味苦。疗寒热。生地上，赤头，长足，有角，群居。七月七日采。
唐本退二十种六种《神农本经》，一十四种《名医别录》。
味甘，平，无毒。主明目，止泪，疗泄精，去臭恶气，伤寒头痛，上气，腰痛。一名
蕙草。生下湿地，三月采，阴干，脱节者良。
陶隐居云∶俗人呼燕草，状如茅而香者为薰草，人家颇种之。《药录》云∶叶如麻，两
两相对，《山海经》云∶薰草，麻叶而方茎，赤花而黑实，气如靡芜，可以已厉。今市人皆
用
锡等
云
味甘，温，无毒。主大风邪气，湿痹寒痛。久服轻身，益寿耐老。一名冬葵子。生河
东。
陶隐居云∶方∶药亦无用此者，乃有固活丸，取是野葛一名尔。此又名冬葵子，非葵菜
之冬
味苦，微温，无毒。主风寒湿痹，身重，四肢疼酸，寒邪厉节痛。一名别枝，一名别
骑，一名鳖 。生蓝田川谷。二月、八月采。
陶隐居云∶方∶家时有用处，今俗亦绝尔。
味苦，温，无毒。主充肌肤，益气，令人暴肥，不可久服，血脉满盛。生田野。五月
、八月采。
陶隐居云∶方∶药不复用。唐本注云∶齐头蒿也，所在有之。叶似防风，细薄无光泽。
味咸，平，有毒。主鬼疰，精物，邪恶气，杀百精，蛊毒，老魅注易，亡走，啼
哭，悲伤，恍惚。一名徐长卿。生陇西池泽山谷。
陶隐居云∶此又名徐长卿，恐是误尔，方家无用。此处俗中皆不复识也。
Bitter in flavor. Treats alternating chills and fever (Hanre). Grows on the ground, with a red head, long legs, and horns, living in groups. Harvested on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
The Tang Ben Cao (Tang Dynasty Materia Medica) records the removal of twenty species, six of which are from the *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica), and fourteen from the *Mingyi Bielu* (Record of Famous Physicians).
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily brightens the eyes, stops tearing, treats seminal emission (Xijing), eliminates foul odors, treats headache due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), rebellious Qi (Shangqi), and lower back pain. Also known as Huicao. Grows in damp places, harvested in March, dried in the shade; those with detached joints are considered superior.
Tao Hongjing stated: Common people call Yancao. The herb resembling cogon grass but fragrant is Xuncao (Aromatic Grass), which is widely planted by households. The *Yaolu* states: Leaves resemble hemp leaves, opposite each other. The *Shanhai Jing* states: Xuncao has hemp-like leaves and square stems, red flowers, and black fruits; its scent resembles Mingwu (Peucedani Radix), and it can be used to cure epidemics. Currently, market practitioners all use... [text incomplete] ... Xi et al. said.
Sweet in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats severe wind-pathogenic factors, cold-damp bi-syndrome (Shibi), and cold pain. Long-term consumption lightens the body, benefits longevity, and delays aging. Also known as Dongkuizi. Grows in the Hedong region.
Tao Hongjing stated: Prescriptions rarely use this; only the Guhuo Wan (Solidify Life Pill) takes it as an alias for Yege (Wild Hemp). This is also called Dongkuizi, not referring to the winter variety of Okra (Kui Cai)... [text incomplete].
Bitter in flavor, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats wind-cold-damp bi-syndrome, heaviness of the body, soreness and pain in the four limbs, and joint pain caused by cold pathogenic factors. Also known as Biezhi, Bieqi, and Die... [text incomplete]. Grows in the valleys of Lantian. Harvested in February and August.
Tao Hongjing stated: It is occasionally used in prescriptions, but now it is completely absent in common practice.
Bitter in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily fills the flesh and skin, tonifies Qi, causes sudden obesity, should not be taken for a long time as it leads to excessive fullness of the blood vessels. Grows in fields. Harvested in May and August.
Tao Hongjing stated: It is no longer used in prescriptions. The Tang Ben Cao annotation notes: This is Qitouhao (Allium senescens var. glaucum), found everywhere. The leaves resemble Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), thin and lacking luster.
Salty in flavor, neutral in nature, toxic. Primarily treats Gui Zhu (Ghost Tethering, a contagious disease with shifting symptoms), Jingwu (Essence Spirits/Demons), evil qi, kills hundred essences, Gu poison (Gu Poison), Lao Mei Zhu Yi (possession by old demons causing mental changes), running away in delirium, crying, sadness, and trance. Also known as Xuchangqing. Grows in the pools, marshes, and valleys of Longxi.
Tao Hongjing stated: This is also called Xuchangqing, which is likely an error, as practitioners do not use it. It is no longer recognized by common people in this area.