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Tiger Bone (Hugu)
Its main efficacy is to dispel evil qi, kill "Guizhu" toxicity (a contagious and consumptive disease caused by evil spirits), stop palpitations induced by fright, and treat malignant sores and scrofula. The skull bone is particularly effective.
Chen Yuxi and others verified: Regarding the general medicines for Guizhu, Shizhu, and malignant sores, as well as drug pairs, it is recorded: Tiger bone, neutral in nature. *Yaoxing Lun* records: Tiger bone, a minister herb. It can neutralize the toxicity from dog bites. Pungent in flavor, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. It treats spastic stiffness of tendons and bones caused by toxic wind, inability to flex and extend limbs, wandering pain (Zou Zhu pain), treats Shizhu and abdominal pain, treats warm malaria (malaria with warm pathogenic characteristics), and cures warm qi of Shanghan (warm pathogens in Cold Damage diseases).
Tiger Fat (Gao) treats wounds caused by dog bites.
Tiger Claws (Zhua) can repel evil spirits and malefic influences.
Tiger Meat (Rou) treats nausea and vomiting, and tonifies Qi and strength.
Tao Hongjing stated: In folk prescriptions: Eating hot tiger meat damages human teeth; this is indeed true. Using a tiger head as a pillow repels evil nightmares; hanging a tiger nose above the door repels ghosts. Hanging a tiger nose above the door is said to facilitate the birth of male children. Mixing bone with cinnabar to draw talismans treats evil influences. To treat toothache, hang tiger claws on a child's arm to repel evil ghosts. *Tang Bencao Zhu* cites *Mingyi Bielu*: Tiger feces treat malignant sores. Tiger eyes treat mania. Bones found within tiger feces, ground into powder, treat fire sores (burns/scalds). Tiger teeth treat yin sores in men and carbuncles (deep-seated purulent infections). Tiger noses treat mania and pediatric convulsions. Currently verifying Chen Cangqi's *Bencao Shiyi*: "Hu Wei" (Tiger's Authority/Might) instills authority in people; wearing it is beneficial for officials, but those without office may be hated by others. "Wei" refers to a bone shaped like the character "Yi" (乙), one inch long, located on both sides of the ribs, extracted by breaking the flesh. There is also one at the tail tip, but less effective than those by the ribs. Tiger gallbladder treats pediatric convulsions. Tiger meat and skin treat malaria. Boiling tiger bone juice for bathing children removes sores, tinea, Guizhu, and convulsions. Tiger feces treat ghostly qi. The gaze of tiger eyes treats fright-evil, repels malignancy, and calms the heart spirit. When tigers see at night, one eye emits light while the other observes objects. Hunters wait and shoot; just as the crossbow bolt arrives, the emitted light falls to the ground like white stone. Chen Yuxi and others verify Meng Shen's statement: Tiger meat, when eaten before entering mountains, causes tigers to show fear, repelling thirty-six types of spirits. Additionally, tiger eyes treat malaria, repel evil, and treat pediatric heat and palpitations. Tiger gallbladder treats pediatric malnutrition with diarrhea (Gan Li), unsettled spirit, administered ground and taken with water. Boiling tiger bone for baths removes joint wind-toxicity; applying tiger fat internally treats hemorrhoids with bleeding. Ri Huazi stated: Tiger meat, sour in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats malaria. Tiger eyes calm the heart, treat pediatric crying from fright, Gan Qi, and Ke Wu (external evil invasion). *Tujing Bencao* states: Tiger bone, eyes, and claws were not listed in *Shennong Bencao Jing* regarding their origin; they are now found wherever there are mountains and forests. For bone, use the head and tibia; yellow ones are superior. Tiger eyes have many fakes; only those personally obtained are genuine. Keep claws with finger bones and hair, tie them to a child's arm to repel evil ghosts. "Weis" exist between the ribs and at the tail tip, shaped like "Yi," about one to two inches long. Among these items, those from male tigers are more effective. Generally, deer and tigers are often killed by poisoned arrows; do not use them in medicine. Because poison permeates the bone and flesh, it can still harm humans. Li Jiang's *Bingbu Shouji Fang* contains a Tiger Bone Wine method for treating arm and leg pain, effective regardless of depth. Use two large liang of tiger tibia, coarsely crushed and fried until yellow; one large liang of Antelope Horn (Lingyangjiao) powder; two large liang of fresh Peony Root (Shaoyao), finely sliced. Soak these three ingredients in unfermented wine for seven days in spring/summer, double the time in autumn/winter. Drink one cup every morning on an empty stomach. If urgent consumption is needed in winter, store in silver vessels and keep warm over a stove for three to two days before use. Cui Yuanliang's *Haishang Fang* treats immobility of waist and legs. Take one set of tiger lumbar spine bones, finely chopped, then crushed with an axe on stone. Take the front two complete leg bones, crush finely as before. Place both on an iron bed, roast evenly over gentle charcoal fire, flipping until oil exudes significantly, then pour into rich, unfermented wine, seal tightly. Soak for twenty-one days in spring/summer, twenty-one days in autumn/winter. Drink freely on an empty stomach daily; drink more if tolerant, less if not. Warm and drink three times before meals. Large households limit to six or seven dou of wine; small households limit to two dou. For illnesses lasting over ten years, no more than three doses are needed; for under seven years, one dose will surely cure. Follow dietary restrictions as per medicinal rules. Another prescription: Tiger tibia five to six cun or longer, scrape off meat and membranes, coat with butter, roast until very yellow and cooked, grind finely, place in a silk bag. Put the bag in a porcelain bottle with one dou of wine, simmer gently over low fire for seven days, then consume as desired. Mild diarrhea indicates cure.
Lei Gong stated: Regarding tiger eyes, one must know the collector and source. They vary by gender (male/female), age (old/young), and acquisition method (hunted vs. died naturally). Do not use those that died from poisoning, as they pose a risk of harm. To prepare tiger eyes, soak them in raw sheep blood overnight, remove, dry over mild heat, grind into powder. Add to other prepared herbs for combination. *Shiliao Bencao* adds: Treats acute pain in waist and knees; boil for bathing or soak in vinegar. Treats acute wind-pain in tendons and bones; tibia is especially good. For newborns, bathing in tiger bone decoction ensures health in adulthood. Mix with Tongcao (Akebia Stem), boil, take half sheng on an empty stomach. Cover and rest briefly to induce sweating. Treats acute joint pain. Strictly avoid eating hot, as it damages teeth. Do not feed to infants whose teeth are not fully grown, lest it hinder tooth eruption. Do not eat tiger meat in the first lunar month. *Shenghui Fang*: Treats Lijie Feng (severe joint pain rheumatism) where all joints hurt unbearably. Use one tiger skull, coat with butter, roast yellow, crush, place in silk bag, soak in two dou of clear wine for five nights. Drink warm according to tolerance. *Waitai Miyao* treats dysphagia. Grind tiger bone to powder, take with water, one cubic inch spoonful. Another formula for rectal prolapse: Burn tiger bone to powder, take with water, one cubic inch spoonful, three times daily. *Qianjin Yifang* treats abscesses/carbuncles on hands and feet; burn to ash and apply. *Jingyan Houfang*: White Tiger Wind (a type of bi-syndrome with wandering pain and hot, swollen knees). Coat tiger tibia with butter and roast; process Black Aconite Root (He Fuzi) by cracking, removing skin and navel. Both one liang, grind to powder. Take two qianbi with warm wine, twice daily. Another formula for pediatric convulsions: Grind tiger eyes finely, mix with water and administer. Adjust dosage by age. *Meishi Fang*: Treats rabies from mad dog bites. Scrape tiger teeth and skull bone to powder, take with wine, one cubic inch spoonful, leads to recovery. *Shengjin Fang*: Treats intestinal hemorrhoids, fistulas, and rectal prolapse. Take two segments of tiger tibia, two liang of honey, roast until red, grind to powder. Steam dough, form pills like wattle seeds. Take twenty pills early morning with warm wine. Regulate intestines the night before taking this medicine. *Jiyan Fang*: Treats lunar eclipse sores. Two liang tiger skull, crushed, boiled with one sheng of lard until bone turns yellow, apply paste to sores. Zhang Wenzhong treats chronic dysentery that persists, known as Xixie (resting dysentery). Roast large animal bone until yellow and charred, grind to powder. Take with water, one cubic inch spoonful, three times daily, leads to cure. Another formula for sudden nightmare oppression: Use tiger skull as a pillow. *Ge Zhichuan Fang* is identical. *Zimu Milu*: Repel evil qi in children. Bathe children in tiger bone soup repeatedly. Yang Shi's Obstetrics text treats pediatric convulsions. Roast one bean-sized amount of tiger eye to powder, mix with water and ingest. Another formula for alopecia capitis (tinea capitis): Apply tiger fat. Yao Hezhong treats nocturnal crying in children. Grind one large animal eye to powder, mix with bamboo sap (Zhuli) and give a small amount. Another formula for persistent pediatric scalp sores: Melt large animal fat until solidified, apply three to four times daily. *Baopuzi* states tigers live a thousand years; their fur turns white at five hundred years.
*Yanyi* states: Tiger bone used in medicine includes head, tibia, and spine; meat is slightly salty. Chen Cangqi's notes on "Yi bone" and the legend of eyes falling like white stones upon being shot are likely hearsay and unsubstantiated. Someone asked: Why does wind follow the tiger? Wind belongs to Wood; Tiger belongs to Metal. Wood is controlled by Metal, hence it follows. Thus, roaring generates wind, which is the natural way. Therefore, treating wind-induced spasms, inability to flex/extend, wandering pain, mania, convulsions, and joint wind-toxicity aligns with this principle.