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The *San Yin Fang* (Treatise on Three Causes) states: Epistaxis (nosebleed) occurs when pathogenic factors such as wind, cold, summer-heat, and dampness invade the meridians, surging into the clear orifices of the head. This is classified as an external cause. Accumulated anger injures the Liver; accumulated sorrow injures the Lung; excessive thinking injures the Spleen; loss of will injures the Kidney; sudden joy injures the Heart. All these can disturb blood, causing it to overflow upward with Qi, which belongs to internal causes. Excessive alcohol consumption, ingestion of roasted, fried, or pungent-hot foods, or injuries from falls and carriage accidents are neither internal nor external causes. The nose connects to the brain; when blood overflows upward to the brain, it exits through the nostrils. It is advisable to use Maohua Tang (Flower of Hemp Decoction) to administer Zhini San (Stop Nosebleed Powder), frequently drink Zhe Er Jiang (second rice-washing water), and instill Sesame Oil or Radish Juice into the nostrils. A combination of Maohua (Flower of Hemp) and Baishao Yao (White Peony Root) in equal parts is particularly stable. Stir-fried Glutinous Rice until slightly yellow, grind into powder, and take two qian with fresh well-water. Burn disordered hair to ash while preserving its nature, grind finely, and take one fangcun bi (a measure roughly equivalent to a teaspoon) with water, also insufflating into the nose. Crush Rhizoma Dayliliis (Daylily Root) for juice, mix half a cup of Ginger Juice with one cup of this juice, and sip slowly. Bamboo borings can be taken mixed with water. Baiyao Jian (Fermented Medicinal Brick), half burnt and half raw, is taken with water and wine. Baidi Mo (Bletilla Striata Powder) taken with fresh well-water is miraculous. For chronic epistaxis or sudden onset due to latent heat where other remedies fail, a divine method involves folding a large white paper into more than ten layers, soaking it in cold water, placing it on Yintang (Ex-HN3), and applying heat with a hot ironing tool until one or two layers dry, stopping the bleeding immediately. Another prescription ties the middle phalanx of the middle finger with thread; tie the left finger for left-sided bleeding, the right for right-sided, and both if bilateral. If bleeding persists, pricking Qijie (ST30) with a three-edged needle to bleed, followed by a decoction of Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), Maimendong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Huangqi (Astragalus Root), Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), and Renshen (Ginseng Root) each at one qian, taken warm on an empty stomach, is indicated. If the six pulses are fine, wiry, and choppy, feeling empty upon pressure, and the complexion is pale and dull, this indicates Blood depletion. This is a severe Cold syndrome; treat with acrid-warm herbs to tonify and nourish Blood, assisted by sweet-warm and sweet-hot lubricating agents. Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) or Xiaojianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction) may be used. If all six pulses are large but empty upon pressure, accompanied by palpitations, facial redness, fright, and upper body heat, this reflects the pulse of the Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian, indicating excess Qi and Blood loss. Use sweet-cold heavy-settling agents to drain excess Qi and anchor floating Qi, combined with sweet-acrid-warm and slightly bitter herbs to vigorously tonify Blood. Sanhuang Buxue Tang (Three Yellow Blood Tonifying Decoction) is appropriate. For excess heat epistaxis, first take Cinnabar and Gypsum Pulvis, then Magnolia Bark and Coptis Rhizome. If constipation exists, purge using Rhubarb, Mirabilite, Licorice Root, and Rehmannia Root. If diarrhea exists, use Gardenia, Scutellaria Root, Coptis Rhizome, or Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction). For cephalalgia-induced spontaneous epistaxis, where bleeding continues as long as the headache persists, use Xiongfu Yin (Ligusticum and Aconite Drink), interspersed with Yizi San (One Character Powder). For deficiency below and excess above causing epistaxis, avoid excessive cooling agents; use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Renshen, Huangqi, Maimendong, and Wuweizi, taken with ground Agarwood and Yangzheng Dan (Nourish Righteousness Pill) or Bawei Dihuang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill). For dampness-induced epistaxis, Shen Zhuo Tang (Kidney Fixation Decoction) plus Chuanxiong, named Chushi Tang (Remove Dampness Decoction). For latent summer-heat epistaxis, use Maohua Tang to regulate Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Decoction). For extreme heat in the upper jiao causing epistaxis, use Jifeicao San (Boiling Herb Powder) removing Mahuang and Banxia, adding Maohua equivalent to Jingjie, or Huangqin Shaoyao Tang (Scutellaria and Peony Decoction) with a pinch of Maohua. For deficiency, use Fuling Buxin Tang (Poria Nourishing Heart Decoction) or Shengliao Jisu San (Raw Material Mint Powder). For alcohol-induced epistaxis, Maohua Tang plus Gegen (Kudzu Root) and Jimuzi (Chicken Knees Fruit), or Lizhong Tang removing Ganjiang, adding Gegen and Maohua. For hiccups with persistent epistaxis, take Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill) or Xiaowuchen Tang (Minor Black Stagnation Decoction) dissolved in plain water. Alternatively, brew strong Perilla Decoction to take Xiaowuchen Tang alone, or add Heishen San (Black Divine Powder) taken with salt water. Suddenly splashing water on the face to startle the patient can stop the bleeding. This applies not only to hiccups but to bleeding from any of the five orifices. For recurrent epistaxis along old pathways occurring monthly or several times a month, or daily washing-induced epistaxis, reflecting the principle of "water finding another path," use Zhini San regulated by Maohua Decoction. Or use Siwu Tang plus Shichangpu (Acorus Rhizome), Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), and Puhuang (Pollen Typhae) each at half a qian, decocted, mixed with calcined Gypsum powder, and taken alongside Yangzheng Dan. If previous prescriptions fail for massive epistaxis, take more Yangzheng Dan, assisted by Suzi Jiangqi Tang (Perilla Seed Descending Qi Decoction) to guide blood downward following Qi. For dizziness after epistaxis, use Siwu Tang or Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction). If various symptoms arise after epistaxis ceases, such as alternating chills and fever, panting, insomnia, leading gradually to exhaustion, refer to the treatment of deficiency syndromes.