大意
酒之为物。气热而质湿。（内经）气味俱阳。阴寒之时。少饮能御邪助神。壮气活血。恣饮则生痰益火。耗气损
精。令暴病暴死。世人认为痰厥中脏。而不知酒色自戕之所致也。（三锡）
内因
酒入于胃。则络脉满而经脉虚。酒气与谷气相抟。热盛于中。故热遍于身。内热而溺赤也。（内经）
外症
轻者。头痛眩晕。呕吐痰逆。神昏烦乱。胸满恶心。饮食减少。小便不利。（医鉴）甚者。大醉之后。忽然战栗。手
足厥冷。不省人事。名曰酒厥。（汇补）
酒伤各经
酒循经络。留着为患。入肺则多嚏多痰。入心则多笑多言。入肝则善怒有力。入脾则思睡。入肾则思淫。及
其久也。伤肺则变咳嗽消渴。伤心则变怔忡不寐。伤脾则变痞满疸胀。伤肝则变胁痛吐血。伤肾则变腰
软阳痿。此五脏之受病也。又酒后汗多者。胃受之。酒后面青者。胆受之。酒后多溺者。小肠受之。酒后溺赤
者。膀胱受之。酒后积利者。大肠受之。数者皆能成病。惟胃与小肠受酒者。汗多则从表而泄。溺多则从便
而出。所以善饮不醉而变病亦少也。（说约）
酒毒损肺成痈
酒毒留于肺者。缘肺为清虚之脏。酒多则损其清虚之体。由是稠痰浊火。熏灼其间。轻则外为鼻 准赤。
内为咳嗽痰火。重则肺叶受伤。为胸痛胁胀。咳唾脓血。痰出腥秽。肺痈溃烂。宜化痰清肺。庶可保全。（汇补）
酒毒传胆成痈
酒毒传于胆者。缘酒性清洌。不随浊秽下行。惟喜渗入。从胃至胆。胆为清净之腑。同气相求者也。其次虽
入小肠膀胱。化溺而出。然酷烈之性。惟胆受之。故湿热郁于经隧。为环跳疼痛。久成痈肿。宜清彻之剂。和
解少阳之邪。或冀免焉。（喻嘉言）
酒湿成疸
醉卧卑湿之处。或食乳面等物。寒湿外郁。束其湿热。无从发泄。而成痞胀酒疸。初则两目小便俱黄。后则
遍身牙爪亦然。速宜分解湿热。久则难治。（汇补）
酒湿成痹
好酒之人。湿热内积。生痰动火。往往发为口眼歪斜。舌强肢废。混似风中血脉。宜解酒除湿。消痰清火。不
可以风药误治。（汇补）
脉法
脉浮而数为伤酒。若挟宿食。必兼滑数。
治法
当初醉昏妄时。治宜发汗。醒后则热去湿留。莫如利便。乃上下分消其湿热也。（兰台秘藏）若传于五内。则宜本
病药中。兼去湿热。盖酒之形质可化。而湿热之气终久不变。非若他症。六淫七情。传变不齐。（说约）
伤酒忌下
酒性纯阳。最耗元气。若复下之。徒损津液。反生痰火。元气消烁。卒成虚损。所以慎下。（兰台秘藏）
用药
初宜汗以二陈汤。加干葛、苏叶、黄芩。继宜渗以四芩散。加干葛、山栀、花粉。其有他症。俱以二方酌用。如哕
呕。加竹茹、生姜。痰盛。如黄芩、贝母。胸满。加浓朴、枳壳。腹痛。加木香、砂仁。泄黄。加芍药、黄芩。酒癖块
痛。加蓬术、木香。小便不利。调益元散。东垣治中酒。制葛花解酲汤。其方多用辛热之味。盖为饮酒时。食冷物太
过。郁其毒于胃中。吐而烦躁不宁者设也。非酒家常用之药。昧者不知。但遇饮酒致病。必曰解酲汤最效。
殊失立方本旨。盖葛花、葛根。乃阳明经轻扬之药。酒客恶心懊 。头痛如破。乃毒在阳明经。用此药顺其
性而扬之。使毒从毫毛而出。非葛根能解酒毒也。若酒病传于肺脾肝胆肾者。则葛根又何与乎。（汇补）
赵以德云。饮酒人发热者。用枝距子最效。此药一名鸡距。一名枳 。一名木蜜。俗呼癞汉指头。北人名烂
瓜。江南谓之白石树。杭人货卖。名蜜屈五。又称蜜金钩。诗所云枸是也。树形似白杨。其子着枝端。如小指
屈曲相连。春生秋熟味如锡蜜。以此木作屋。则一室之酒皆淡。其意可思。凡酒伤各经者。俱宜加用。中
酒呕恶头痛。脉弦大。或弦滑。以二陈汤。加姜炒黄连、山栀、苏叶、干葛。煎成。加姜汁热服。酒积痛泄黄沫者。
以酒蒸大黄作丸服。或用香连丸。加大黄最效。其余调摄。六君子汤、半夏茯苓汤。或理中汤。俱加干葛。或
缩脾饮。随人虚实选用。
伤酒选方
二陈汤（方见痰症） 四苓散（方见湿症） 理中汤（方见中寒） 益元散（方见暑症）
葛花解酲汤（东垣） 治酒食太过。呕吐恶心。胸闷溺涩。
赤苓（一钱半） 葛花（五钱） 白术（二钱） 人参 橘皮 猪苓（各一钱半） 木香（五分） 神曲 泽泻（各
一钱） 豆蔻 砂仁 青皮（各一钱） 生姜（七片）
末之。每服三钱。白汤调下。
半夏茯苓汤（和剂）
半夏 茯苓（各二钱五分） 生姜（五片）
水煎服。
缩脾饮（和剂） 治恶心烦渴。
砂仁 乌梅肉 草果（煨去壳） 炙甘草（各四两） 干葛 白扁豆（炒各二两）
每服四钱。水一碗。煎八分服。
丹溪方 治酒积作痢。下血不止。成藏毒。病脉滑而有力。见内热实症者。
苍术 枳壳（各一钱） 当归 槐花（各一钱半） 地榆 干葛（各二钱） 炙甘草（三分） 黄连（五分）
水煎。食前服。戒酒可愈。
附简易法 酒后发厥。四肢俱冷。不省。先以姜汤灌下。然后服药。不可即投寒剂。凡大醉不省。用生熟
汤浸身。则汤皆酒气而苏。烧酒醉死。急以新汲水浸其发。又以青布浸湿贴胸背。仍以盐调井水细
细灌之。至苏乃已。
伤酒食停滞不快。以盐花擦牙。温汤漱下。实时通快。酒积作痛。以官料酒药炒研。空心。汤调下二钱。
三服可效。
益脾丸 古云。服此饮酒不醉。亦好事之说。备之参考。
葛花（二两） 小豆花（一两） 绿豆花（一两） 木香（二钱五分） 草豆蔻（一两）
蜜丸。夜饮。津下五丸。
脾气虚衰。色欲伤肾。每每饮酒不化。精神潦倒异常。呕泻不食者。竟以独参汤浓煎呷之。
[General Principle]
Wine, as a substance, has a hot qi and damp nature. (According to the *Neijing*, its flavor and qi are both yang.) During times of yin-cold, drinking in moderation can ward off pathogens, assist the spirit, strengthen qi, and invigorate blood circulation. However, excessive drinking generates phlegm and augments fire, depletes qi, damages essence, and may lead to sudden illness or death. People often mistakenly attribute this to phlegm-jue or stroke affecting the zang-organs, failing to realize it is self-inflicted harm due to indulgence in wine and lust. (Sanxi)
[Etiology - Internal Factors]
When wine enters the stomach, it fills the collaterals while leaving the main meridians relatively empty. The qi of wine contends with the qi of food, causing intense heat within the center. Consequently, heat pervades the body, resulting in internal heat and dark red urine. (*Neijing*)
[External Manifestations]
In mild cases, symptoms include headache and dizziness, vomiting with regurgitation of phlegm, confusion and irritability, chest fullness and nausea, reduced appetite, and difficult urination. (*Yijian*) In severe cases, after heavy intoxication, there is sudden shivering, cold extremities, and loss of consciousness, known as "wine jue" (alcoholic collapse). (*Huibu*)
[Wine Injury to Various Meridians]
Wine follows the meridians and causes pathology where it stagnates. Entering the Lung, it causes frequent sneezing and excess phlegm; entering the Heart, it causes excessive laughter and talkativeness; entering the Liver, it causes anger and increased strength; entering the Spleen, it causes somnolence; entering the Kidney, it causes hypersexuality. Over time, injury to the Lung transforms into cough and Xiao-Ke (wasting-thirst); injury to the Heart transforms into palpitations and insomnia; injury to the Spleen transforms into epigastric fullness, jaundice, and abdominal distension; injury to the Liver transforms into hypochondriac pain and hematemesis; injury to the Kidney transforms into soreness and weakness of the lower back and impotence. These are the diseases of the five zang organs. Additionally, profuse sweating after drinking indicates Stomach involvement; bluish complexion indicates Gallbladder involvement; polyuria indicates Small Intestine involvement; dark red urine indicates Bladder involvement; and diarrhea indicates Large Intestine involvement. All these can become pathological. Only when the Stomach and Small Intestine are affected does excess sweat allow for excretion via the exterior, and excess urine allows for excretion via the bowels/bladder. Thus, those skilled at drinking rarely get drunk and suffer fewer complications. (*Shuoyue*)
[Wine Toxicity Damaging the Lung Leading to Lung Abscess]
Wine toxicity remaining in the Lung occurs because the Lung is a clear and empty organ; excessive wine damages this clear-empty constitution, leading to thick phlegm and turbid fire scorching the interior. Mildly, it manifests externally as redness of the nasal tip and internally as cough with phlegm-fire. Severely, it damages lung tissue, causing chest and hypochondriac pain, coughing up pus and blood, and foul-smelling sputum, forming a lung abscess. Treatment should focus on resolving phlegm and clearing the Lung to preserve life. (*Huibu*)
[Wine Toxicity Transmitting to the Gallbladder Leading to Abscess]
Wine toxicity transmits to the Gallbladder because wine's nature is clear and penetrating, not descending with turbidity but seeking penetration from the Stomach to the Gallbladder. The Gallbladder is a clean and pure fu-organ, attracting similar energies. Although some enters the Small Intestine and Bladder to be excreted as urine, the fierce nature of wine is uniquely accepted by the Gallbladder. Thus, damp-heat stagnates in the meridians, causing pain at the Huantiao point, which eventually forms an abscess. Treatment requires clearing agents to harmonize and resolve Shaoyang pathogenic factors, potentially avoiding this outcome. (Yu Jiayan)
[Damp-Wine Transforming into Jaundice]
Sleeping in low, damp places while intoxicated, or consuming dairy and wheat products, causes external cold-dampness to constrain internal damp-heat, preventing its release, leading to epigastric fullness and wine-jaundice. Initially, the eyes and urine turn yellow; later, the whole body, teeth, and nails become yellow. Prompt resolution of damp-heat is necessary, as prolonged cases are difficult to treat. (*Huibu*)
[Damp-Wine Transforming into Bi Syndrome]
Those fond of wine accumulate damp-heat internally, generating phlegm and stirring fire. This often manifests as facial paralysis (deviation of mouth and eye), stiff tongue, and limb dysfunction, resembling wind-stroke affecting the vessels. Treatment should resolve wine, remove dampness, eliminate phlegm, and clear fire. It must not be misdiagnosed and treated with wind-dispelling herbs. (*Huibu*)
[Pulse Diagnosis]
A floating and rapid pulse indicates wine injury. If complicated by retained food, the pulse will additionally be slippery and rapid.
[Therapeutic Principles]
During initial drunken stupor and delirium, treatment should induce sweating. After waking, when heat dissipates but dampness remains, promoting urination is preferable. This achieves upper and lower dispersion of damp-heat. (*Lantai Micang*) If the pathogen transmits to the five zang organs, one should treat the primary disease while simultaneously removing damp-heat. The physical form of wine can be transformed, but its damp-heat qi remains unchanged, unlike other conditions where six excesses and seven emotions vary in transmission. (*Shuoyue*)
[Contraindication: Purging in Wine Injury]
Wine is purely yang and most damaging to primordial qi. Using purgatives further depletes fluids, generates phlegm-fire, consumes primordial qi, and ultimately leads to deficiency patterns. Therefore, purging must be used with caution. (*Lantai Micang*)
[Medication]
Initially, use sweating methods with Er Chen Tang, adding Ge Gen (Kudzu Root), Su Ye (Perilla Leaf), and Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root). Subsequently, use draining methods with Si Ling San, adding Ge Gen, Shan Zhi (Gardenia Fruit), and Hua Fen (Trichosanthes Root). For other symptoms, modify these two formulas accordingly: add Zhu Ru (Bamboo Shavings) and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) for hiccups/vomiting; Huang Qin and Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb) for abundant phlegm; Hou Po (Magnolia Bark) and Zhi Ke (Aurantium Fructus) for chest fullness; Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root) and Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit) for abdominal pain; Shao Yao (Peony Root) and Huang Qin for yellow diarrhea; Peng Ze (Curcuma Rhizome) and Mu Xiang for wine-induced masses/pain; and Yi Yuan San for difficult urination.
Li Dongyuan created Ge Hua Jie Cheng Tang for alcohol intoxication. This formula uses many acrid-warm ingredients to address toxicity depressed in the Stomach due to excessive consumption of cold foods during drinking, causing vomiting and restlessness. It is not a routine remedy for drinkers. Ignorant practitioners assume it is most effective for all wine-related illnesses, missing the original intent. Ge Hua (Kudzu Flower) and Ge Gen are light, ascending herbs of the Yangming meridian. Nausea, oppression, and splitting headaches in drinkers indicate toxicity in the Yangming meridian; these herbs follow the meridian's nature to ascend and expel toxicity through the pores. Ge Gen itself does not detoxify alcohol. If wine pathology transmits to the Lung, Spleen, Liver, Gallbladder, or Kidney, what use is Ge Gen? (*Huibu*)
Zhao Yi-de stated that for drinkers with fever, Zhi Ju Zi (Arctii Fructus/Arctium Fruit, also known as Ji Ju, Zhi Ju, Mu Mi, Lai Han Zhi Tou, Lan Gua, Bai Shi Shu, Mi Qu Wu, Mi Jin Gou, or Gou) is most effective. The tree resembles a white poplar; fruits grow at branch tips, curved like fingers, ripening in autumn with a taste like honey. Houses built with this wood keep wine fresh. It should be added to treatments for wine injury to various meridians. For wine intoxication with vomiting, headache, and wiry-slippery pulses, use Er Chen Tang plus Jiang-chao Huang Lian (Ginger-fried Coptis), Shan Zhi, Su Ye, and Ge Gen. Decoct, add ginger juice, and take warm. For wine accumulation with painful yellow diarrhea, use Da Huang (Rhubarb) steamed in wine made into pills, or Xiang Lian Wan with added Da Huang. For maintenance, Liu Jun Zi Tang, Ban Xia Fu Ling Tang, or Li Zhong Tang, all with Ge Gen, or Suo Pi Yin, selected based on deficiency or excess.
[Selected Formulas for Wine Injury]
Er Chen Tang (See Phlegm Disorders)
Si Ling San (See Dampness Disorders)
Li Zhong Tang (See Cold Damage)
Yi Yuan San (See Summerheat Disorders)
Ge Hua Jie Cheng Tang (Li Dongyuan)
Indications: Excessive food and wine, vomiting, nausea, chest oppression, difficult urination.
Chi Fu Ling (1.5 qian), Ge Hua (5 qian), Bai Zhu (2 qian), Ren Shen, Ju Pi, Zhu Ling (each 1.5 qian), Mu Xiang (0.5 qian), Shen Qu, Ze Xie (each 1 qian), Dou Kou, Sha Ren, Qing Pi (each 1 qian), Sheng Jiang (7 slices).
Grind into powder. Take 3 qian each time, mixed with plain water.
Ban Xia Fu Ling Tang (*Heji Jufang*)
Ban Xia, Fu Ling (each 2.5 qian), Sheng Jiang (5 slices).
Decoct in water and take.
Suo Pi Yin (*Heji Jufang*)
Indications: Nausea, vexation, thirst.
Sha Ren, Wu Mei Rou, Cao Guo (roasted, husked), Zhi Gan Cao (each 4 liang), Ge Gen, Bai Bian Dou (stir-fried, each 2 liang).
Take 4 qian each time, with one bowl of water, decoct to 80%, and drink.
Danxi Formula
Indications: Wine accumulation transforming into dysentery, continuous bloody stool, becoming Zangdu (internal abscess), with slippery-strong pulse and signs of internal heat/excess.
Cang Zhu, Zhi Ke (each 1 qian), Dang Gui, Huai Hua (each 1.5 qian), Di Yu, Ge Gen (each 2 qian), Zhi Gan Cao (0.3 qian), Huang Lian (0.5 qian).
Decoct in water, take before meals. Abstinence from alcohol ensures cure.
Appendix: Simple Methods
For post-drinking jue with cold limbs and unconsciousness, first administer ginger soup, then medication. Do not immediately use cold/clearing agents. For deep drunkenness with unconsciousness, bathe the body in a mixture of raw and cooked water; the person will recover as alcohol vapor escapes. For death-like coma from strong liquor, quickly soak hair in fresh well water, apply wet blue cloth to chest and back, and slowly administer salt-mixed well water until recovery.
For food stagnation after drinking, rub salt crystals on teeth and rinse with warm water for immediate relief. For wine accumulation pain, take roasted official wine medicine powder with water on an empty stomach (2 qian per dose); three doses are effective.
Yi Pi Wan
Ancient texts claim this prevents drunkenness, likely an exaggeration, provided for reference.
Ge Hua (2 liang), Xiao Dou Hua (1 liang), Lv Dou Hua (1 liang), Mu Xiang (2.5 qian), Cao Dou Kou (1 liang).
Make into honey pills. Take 5 pills with saliva before night drinking.
For Spleen qi deficiency and Kidney damage from sexual indulgence, leading to inability to metabolize alcohol, extreme mental fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia, directly administer Du Shen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) concentrated and sipped.