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Ascaris (Hui Chong) is one of the nine parasites. It is one chi long, or sometimes five to six cun long. Its movement may be triggered by deficiency and weakness of the fu and zang organs, or by consuming sweet and fatty foods. When it moves, it causes abdominal pain, swelling and lump formation that move up and down, with intermittent pain, and may also attack the heart causing heart pain. There is excessive salivation or vomiting of clear water. If it ascends to damage the heart, death ensues.

Upon pulse diagnosis, if there is abdominal pain, the pulse should theoretically be deep, weak, and wiry; however, if it is instead surging and large, this indicates ascaris infection.

Taenia solium (Cun Bai Zhe) is also one of the nine parasites. It is one cun long, white in color, with a small and flat shape. It can be activated by deficiency and weakness of the fu and zang organs. Some say it results from drinking white wine; others claim it arises from eating beef roasted on mulberry branches or consuming raw chestnuts.
It is also said that consuming raw fish followed immediately by milk or cheese leads to its formation. Its activation damages the body's essence and qi, causing pain and weakness in the lower back and legs.
It is further stated that if this parasite grows to one chi in length, it causes death.

Enterobius vermicularis (Tuo Chong) is likewise one of the nine parasites. Its form is extremely fine and small, resembling modern pinworms. It is also caused by deficiency and weakness of the fu and zang organs leading to its activation. Severe cases can result in hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, scabies, tinea, leprosy-like conditions, carbuncles, sores, and various other ulcers.
Tuo Chong occurs in individuals with extreme bodily deficiency; thus, when active, it causes widespread pathological changes.

Accumulation and Gathering diseases (Ji Ju) arise from disharmony between yin and yang, deficiency and weakness of the fu and zang organs, invasion by wind pathogenic factors, and the struggle between these pathogens and the qi of the organs. Fu organs belong to yang; Zang organs belong to yin. Yang qi floats and moves; yin qi sinks and hides. Accumulations (Ji) are formed by yin qi and originate from the five zang organs. Initially, they do not leave their specific location, so their movement has limits. Gatherings (Ju) are formed by yang qi and originate from the six fu organs; therefore, they have no fixed root, move without stopping, and cause pain without a constant location. When various organs are invaded by pathogens, accumulation and gathering do not initially form. Only when the pathogen lingers and does not depart does accumulation and gathering develop.

The accumulation of the Liver is named Fei Qi (Fat Qi). It is located under the left hypochondrium, shaped like an inverted cup, with distinct head and foot structures. If untreated for a long time, it induces malaria that persists for years. This condition is acquired during the late summer days of Wu and Ji. Why? Because Lung disease transmits to the Liver, and Liver disease should transmit to the Spleen. However, the Spleen is prosperous in late summer; a prosperous organ does not accept pathogenic transmission. The Liver attempts to send the pathogen back to the Lung, but the Lung refuses to accept it. Thus, the pathogen remains and knots to form an accumulation. Hence, we know Fei Qi is acquired in late summer.

The accumulation of the Heart is named Fu Liang (Hidden Beam). It starts above the umbilicus, as thick as an arm, extending upward to below the heart. If untreated for a long time, it causes mental restlessness and irritability. This condition is acquired during the autumn days of Geng and Xin. Why? Because Kidney disease transmits to the Heart, and Heart disease should transmit to the Lung. The Lung is prosperous in autumn, and the Kidney is prosperous in winter; prosperous organs do not accept pathogenic transmission. The Heart attempts to send the pathogen back to the Kidney, but the Kidney refuses to accept it. Thus, the pathogen remains and knots to form an accumulation. Hence, we know Fu Liang is acquired in autumn.

The accumulation of the Spleen is named Pi Qi (Stagnant Qi). It is located in the epigastrium, covering a large area like a plate. If untreated for a long time, it causes flaccidity and inability to use the four limbs, jaundice, and failure of food intake to nourish muscles and skin. This condition is acquired during the winter days of Ren and Gui. Why? Because Liver disease transmits to the Spleen, and Spleen disease should transmit to the Kidney. The Kidney is prosperous in winter; a prosperous organ does not accept pathogenic transmission. The Spleen attempts to distance itself from the Liver, but the Liver refuses to accept the return of the pathogen. Thus, the pathogen remains and knots to form an accumulation. Hence, we know Pi Qi is acquired in winter.

The accumulation of the Lung is named Xi Ben (Gasping Accumulation). It is located under the right hypochondrium, covering a large area like a cup. If untreated for a long time, it causes chills and fever, wheezing, coughing, and lung abscess. This condition is acquired during the spring days of Jia and Yi. Why? because Heart disease transmits to the Lung, and Lung disease should transmit to the Liver. The Liver is prosperous in spring; a prosperous organ does not accept pathogenic transmission. The Lung attempts to send the pathogen back to the Heart, but the Heart refuses to accept it. Thus, the pathogen remains and knots to form an accumulation. Hence, we know Xi Ben is acquired in spring.

The accumulation of the Kidney is named Ben Tuo (Rushing Pig). It originates in the lower abdomen and extends upward to below the heart, resembling the sensation of gas rushing up and down at irregular intervals. If untreated for a long time, it causes wheezing and counterflow qi, bone atrophy, and shortness of breath. This condition is acquired during the summer days of Bing and Ding. Why? Because Spleen disease transmits to the Kidney, and Kidney disease should transmit to the Heart. The Heart is prosperous in summer; a prosperous organ does not accept pathogenic transmission. The Kidney attempts to send the pathogen back to the Spleen, but the Spleen refuses to accept it. Thus, the pathogen remains and knots to form an accumulation. Hence, we know Ben Tuo is acquired in summer. These constitute the Five Accumulations.

Pulse diagnosis: A rapid and tight pulse indicates accumulation and gathering. A floating and firm pulse indicates accumulation and gathering. A transversely oriented pulse indicates accumulation and gathering under the hypochondrium. A small, deep, and solid pulse indicates accumulation and gathering in the stomach, accompanied by inability to eat and immediate vomiting upon ingestion. A fine, deep pulse felt against the bone indicates an accumulation. If the pulse manifests on the left, the accumulation is on the left; if on the right, the accumulation is on the right; if on both sides, the accumulation is in the center. Diagnosis is made according to the pulse position.

Diagnosis of Lung Accumulation Pulse: Floating and feathery, scattering upon pressure. Symptoms include rebellious qi under the hypochondrium, pulling pain in the back, shortness of breath, forgetfulness, dizziness, cold skin. The condition improves in autumn and worsens in summer. Main symptoms include intermittent pain in the skin resembling crawling insects, severe pain like needle pricks, and itching. The complexion is white.

Diagnosis of Heart Accumulation Pulse: Deep and knotted (Kou), moving up and down without a fixed location. Symptoms include palpitations, heat in the abdomen, red face, dry throat, mental restlessness, heat in the palms, and hemoptysis in severe cases. Main symptoms include muscle twitching and blood syncope. The condition improves in summer and worsens in winter. The complexion is red.

Diagnosis of Spleen Accumulation Pulse: Floating, large, and long. The pulse weakens when hungry and becomes apparent when full. Qi rises competing with grain, feeling like peaches or plums protruding externally. Symptoms include abdominal distension, vomiting, diarrhea, borborygmus, heaviness of the four limbs, edema of the calves, and syncope preventing lying down. Main symptoms include muscle damage. The condition improves in late summer and worsens in spring. The complexion is yellow.

Diagnosis of Liver Accumulation Pulse: Wiry and fine. Symptoms include pain in both hypochondria, rebellious qi moving to the epigastrium, cold calves, hypochondriac pain radiating to the lower abdomen. In men, it causes hernia; in women, strangury. The body lacks luster, prone to muscle spasms, nails are dry and black. The condition improves in summer and worsens in autumn. The complexion is green.

Diagnosis of Kidney Accumulation Pulse: Deep and rapid. Symptoms include pulling pain between the spine and waist, appearing when hungry and subsiding when full. Symptoms include lower back pain, urgency and tension in the lower abdomen, dry mouth, swollen and ulcerated throat, blurred vision, coldness in the bones, marrow syncope, and forgetfulness. The condition improves in summer and worsens in winter. The complexion is black.

In diagnosing heart and abdominal accumulations, a firm, strong, and urgent pulse indicates survival; a weak and urgent pulse indicates death.
Furthermore, regarding the pulse of accumulation and gathering, a excess and strong pulse indicates survival, while a deep pulse indicates death. Treatments involving decoctions, moxibustion/heat application, acupuncture, and stone therapy have separate standard formulas. Methods of tonification, nourishment, and guidance are attached below.

According to "Yang Sheng Fang · Dao Yin Fa" (Prescriptions for Nourishing Life · Guiding and Pulling Methods): Place the left foot upon the right foot. This eliminates accumulation beneath the heart.
It also states: For accumulation beneath the heart, sit upright, extend the waist, face the sun and tilt the head back. Slowly inhale air through the mouth and swallow it. Repeat thirty times, then open the eyes and proceed.
It also states: Lie on the left side, extend the arms and straighten the legs. Inhale through the mouth and exhale through the nose, repeating continuously. This eliminates accumulation and discomfort beneath the heart.
It also states: Press the right hypochondrium with the left hand, and raise the right hand to stretch maximally. This eliminates accumulation and old blood stasis.
It also states: Close the mouth and breathe slightly. Sit upright facing the direction of the King Qi. Open the nostrils to inhale, guide the qi to the lower dantian (navel), and exhale slightly through the mouth. Repeat twelve cycles. This eliminates knotting and gathering. Lower the head and hold breath for twelve cycles to digest food and make the body light and strong. Practicing this in winter prevents coldness.
It also states: Sit upright, extend the waist, straighten up, spread both arms, and turn palms upward. Inhale through the nose and hold the breath until maximum capacity, repeating seven breaths. This is called "Shu Shang Qiao." It eliminates accumulation under the hypochondrium.
It also states: In the early morning, remove the pillow, lie supine, extend arms and legs, close eyes and mouth, and hold breath. Maximize abdominal expansion and lift both feet. Perform two breaths. Then, inhale deeply, lifting the abdomen and raising both feet, clench fists. Wait until breathing stabilizes slightly, then repeat. Practice three times in spring, five in summer, seven in autumn, and nine in winter. This purges the five zang organs and moistens the six fu organs, curing all diseases. For those with abdominal accumulation, expand and inhale into the abdomen until warmth is generated; the mass will disperse and break, resulting in cure.