味苦，无毒。主肺咳上气，行五脏，令百病不起。一名玉箫，一名箭悍。叶如小竹，
根黄皮白。生山陵。三月、四月采根，曝干。
味辛，有毒。主寒热。一名脱尾，一名羊草。生楚山。三月采根，白而香。
味甘，无毒。主食诸虫。一名水昌，一名水宿，一名茎蒲。十月采。
臣禹锡等谨按陈藏器云∶白昌，即今之溪荪也。一名昌阳，生水畔，人亦呼为昌蒲，与
石
上昌蒲都别。大而臭者是，亦名水昌蒲，根色正白，去蚤虱。
味甘，无毒。主腹痛。一名羊饴，一名陵渴。生山阴，二月花兑（音锐）蔓草上，五月
实黑，中有核。三月三日采叶，阴干。
味甘，无毒。主疰，崩中，止血，益气。生蜀郡山石阴地湿处。采无时。
味辛，平，无毒。主心腹积瘕。茎，主恶疮。生泽中，大茎细叶，香如 本。
味咸。主毒风头泄注。一名野葵。生高陵下地。三月三日采根，根如乌头。
味辛，有毒。主恶疮，去痹气。一名石龙。生水中。
臣禹锡等谨按陈藏器云∶即今之水荭，一名游龙，亦名大蓼。
味苦，平，无毒。主心气，女子阴疝，血结。一名承夜，一名夜光。三月采。
臣禹锡等谨按陈藏器云∶地朕，一名地锦，一名地噤。叶光净，露下有光，蔓生，节节
着
Bitter, non-toxic. Primarily treats lung cough with rebellious Qi (cough caused by upward rebellion of Lung Qi), promotes the circulation through the Five Zang organs, and prevents various diseases from arising. Also known as Yuxiao (Jade Flute) and Jianhan (Arrow Hardness). Leaves resemble small bamboo; roots are yellow on the outside and white on the inside. Grows in hills and mounds. Roots are harvested in March and April and dried in the sun.
Acrid, toxic. Primarily treats alternating chills and fever. Also known as Tuowei (Tail Shedding) and Yangcao (Sheep Grass). Grows in the mountains of Chu. Roots are harvested in March; they are white and fragrant.
Sweet, non-toxic. Primarily treats poisoning from ingesting various insects. Also known as Shuichang, Shuixiu, and Jingpu (Stem Cattail). Harvested in October.
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to Chen Cangqi: Baichang is what is now called Xisun (Iris pseudacorus var. chinensis). Also known as Changyang, it grows by the water's edge; people also call it Changpu, which is entirely different from the Changpu growing on stones. The large ones with a strong odor are this plant, also named Shuichangpu (Water Cattail); the root color is pure white, and it can remove lice and fleas.
Sweet, non-toxic. Primarily treats abdominal pain. Also known as Yangyi (Sheep Syrup) and Lingke (Ling Thirst). Grows in the shady north side of mountains. In February, flowers bloom upon creeping weeds; in May, fruits turn black with seeds inside. Leaves are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month and dried in the shade.
Sweet, non-toxic. Primarily treats Zhu disease (a chronic infectious or consumptive disease), metrorrhagia (heavy uterine bleeding), stops bleeding, and benefits Qi. Grows in damp, shady places among rocks in Shu Commandery. There is no fixed time for harvesting.
Bitter, non-toxic. Primarily treats mental restlessness and stops sweating. Grows resembling Paulownia roots.
Acrid, neutral, non-toxic. Primarily treats accumulations and masses in the heart and abdomen. The stem primarily treats malignant sores. Grows in marshes; it has thick stems and thin leaves, with an aroma similar to Libanum (Ligusticum chuanxiong).
Grows in hills and mounds. Roots are harvested in March and April and dried in the sun.
Salty, non-toxic. Primarily treats poisoning from eating meat, effectively eliminating the toxicity.
Salty. Primarily treats toxic head conditions with discharge/diarrhea. Also known as Ye Kui (Wild Hibiscus). Grows at the foot of high hills. Roots are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month; the roots resemble Aconitum (Monkshood).
Acrid, toxic. Primarily treats malignant sores and removes Bi Qi (obstructive pathogenic factors causing numbness/pain). Also known as Shilong (Stone Dragon). Grows in water.
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to Chen Cangqi: This is what is now called Shuihong (Persicaria hydropiper), also known as Youlong (Swimming Dragon) and Daliao (Large Smartweed).
Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Primarily treats Heart Qi disorders, female Yin hernia (pain or mass in the female genital region), and blood stasis. Also known as Chengye and Yeguang. Harvested in March.
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to Chen Cangqi: Di Zhen is also known as Dijin and Dijin. Leaves are smooth and clean, shining under dew; it grows as a vine, connecting node by node...