上除别研药外为细末，再研匀，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，加至三十丸，
不拘时，粟米饮送下。
白茯苓丸 治消肾，因消中之后，胃热入肾，消烁肾脂，令肾枯燥，遂致此疾，两
腿渐细，腰脚无力。
白茯苓 覆盆子 黄连 栝蒌根 萆 人参 熟地黄 玄参（以上各一两） 石斛（去根）
蛇床子（各七钱半） 鸡 （三十具，微炒）
上为细末，炼蜜和捣三五百杵，丸如桐子大。每服三十丸，食前煎磁石汤送下。
龙凤丸
鹿茸（一两，酒炙） 菟丝子（酒浸） 山药（各二两）
上为细末，炼蜜丸，如桐子大。每服三十丸，食前米饮送下，浓煎人参汤亦可。
一方，用面糊为丸，盐酒、盐汤任下。（一名龙肝凤髓丸。）
参 汤
人参 桔梗 天花粉 甘草（各一两） 绵黄 （盐汤浸，炙） 白芍药（各二两） 白茯苓
北五味子（各一两半）
上锉，每服四钱，水一盏半，煎八分，日进四服，留滓合煎。一方，有干葛、木瓜、乌梅。
加减八味丸 治肾水枯竭，不能上润，心火上炎，不能既济，心烦躁渴，小便频数，白
浊阴痿，饮食不多，肌肤渐削，或腿肿，脚先瘦小。
白茯苓（去皮） 牡丹皮（去骨） 泽泻（酒润，蒸。各八钱） 五味子（微炒，一两半） 山茱萸肉（焙）
肉桂（去粗皮，不见火） 熟地黄（蒸七次，焙） 山药（微炒。各二两）
上各研末秤，和匀，炼蜜丸，梧子大。五更初温酒、盐汤任下三五十丸，午前、晚间
空腹再服。此药不惟止渴，亦免生痈疽，久
服永除渴疾，气血加壮。
竹龙散（《三因》） 治消渴。
五灵脂（另研） 生黑豆（去皮。各等分）
上为末，每服二钱，不拘时，冬瓜煎汤调服，瓜叶、子皆可，一日两服，少渴者只
一服。渴止后宜八味丸，仍以五味子代附子。此方沈存中载于《灵苑方》，得效者甚多。
六神汤（《三因》） 治三消渴疾。
莲房 干葛 枇杷叶（去毛） 甘草（炙） 栝蒌根 黄 （各等分）
上为锉散，每服四钱，水一盏，煎七分，空心温服。小便不利，加茯苓。
四物汤（见鼻衄。）
芎归汤 治失血，烦热作渴，或头痛眩晕。
川芎（三钱） 当归（酒拌，五钱）
上水煎服。
甘草石膏汤 治渴病全愈再剧，舌白滑微肿，咽喉咽唾觉痛，嗌肿，时渴饮冷，白
沫如胶，饮冷乃止。（即止渴润燥汤无麻仁，有生地黄。）
忍冬丸 治渴疾愈，须预防发痈疽。
忍冬草（不以多少，根茎花叶皆可用之，一名老公须，一名蜜啜花，一名金银花，一名左缠滕，水洗净用）
上用米曲酒，于瓶内浸，以糠火煨一宿，取出晒干，入甘草少许，为末，即以所浸酒
煮糊为丸，如梧桐子大。每服五十丸至百丸，酒饮任下。一方，用忍冬草煎服。此藤凌冬
不凋，三月开花五出，黄白相间，微香，蒂带红。《外科精要》又以酒煮窨服，取时不犯
铁气，服至大小肠通利，此药到得力。用干者，不及生者效速。仍治五种飞尸，酒研传
疮亦好，但留一口泄毒瓦斯，真经效奇药也。此药不特治痈，亦能止渴，并五痔诸漏。
蓝叶散 治渴利，口干烦热，背生前疽，赤 疼痛。
蓝叶 升麻 玄参 麦门冬（去心） 黄 葛根 沉香 赤芍药 犀角屑 甘草（生
用。各一两） 大黄（二两，微炒）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一中盏，煎至六分，去滓，不拘时温服。
玄参散 治渴利烦热，生痈疽， 肿疼痛。
玄参 芒硝 大黄（微炒） 犀角屑 羚羊角屑 沉香 木香 黄 （各一两） 甘草（生用，七钱半）
上为细末，每服二钱，不拘时，用温水调下。
荠 丸 治强中为病，茎长兴盛，不交精溢自出，消渴之后，多作痈疽，皆由过服丹石所致。
荠 大豆（去皮） 茯神（去木） 磁石（ ，研极细） 玄参 石斛（去根） 栝蒌根 地骨皮（去
木） 鹿茸（各一两） 沉香（不见火） 人参（各半两） 熟地黄（酒蒸，一两）
上为细末，用猪肾一具，如食法烂煮，杵和丸，如梧桐子大。如难丸，入少酒糊丸，或
炼蜜丸亦可。每服七十丸，空心盐汤下。
紫苏汤 治消渴后遍身浮肿，心膈不利。
紫苏茎叶 桑白皮 赤茯苓（各一两） 郁李仁（去皮，炒，二两） 羚羊角（镑） 槟榔（各七钱半）
桂心（去皮） 枳壳（麸炒） 独活 木香（各半两）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，生姜半分，煎至八分，去滓，不拘时，温服。
瞿麦汤 治消渴欲成水气，面目并足膝胫浮肿，小便不利。
瞿麦穗 泽泻 滑石（各半两） 防己（七钱半） 黄芩 大黄（各二钱半） 桑螵蛸（炒，十四枚）
上 咀，每服三钱，用水一盏，煎至七分，去滓，空心温服，良久再服。
葶苈丸 治消渴后成水病浮肿。
甜葶苈（隔纸炒） 栝蒌仁 杏仁（汤浸，去皮尖及双仁者麸炒黄） 汉防己（各一两）
上为细末，炼蜜和捣一二百杵，丸如桐子大。每服三十丸，食前赤茯苓煎汤下，日三四服。
五皮饮 济生肾气丸（俱见水肿。） 中满分
消汤丸（见胀满。）
补遗人参白术汤（《儒门事亲》） 治胸膈瘅热，烦满不欲食，或瘅成为消中，善食而瘦，
或燥郁甚而消渴，多饮而数小便，或热病，或恣酒色，误服热药者，致脾胃真阴血液损虚，
肝心相搏，风热燥甚，三焦肠胃燥热怫郁，而水液不能宣行，则周身不得润泽，故瘦瘁黄
黑，而燥热消渴，虽多饮而水液终不能浸润于肠胃之外，渴不止而便注为小便多也。叔
世俗流，不明乎此，妄为下焦虚冷，误死多矣。又如周身风热燥郁，或为目瘴，痈疽疮
疡，上为喘嗽，下为痿痹，或停积而湿热内甚，不能传化者，变水肿腹胀也。凡多饮数
溲为渴，多食数溲为消中，肌肉消瘦，小便有脂液者，为消肾，此世之所传三消病也。虽
经所不载，以《内经》考之，但燥热之微甚者也。此药兼疗一切阳实阴虚，风热燥郁，头
目昏眩，风中偏枯，酒过积毒，一切肠胃涩滞壅塞，疮疥痿痹，并伤寒杂病烦渴，气液
不得宣通，并宜服之。
人参 白术 当归 芍药 大黄 山栀子 泽泻（各半两） 连翘 栝蒌根 干葛 茯
苓（各一两） 官桂 木香 藿香（各二钱半） 寒水石（二两） 甘草（三两） 石膏（四两） 滑石 芒硝（各半斤）
上为粗末，每服五钱，水一盏，姜三片，同煎至半盏，绞汁，入蜜少许，温服，渐加
至两许，无时，日三服。或得脏腑疏利亦不妨，取效更妙，后却常服之，或兼服消痞丸。
若觉肠胃结滞，或湿热内甚自利者，去大黄、芒硝。
生地黄饮子（《简易》） 治消渴咽干，面赤烦躁。
人参（去芦） 生干地黄（洗） 熟干地黄（洗） 黄 （蜜炙） 天门冬 麦门冬（俱去心） 枳壳（去
瓤，麸炒） 石斛（去根，炒） 枇杷叶（去毛，炒） 泽泻 甘草（炙。各等分）
上锉散，每服三钱，水一盏，煎至六分，去滓，食后临卧服。此方乃全用二黄丸、甘
露饮料，生精补血润燥止渴，佐以泽泻、枳壳疏导二腑，使心火下行，则小腑清利，肺
经润泽则大腑流畅，宿热既消，其渴自止，造化精深，妙无逾此。
黄 汤 治诸渴疾。
黄 （蜜炙） 茯苓（去皮木） 栝蒌根 麦门冬（去心） 生地黄 五味子 炙甘草（各一钱半）
水二盅，煎至一盅，食速服。
梅苏丸 治消渴，膈热烦躁，生津液。
白梅肉 紫苏叶 乌梅肉（各半两） 麦门冬（去心，七钱半） 百药煎（三两） 诃藜勒（煨，用皮）
人参（各二钱半） 甘草（炙，一两半）
上为细末，炼黄蜡汁和为丸，如鸡头实大。每服一丸，不拘时，含化咽津，行路解渴。
杀虫方 治消渴有虫。
苦楝根，取新白皮一握，切焙，入麝香少许，水二碗，煎至一碗，空心饮之，虽困
顿不妨。自后下虫三四条，类蛔虫而色红，其渴顿止。乃知消渴一证，有虫耗其津液。（出
《夷坚志》）
口燥咽干
《本事》黄 汤 治心中烦躁，不生津液，不思饮食。
黄 熟地黄 白芍药 五味子 麦门冬（各三两） 甘草 人参 天门冬（各五钱） 白茯苓（一两）
上 咀，每服三钱，姜、枣、乌梅煎、去滓，食后服。
参术饮 即参苓白术散。（见滞下。）
参香散（《和剂》） 治心气不宁，诸虚百损，肢体沉重，情思不乐，夜多异梦，盗汗失精，
恐怖烦悸，喜怒无时，口干咽燥，渴欲饮水，饮食减少，肌肉瘦瘁，渐成劳瘵。常服补精
血，调心气，进饮食，安神守中，功效不可具述。
人参 山药 黄 （制） 白茯苓（去皮） 石莲肉（去心） 白术（煨。各一两） 乌药 缩砂仁
橘红 干姜（炮。各半两） 丁香 南木香 檀香
（各二钱半） 沉香（二钱） 甘草（七钱半，炙）
上为锉散，每服四钱，水一大盏，生姜三片，枣一枚，煎七分，去滓，空心服。
一方，有炮附子（半两）
四君子汤（见虚劳。） 缩脾饮（见中暑。） 七珍散（见不能食。） 大补汤（见虚劳。）
干葛汤
葛根（二两） 枳实（去白，麸炒） 栀子仁 豆豉（各一两） 甘草（炙，半两）
每服四钱，水一盏，煎八分，不拘时，温服。
乌梅木瓜汤 治饮酒多，发积为酷热，熏蒸五脏，津液枯燥，血位，小便并多，肌肉
消烁，专嗜冷物寒浆。
木瓜干 乌梅（捶破，不去仁） 麦 （炒） 甘草 草果（去皮。各半两）
上锉散，每服四钱，水一盏半，姜五片，煎七分，不拘时服。
枳 子丸 治证同前。
枳 子（二两） 麝香（一钱）
上为末，面糊丸，如桐子大。每服三十丸。空心盐汤下。
三神汤 治证同前。
乌梅肉 远志（去心，甘草水煮过，用姜汁拌炒。各一两） 枳实（去瓤，一两） 夏加黄连五钱，
春秋冬不用。
上锉散，每服四钱，水二盏，糯禾根一握，煎七分，去滓，不拘时，温服。若无糯
禾根，白茅根亦可；如无白茅根，禾杆绳亦可。
防椒苈黄丸 治腹满口干舌燥，此肠间有水气也。（见胀满。）
牛黄丸 治心脾壅热，口舌干燥及烦渴。
牛黄（三分，细研） 黄连（去须） 大黄（锉，炒。各二两） 麦门冬（去心，焙，一两半） 朱砂（半两，细
研，水飞） 麝香（少许） 山栀仁 马牙硝（细研） 芎 黄芩 炙甘草（各一两）
上为细末，研匀，炼蜜和丸，如弹子大。每服一丸，食后竹叶煎汤化下。
栝蒌根散 治风热口中干燥，舌裂成疮。
栝蒌根 胡黄连 黄芩（各七钱半） 白僵蚕（炒） 白鲜皮，大黄（锉，炒。各半两） 牛黄（研）
滑石（研。各二钱半）
上为细末，研匀，每服二钱，竹叶汤调服，无时。
甘露丸 解壅毒，退风热，治口舌干燥。
寒水石（二斤，烧令赤，摊地上一宿，出火毒） 马牙硝（三两，细研） 铅霜（细研） 甘草（炙赤） 龙
脑（细研，各七钱半）
上为细末，研匀，以糯米饭和丸，如弹子大。每服半丸，食后用新汲水磨化服。
含化丸 治上焦烦热，口舌干燥，心神不清，头目不利。
石膏（细研，水飞过） 寒水石（研细） 白蜜（各半斤）
上以水四大盏，煎取一大盏半，绵滤过，入蜜同煎令稠，丸如鸡头实大。常含一丸，咽津。
Shave all herbs except those to be ground separately into a fine powder, mix evenly, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of *Coturnix japonica* (quail) seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, gradually increasing to 30 pills, at any time, swallowed with millet broth.
**Baifuling Wan (White Poria Pill)**: Treats *Xiao Shen* (Kidney Wasting-Thirst). After *Xiao Zhong* (Stomach Wasting-Thirst), stomach heat enters the kidney, burning away kidney essence, causing dryness and withering of the kidney, leading to this disease. Symptoms include gradual thinning of the legs and weakness in the waist and feet.
Herbs: Baifuling (*Poria Cocos*), Fupenzi (*Rubi Fructus*), Huanglian (*Coptidis Rhizoma*), Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Bixie (*Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma*), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Shudihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata*), Xuanshen (*Scrophulariae Radix*) (each 1 liang); Shihu (*Dendrobii Caulis*, root removed), Chuangzi (*Cnidii Fructus*) (each 7 qian 5 fen); Ji Nei Jin (*Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum*) (30 pieces, lightly fried).
Preparation and Administration: Grind all herbs into a fine powder, mix with refined honey, and pound 300-500 times until uniform. Form pills the size of sesame seeds. Take 30 pills per dose before meals, swallowed with a decoction of Ci Shi (*Magnetitum*).
**Longfeng Wan (Dragon and Phoenix Pill)**
Herbs: Lurong (*Cervi Cornu Degloriatum*, 1 liang, processed with wine), Tusizi (*Cuscutae Semen*, soaked in wine), Shanyao (*Dioscoreae Rhizoma*) (each 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into a fine powder, bind with refined honey to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Take 30 pills per dose before meals, swallowed with rice water; thickly brewed Renshen decoction is also acceptable.
Alternative prescription: Bind with wheat paste, swallow with salted wine or salted water. (Also known as Longgan Fengsui Wan).
**Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction)**
Herbs: Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Jiegeng (*Platycodonis Radix*), Tianhuafen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (each 1 liang); Mian Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*, soaked in salted water, roasted), Baishao Yao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*) (each 2 liang); Baifuling (*Poria Cocos*), Bei Wuweizi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*) (each 1 liang 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into small pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1.5 sheng of water, decoct to 0.8 sheng. Administer four times daily. Reserve the dregs and decoct again. Alternative prescription: Include Gan Ge (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), Mugua (*Chaenomelis Fructus*), Wumei (*Mume Fructus*).
**Jiajian Bawei Wan (Modified Eight-Ingredient Pill)**: Treats exhaustion of Kidney Water, unable to moisten upwards; Heart Fire flaring upwards, failing to achieve mutual interaction (Water-Fire balance). Symptoms include irritability, thirst, frequent urination, white turbid discharge, impotence, reduced appetite, gradual emaciation, leg swelling, and initially thin calves.
Herbs: Baifuling (*Poria Cocos*, peeled), Mudanpi (*Moutan Cortex*), Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*, moistened with wine, steamed, each 8 qian); Wuweizi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*, lightly fried, 1 liang 5 qian); Shanzhuyu Rou (*Corni Fructus Caruncle*, baked); Rougui (*Cinnamomi Cortex*, remove rough bark, avoid fire); Shudihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata*, steamed seven times, baked); Shanyao (*Dioscoreae Rhizoma*, lightly fried, each 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind each herb separately, weigh, mix evenly, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of quail seeds. At dawn (Wu Geng), take 30-50 pills with warm wine or salted water. Take again on an empty stomach before noon and in the evening. This medicine not only relieves thirst but also prevents carbuncles and sores. Long-term use permanently cures wasting-thirst and strengthens Qi and Blood.
**Zhulong San (Bamboo Dragon Powder)** (from *San Yin Fang*): Treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst).
Herbs: Wulingzhi (*Trogopterori Faeces*, ground separately), Sheng Heidou (*Glycines Max Seed*, uncooked, peeled) (equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose at any time, mixed with Dong Gua decoction (winter melon soup). Melon leaves and seeds are also usable. Take twice daily; for mild thirst, once is sufficient. After thirst stops, take Bawei Wan, replacing Fuzi with Wuweizi. This formula was recorded by Shen Cunzhong in *Ling Yuan Fang* and has proven effective for many.
**Liushen Tang (Six-God Decoction)** (from *San Yin Fang*): Treats Three Xiao (Three Wasting-Thirstes).
Herbs: Lianfang (*Nelumbinis Calyx*), Gan Ge (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), Pipaye (*Loquat Folium*, hairs removed), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted), Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*) (equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into coarse pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.7 sheng. Take warm on an empty stomach. If urination is difficult, add Baifuling.
**Siwu Tang** (See Nosebleed section).
**Xiong Gui Tang (Szechuan Lovage and Angelica Decoction)**: Treats irritability, thirst, headache, and vertigo following blood loss.
Herbs: Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*, 3 qian), Danggui (*Angelicae Sinensis Radix*, mixed with wine, 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Decoct in water and drink.
**Gancao Shigao Tang (Licorice and Gypsum Decoction)**: Treats worsening of thirst disease after initial recovery. Symptoms include a white, slippery, slightly swollen tongue; pain when swallowing saliva; pharyngeal swelling; desire to drink cold liquids; white foam like glue; relief only after drinking cold water. (This is Zhike Rundao Tang without Mahan Ren, containing Sheng Dihuang).
**Rendong Wan (Honeysuckle Pill)**: Prevents carbuncles and sores after the cure of wasting-thirst.
Herbs: Rendong Cao (*Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis et Flos*), amount unspecified. Roots, stems, flowers, and leaves are all usable. Also known as Laogongxu, Mizhuhua, Jinyinhua, Zuochanteng. Wash clean with water.
Preparation and Administration: Soak in Mi Qu Jiu (rice yeast wine) in a bottle. Roast over bran fire overnight. Remove, dry, add a little Gancao, grind into powder. Use the soaking wine to make a paste and form pills the size of quail seeds. Take 50-100 pills per dose, swallowed with wine. Alternative: Decoct Rendong Cao and drink. This vine remains green in winter, blooms in March with five-petaled yellow-white flowers, faintly fragrant, with red calyxes. *Waike Jingyao* suggests boiling in wine and storing. Avoid iron contact during preparation. Effective when bowel movements become smooth. Dried material is less potent than fresh. Also treats Feishi (five types of flying corpse qi), and wine-grinded application to sores is good. Leave one mouthful to vent toxic vapors. It is a miraculous scripture drug. Besides treating carbuncles, it relieves thirst and treats hemorrhoids and fistulas.
**Lanye San (Isatis Leaf Powder)**: Treats thirst with diarrhea, dry mouth, irritability, heat, anterior back carbuncle, redness, and pain.
Herbs: Lanye (*Isatidis Folium*), Shengma (*Cimicifugae Rhizoma*), Xuanshen (*Scrophulariae Radix*), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*, heart removed), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*), Gegen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), Chenxiang (*Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum*), Chi Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Rubra*), Xijiao Xie (*Rhino Cerontis Cornu*, shaved), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, raw, each 1 liang); Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*, 2 liang, lightly fried).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1 zhong sheng of water, decoct to 0.6 sheng. Strain. Take warm at any time.
**Xuanshen San (Scrophularia Powder)**: Treats thirst with diarrhea, irritability, heat, carbuncles, swelling, and pain.
Herbs: Xuanshen (*Scrophulariae Radix*), Mangxiao (*Natri Sulfas*), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*, lightly fried), Xijiao Xie (*Rhino Cerontis Cornu*, shaved), Lingyangjiao Xie (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*, shaved), Chenxiang (*Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum*), Muxiang (*Aucklandiae Radix*), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*) (each 1 liang); Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, raw, 7 qian 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose at any time, mixed with warm water.
**Qini Wan (Shepherd's Purse Pill)**: Treats Qiangzhong disease (priapism-like condition), persistent erection, spontaneous seminal emission without intercourse. Post-wasting-thirst, often complicated by carbuncles and sores, caused by excessive intake of Dan Shi (cinnabar and sulfur) drugs.
Herbs: Qini (*Oroxyli Semen*), Dadou (*Glycines Max Seed*, peeled), Fushen (*Poria Cum Pinodia*, wood removed), Cishi (*Magnetitum*, calcined, ground extremely fine), Xuanshen (*Scrophulariae Radix*), Shihu (*Dendrobii Caulis*, root removed), Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Digupi (*Lycii Cortex*), Lurong (*Cervi Cornu Degloriatum*) (each 1 liang); Chenxiang (*Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum*, avoid fire), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*) (each 0.5 liang); Shudihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata*, steamed with wine, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Use one pig kidney, boil thoroughly according to culinary methods, pound and mix to form pills the size of quail seeds. If difficult to pill, add a little wine paste or refined honey. Take 70 pills per dose on an empty stomach with salted water.
**Zisu Tang (Perilla Decoction)**: Treats generalized edema after wasting-thirst, discomfort in the chest and diaphragm.
Herbs: Zisu Jingye (*Perillae Caulis et Folium*), Sangbaipi (*Mori Cortex*), Chi Fuling (*Poria Cocos cum Rubro*) (each 1 liang); Yuliren (*Pruni Semen*, peeled, fried, 2 liang); Lingyangjiao (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*, sliced); Binglang (*Arecae Semen*) (each 7 qian 5 fen); Guixin (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*, bark removed); Zhiqiao (*Aurantii Fructus*, bran-fried); Duhuo (*Angelicae Pubescentis Radix*), Muxiang (*Aucklandiae Radix*) (each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1.5 sheng of water, 0.5 slice of ginger, decoct to 0.8 sheng. Strain. Take warm at any time.
**Qumai Tang (Persicaria Decoction)**: Treats wasting-thirst progressing to water retention, edema of face, eyes, feet, knees, and shins, with difficult urination.
Herbs: Qumai Sui (*Persicariae Herba* tips), Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*), Huashi (*Talcum*) (each 0.5 liang); Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*, 7 qian 5 fen); Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*) (each 2 qian 5 fen); Sangpiaoxiao (*Mantis Oötheca*, fried, 14 pieces).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take warm on an empty stomach, repeat after some time.
**Tingli Wan (Descurainia Pill)**: Treats edema resulting from wasting-thirst.
Herbs: Tingli (*Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Seminum*, stir-fried between papers), Gualou Ren (*Trichosanthis Semen*), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*, soaked in water, peel and remove tips and double kernels, bran-fried until yellow), Han Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*) (each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey, and pound 100-200 times. Form pills the size of sesame seeds. Take 30 pills per dose before meals with Chi Fuling decoction. Take 3-4 times daily.
**Wupi Yin (Five-Peel Drink)**, **Jisheng Shenqi Wan** (See Edema section), **Zhongman Fenxiao Tang/Wan** (See Distension section).
**Supplement: Renshen Baizhu Tang** (from *Rumen Shiqin*): Treats chest and diaphragm heat, irritability, fullness, and anorexia. Or heat develops into Xiao Zhong (polyphagia with emaciation), or severe dryness/stagnation leads to Xiao Ke (polydipsia with polyuria), or after febrile disease, or due to indulgence in alcohol and sex, or misadministration of hot drugs, damaging Spleen-Stomach True Yin and Blood. Liver and Heart clash, wind-heat and dryness prevail, Three Burner and intestines/stomach suffer from dry heat stagnation, fluids cannot circulate, leading to lack of moisture throughout the body, emaciation, sallow-black complexion, and wasting-thirst. Despite heavy drinking, fluids fail to moisten the intestines/stomach exterior, causing persistent thirst and profuse urination. Vulgar doctors misunderstand this as Lower Jiao deficiency-cold, causing many deaths. Similarly, systemic wind-heat-dryness-stagnation may cause eye clouding, carbuncles, sores, upper asthma/cough, lower flaccidity/numbness, or internal damp-heat stagnation transforming into edema and abdominal distension. Polydipsia with polyuria is Ke; polyphagia with polyuria is Xiao Zhong; emaciation with lipid urine is Xiao Shen. These are the transmitted Three Xiao diseases. Although not detailed in classics, *Neijing* attributes them to varying degrees of dryness-heat. This formula treats all Yang-excess/Yin-deficiency, wind-heat-dryness-stagnation, dizziness, hemiplegia from wind, alcohol toxicity, intestinal stagnation, skin diseases, flaccidity, and febrile/miscellaneous disease thirst with Qi/fluid blockage.
Herbs: Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Danggui (*Angelicae Sinensis Radix*), Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix*), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*), Shanzhizi (*Gardeniae Fructus*), Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*) (each 0.5 liang); Lianqiao (*Forsythiae Fructus*), Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Gan Ge (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), Fuling (*Poria Cocos*) (each 1 liang); Guanzi Gui (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*), Muxiang (*Aucklandiae Radix*), Huoxiang (*Agastaches Herba*) (each 2 qian 5 fen); Hanshuishi (*Halloysitum Rubrum*, 2 liang); Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, 3 liang); Shigao (*Gypsi Fibrosum*, 4 liang); Huashi (*Talcum*), Mangxiao (*Natri Sulfas*) (each 0.5 jin).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 sheng of water, 3 slices of ginger. Decoct to 0.5 sheng, strain juice, add a little honey, take warm. Gradually increase to 1 liang. Take at any time, 3 times daily. If bowels loosen, it is acceptable and may enhance efficacy; continue long-term or combine with Xiaopi Wan. If intestinal stagnation or damp-heat diarrhea occurs, remove Dahuang and Mangxiao.
**Shengdi Huang Yin Zi (Rehmannia Decoction)** (from *Jianyi Fang*): Treats wasting-thirst with dry throat, red face, and irritability.
Herbs: Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*, rhizome removed), Sheng Gan Dihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix*, washed), Shu Gan Dihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata*, washed), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*, honey-roasted), Tiandong (*Asparagi Radix*), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*, hearts removed), Zhiqiao (*Aurantii Fructus*, pulp removed, bran-fried), Shihu (*Dendrobii Caulis*, root removed, fried), Pipaye (*Loquat Folium*, hairs removed, fried), Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted) (equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.6 sheng. Strain. Take after meals and before bed. This formula combines Erhuang Wan and Ganlu Yin strategy to generate essence, nourish blood, moisten dryness, and relieve thirst. Zexie and Zhiqiao guide the Two Bowels, descending Heart Fire to clear the Small Bowels. Lung moisture ensures Large Bowel flow. As old heat dissipates, thirst stops. Profound and wonderful.
**Huangqi Tang (Astragalus Decoction)**: Treats various thirst diseases.
Herbs: Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*, honey-roasted), Fuling (*Poria Cocos*, peel and wood removed), Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*, heart removed), Sheng Dihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix*), Wuweizi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*), Zhi Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted) (each 1 qian 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Add 2 zong of water, decoct to 1 zong. Take quickly after meals.
**Meisu Wan (Plum and Perilla Pill)**: Treats wasting-thirst, diaphragmatic heat and irritability, generates body fluids.
Herbs: Bai Mei Rou (*Mume Fructus Carnegium*), Zisu Ye (*Perillae Folium*), Wu Mei Rou (*Mume Fructus Carnegium*) (each 0.5 liang); Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*, heart removed, 7 qian 5 fen); Baiyao Jian (*Theae Fermentata Pilula*, 3 liang); Helile (*Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus*, roasted, use skin), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*) (each 2 qian 5 fen); Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted, 1 liang 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, bind with refined yellow wax juice to form pills the size of cockle seeds. Take 1 pill per dose at any time, dissolve in mouth and swallow saliva. Relieves thirst while walking.
**Shacha Fang (Parasite-Killing Formula)**: Treats wasting-thirst with parasites.
Herbs: Kulian Gen (*Toosendan Radix*), take a handful of fresh white bark, cut and roast, add a little Shexiang (*Moschus*). Add 2 bowls of water, decoct to 1 bowl. Drink on an empty stomach. Even if weak, it is safe. Afterwards, pass 3-4 worms resembling roundworms but red. Thirst stops instantly. Thus, wasting-thirst involves parasites consuming body fluids. (From *Yijian Zhi*).
**Dry Mouth and Throat**
**Huangqi Tang** (from *Ben Shi Fang*): Treats mental irritability, lack of saliva production, and anorexia.
Herbs: Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*), Shu Dihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata*), Baishao Yao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*), Wuweizi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*) (each 3 liang); Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Tiandong (*Asparagi Radix*) (each 5 qian); Baifuling (*Poria Cocos*, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 3 qian per dose, decoct with ginger, jujube, and wumei. Strain. Take after meals.
**Shenzhu Yin**: Same as Shenling Baizhu San. (See Dysentery section).
**Shenxiang San** (from *Heji Ju Fang*): Treats restless Heart Qi, various deficiencies, heavy limbs, depression, vivid dreams, night sweats, seminal emission, fear, palpitations, erratic emotions, dry mouth/throat, thirst, reduced appetite, emaciation, progressing to consumptive disease. Regular use nourishes essence/blood, regulates Heart Qi, promotes appetite, calms spirit, and maintains center. Effects are numerous.
Herbs: Renshen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Shanyao (*Dioscoreae Rhizoma*), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*, processed), Baifuling (*Poria Cocos*, peeled), Shilian Rou (*Nelumbinis Semen*, heart removed), Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*, baked) (each 1 liang); Wuyao (*Linderae Radix*), Suosharen (*Amomi Fructus Rotundus*), Juhong (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum*), Ganjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma*, roasted) (each 0.5 liang); Dingxiang (*Eugenii Flos*), Nanmuxiang (*Aucklandiae Radix*), Tanxiang (*Santalum Album Lignum*) (each 2 qian 5 fen); Chenxiang (*Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum*, 2 qian); Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted, 7 qian 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into coarse pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1 large sheng of water, 3 slices of ginger, 1 jujube. Decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take on an empty stomach.
Alternative prescription: Includes Paofuzi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*, 0.5 liang).
**Sijunzi Tang** (See Consumptive Disease section), **Suopi Yin** (See Heatstroke section), **Qizhen San** (See Anorexia section), **Dabu Tang** (See Consumptive Disease section).
**Gan Ge Tang (Kudzu Decoction)**
Herbs: Gegen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*, 2 liang), Zhishi (*Aurantii Fructus*, white part removed, bran-fried), Zhizi Ren (*Gardeniae Fructus*), Douchi (*Sojae Semen Preparatum*) (each 1 liang); Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted, 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Take 4 qian per dose, add 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.8 sheng. Take warm at any time.
**Wumei Mugua Tang (Plum and Papaw Decoction)**: Treats excessive alcohol consumption leading to intense heat steaming the Five Viscera, drying fluids, affecting blood position, polyuria, emaciation, and craving for cold foods/drinks.
Herbs: Mugua GAN (*Chaenomelis Fructus*), Wumei (*Mume Fructus*, crushed, pit retained), Mai Ya (*Hordei Fructus Germinatus*, fried), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), Caoguo (*Tsaoko Fructus*, peeled) (each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1.5 sheng of water, 5 slices of ginger. Decoct to 0.7 sheng. Take at any time.
**Zhishi Zi Wan (Immature Bitter Orange Pill)**: Treats same symptoms as above.
Herbs: Zhishi Zi (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*, 2 liang), Shexiang (*Moschus*, 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, bind with wheat paste to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Take 30 pills per dose on an empty stomach with salted water.
**Sanshen Tang (Three Gods Decoction)**: Treats same symptoms as above.
Herbs: Wumei Rou (*Mume Fructus Carnegium*), Yuanzhi (*Polygalae Radix*, heart removed, boiled in licorice water, stir-fried with ginger juice) (each 1 liang); Zhishi (*Aurantii Fructus*, pulp removed, 1 liang). In summer, add Huanglian (*Coptidis Rhizoma*, 5 qian); not used in spring, autumn, winter.
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, add 2 sheng of water, a handful of Nuoge Gen (*Oryzae Sativa Radix*). Decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take warm at any time. If Nuoge Gen is unavailable, use Baimaogen (*Imperatae Rhizoma*); if unavailable, use straw rope.
**Fangjiao Li Huang Wan** (See Distension section): Treats abdominal fullness, dry mouth, and dry tongue due to water qi in the intestines.
**Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill)**: Treats Heart-Spleen heat congestion, dry mouth/tongue, and irritability/thirst.
Herbs: Niuhuang (*Calculus Bovis*, 3 fen, finely ground), Huanglian (*Coptidis Rhizoma*, mustache removed), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*, cut, fried) (each 2 liang); Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*, heart removed, baked, 1 liang 5 qian); Zhusha (*Cinnabaris*, 0.5 liang, finely ground, water levigated), Shexiang (*Moschus*, a little); Shanzhiren (*Gardeniae Fructus*), Mayaxiao (*Natri Sulfas*, finely ground), Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Zhi Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted) (each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly, bind with refined honey to form pills the size of marbles. Take 1 pill per dose after meals, dissolved in Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf) decoction.
**Gualougen San (Trichosanthes Root Powder)**: Treats wind-heat causing dry mouth, cracked tongue, and ulcers.
Herbs: Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Huhuanglian (*Coptidis Rhizoma* substitute/Huahuanglian), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*) (each 7 qian 5 fen); Bai Jiangcan (*Bombyx Batryticatus*, fried), Baixianpi (*Dictamni Cortex*), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*, cut, fried) (each 0.5 liang); Niuhuang (*Calculus Bovis*, ground), Huashi (*Talcum*, ground) (each 2 qian 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with Zhu Ye decoction at any time.
**Ganlu Wan (Sweet Dew Pill)**: Resolves toxin congestion, dispels wind-heat, treats dry mouth/tongue.
Herbs: Hanshuishi (*Halloysitum Rubrum*, 2 jin, fired red, spread on ground overnight to remove fire toxicity), Mayaxiao (*Natri Sulfas*, 3 liang, finely ground), Qianshuang (*Plumbi Subcarbonas*, finely ground), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted red), Longnao (*Borneolum Syntheticum*, finely ground) (each 7 qian 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly. Bind with glutinous rice paste to form pills the size of marbles. Take half a pill per dose after meals, ground in fresh well water and drunk.
**Han Hua Wan (Dissolving-in-Mouth Pill)**: Treats Upper Jiao irritability/heat, dry mouth/tongue, unclear mind, and head/eye discomfort.
Herbs: Shigao (*Gypsi Fibrosum*, finely ground, water levigated), Hanshuishi (*Halloysitum Rubrum*, finely ground), Baimi (*Mel*, each 0.5 jin).
Preparation and Administration: Add 4 large sheng of water, decoct to 1.5 sheng. Filter through silk, add honey, decoct until thick. Form pills the size of cockle seeds. Always hold one pill in mouth and swallow saliva.