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**Ivory**: Non-toxic. Mainly treats iron and other foreign objects penetrating into the flesh. Scrape off ivory shavings, grind them finely, mix with water, and apply to the wound; this will cause the embedded foreign object to be expelled immediately.

**Teeth**: Mainly treats epilepsy (epileptic seizures). Grind ivory into powder, heat until yellow, and swallow with warm water.

**Flesh**: Taste is bland. Not suitable for consumption. Excessive consumption causes heaviness in the body. Mainly treats tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp); burn it into ash and mix with oil for topical application.

**Gallbladder**: Mainly treats eye diseases. Mix with milk and instill into the eyes.

**Small transverse bone on the chest**: Consuming its ash mixed with wine enables one to float on water. The flesh of various beasts on an elephant has distinct segments; only the trunk is its true original flesh, while the rest are mixed flesh. (This section is appended later)

Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note: Rihua Zi states: Ivory is neutral in nature. It treats urinary retention by decocting raw ivory for oral administration. For excessive urination, burn it into ash and take with water. Elephant gallbladder brightens vision and treats gan syndrome (malnutrition syndrome in children). The sole of the hoof resembles rhinoceros horn and can be made into a belt. Records from Nanhai medicines state: People say that elephant gallbladder, when mixed with clear water and applied to sores and swellings, cures them. For bad breath, grind a small amount with water nightly, wrap in cotton, and apply to the gum line. Hold in the mouth nightly, rinse with warm water at dawn; repeating this three to five times results in a cure.

*Tu Jing* states: Old texts do not specify the provinces where ivory originates. *Erya* says: Among the fine products of the south are the rhinos and elephants of Liang Mountain. Currently, they are mostly produced in Jiaozhi, and also found in Chaozhou and Xunzhou. Locals capture them and compete to eat their flesh, claiming it is fat, crisp, and suitable for roasting. Some say there are twelve types of elephant flesh corresponding to the twelve Earthly Branches, and only the trunk is the true flesh. It is also said that the gallbladder does not attach to the liver but moves among different parts of the flesh according to the month. During the Chunhua era, a tame elephant died in the imperial garden. Emperor Taizong ordered the retrieval of the gallbladder but failed, so he sent someone to ask Xu Xuan. Xu Xuan said it should be in the front left leg. Upon dissection, it was indeed found there. When asked why, Xu Xuan explained that the elephant gallbladder follows the four seasons; since the elephant died in spring, it was known to be in the left leg. Wild elephants also exist in the mountains of Jingman in Shifu. This likely refers to the incident mentioned in *Zuo Zhuan* where Chu troops used fire-tipped elephants to charge against Wu's army. However, elephants in Chu and Yue are greenish, whereas white elephants are common in countries like Xizhu, Fulin, and Dashi. Fan Chuo’s *Yunnan Ji* and Ping Juhui’s *Yu Tian Xing Cheng Ji* both record this. Ivory mainly treats foreign objects piercing the flesh; scrape shavings, grind finely, mix with water, and apply to the wound to expel the object immediately. For splinters in the throat, mix with water and drink. Shavings from old ivory combs are particularly effective. Teeth, flesh, and eyeballs are occasionally used in medical prescriptions.

Chen Cangqi states: Elephant flesh tastes salty and sour and is not suitable for eating. Elephant gallbladder treats eye diseases; mix with milk and instill into the eyes. The preface states: Elephant gallbladder becomes viscous when waved. *Hai Yao* records: According to *Nei Dian*, elephants originate from western countries and may have two or four tusks; their taste is cold. They treat wind-heat epilepsy, bone-steaming consumptive fever, and various sores. Raw ivory shavings are suitable for medicinal use, especially when combined with amber, bamboo paste, pearl, rhinoceros horn, and bovine calculus, which yield excellent results. The Western Regions value it for decorating beds and seats. China treasures it for making hu tablets (court rank badges). Elephants live in valleys in the Kunlun regions. When they shed teeth, humans cannot retrieve them; people from Kunlun carve white wood into fake tusks to exchange for real ones. *Youyang Zazu* states: Ivory with vivid patterns ensures national prosperity. It also states that dragons and elephants have fully formed bones only after sixty years. *Zhou Hou Fang*: Treats arrows and metal fragments lodged in flesh. Scrape ivory shavings finely, mix with water, and apply to the area to expel the object. *Jian Yao Ji Zhong Fang*: Treats children who accidentally ingest bones or fishbones that pierce the flesh and cannot be removed. Boil white plum flesh until soft, grind it, mix with ivory powder, and apply thickly to the affected area; the object will naturally soften. *Taiping Guang Ji* records that in Annan, elephants can discern right from wrong. In disputes, the elephant sniffs the parties involved; if one is in the right, the elephant passes by; if wrong, the elephant卷s them up with its trunk, throws them several zhang away, catches them with its tusks, and stabs them. Drinking water mixed with washed ivory powder cures diseases. The elephant gallbladder resides in the four legs according to the seasons: in spring, it is in the front left leg; in summer, in the front right leg. It remains fixed like a turtle. There is a claw-like structure at the tip of the trunk capable of holding needles. The flesh has twelve varieties, with only the trunk being the original flesh. The small chest bone, burned to ash and taken with wine, enables floating on water. Eating its flesh causes bodily heaviness. Ancient teachings state that elephants gestate for five years before giving birth.

*Yan Yi* states: Ivory refers to the two tusks protruding from either side of the mouth, hanging down and flanking the nose, which are not the chewing teeth inside the mouth; these teeth are used separately in medicine. What is currently used as elephant hu tablets are these tusks.