complete Powder). For redness, swelling, and pain, prioritize cooling blood and dispelling wind. Use *Sheng Dihuang* (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), *Chi Shao* (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), *Flos Sophorae* (Huaihua, 槐花), *Fructus Sophorae* (Huaijiao, 槐角), *Fructus Trichosanthis* (Gualou, 栝蒌), and *Flos Celosiae Cristatae* (Jiguanhua, 鸡冠花) to cool blood. Use *Fangfeng* (Radix Saposhnikoviae), *Qianghuo* (Rhizoma Notopterygii), and *Jingjie* (Herba Schizonepetae) to dispel wind. For chronic diarrhea and dysentery, tonify and nourish the Spleen and Stomach; use *Shenzhu Shipi Tang* (Ginseng and Atractylodes Spleen-Strengthening Decoction). For excessive straining, use *Shiquan Dabu Tang* (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction), *Shenzhu Xiongui Tang* (Ginseng, Atractylodes, Ligusticum, and Angelica Decoction), or *Hezi Renshen Tang* (Chebula and Ginseng Decoction), adding herbs that lift qi internally. For large intestine deficiency with accompanying heat, presenting with red and swollen prolapse, use *Suosha Tang* (Amomum Decoction), *Huaihua San* (Sophora Flower Powder), or *Bohe San* (Mint Powder). For large intestine deficiency with accompanying cold, presenting with non-red, non-swollen prolapse, use *Pi San* (Bark Powder) or *Xiangjing San* (Cyperi and Schizonepeta Powder). For chronic non-healing cases, frequently take *Shouchang Yangxue Heqi Tang* (Intestine-Collecting, Blood-Nourishing, and Qi-Harmonizing Decoction). For astringing prolapse, use *Longgu San* (Dragon Bone Powder) or *Sichang San* (Intestine-Astringing Powder). External treatments: For Yang syndromes, use *Panlong San* (Coiling Dragon Powder). For Yin syndromes, use *Fulonggan San* (Settled Dragon Liver Powder). Wash with decoction of *Galla Chinensis* powder plus *Alumen* (Baifan, 白矾). Wash with strong decoction of *Galla Chinensis*, *Schizonepeta*, and urine. Wash with decoction of *Schizonepeta*, *Mentha Haplocalycis* (Longnao Bohe, 龙脑薄荷), and *Natrii Sulfas*. Crush *Gleditsia Sinensis* (Zaojiao, 皂角), decoct, and soak. Soak in juice of fresh *Trichosanthes kirilowii* (Gualou, 栝蒌). Soften with scallion water, support with *Musa basjoo* leaf (Bajiaoye, 芭蕉叶). Boil three jin (approx. 1.5 kg) of raw iron in ten dou (approx. 10 liters) of water until reduced to five sheng (approx. 2.5 liters), remove the iron, and wash with the liquid. Internally take *Cishi San* (Porcelain Stone Powder). Apply ash from roasted turtle head.