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The Lung governs Qi and manifests in the skin and hair (mao pi). When a person engages in physical exertion or labor, their Qi escapes outward, causing the interstices (cou li) to open. If they then expose themselves to wind to cool off, cold pathogenic factors suddenly injure the Lung, immediately triggering coughing; thus, it is called sudden Qi cough (Bao Qi Sou). The presentation involves severe coughing with little sputum.

Ke Ni (Cough with rebellious Qi) refers to coughing accompanied by upward rebellion of Qi. Qi belongs to Yang, circulates through the Zang-Fu organs, and disseminates to the interstices, while the Lung is the master of Qi. Cough diseases arise from Lung deficiency combined with exposure to mild cold. Cold condenses with Qi, preventing its dissemination; Stomach Qi rebels and gathers back into the Lung, causing Lung distension and fullness, so that Qi fails to descend, resulting in Ke Ni. The symptoms include cough, chest fullness, rebellious Qi, pain in the shoulders and back, sweating, and pain in the buttocks, inner thighs, knees, calves, ankles, and feet. Decoctions, hot compresses, acupuncture, and stone therapy have separate specific formulas for treatment. Nourishing and guiding exercises are attached hereafter.

The *Yang Sheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Health Preservation) · *Dao Yin Fa* (Guiding and Pulling Methods) states: First inhale air through the nose, then close the mouth, and inhale again through the nose; this will cure cough. In the early morning, remove the pillow, lie supine with the body straight, extend arms and shins, close eyes and mouth, hold breath, and strive to distend the abdomen; perform two breath cycles with both feet. After a moment, inhale to hollow the abdomen, extend both legs fully, clench fists tightly, and attempt to settle breathing slightly; repeat this practice. In spring, three times; in summer, five times; in autumn, seven times; in winter, nine times. This method cleanses the Five Zang organs and moistens the Six Fu organs, curing all ailments.

It also states: Turn head backward to look behind, tilt head backward to look up, holding breath for seven cycles. This treats Ke Ni, chest disorders, and alternating chills and fever.

When the Lung is affected by cold, mild cases result in coughing. Chronic cough indicates extreme Lung deficiency. Since the Lung is extremely deficient, Qi invades it, leading to prolonged illness lasting years and months. If Qi remains rebellious and fails to descend for a long time, it transforms into generalized edema and facial swelling. This occurs due to deficiency in both interior and exterior, allowing Qi to invade alternately.

Lung deficiency combined with mild cold causes cough. During coughing, Qi returns and gathers in the Lung, causing distension; this is termed Ke Ni. Pathogenic factors contend with healthy Qi; since healthy Qi cannot be disseminated smoothly, it rebels upward to the throat and pharynx. When pathogenic factors are latent, Qi is still; when they move, Qi rushes upward, causing severe oppression and a feeling of impending death; hence, it is called Ke Ni Shang Qi (Rebellious Qi Cough with Upward Flow).

Lung affected by cold results in cough if mild. Chronic cough with rebellious Qi occurs because deficiency allows pathogenic factors to invade Qi, causing it to rebel and rush upward. With extreme Lung Qi deficiency, pathogenic factors lodge in the Heart, manifesting intermittently. Thus, upon onset, Qi rushes rebelliously to invade the Heart, causing severe oppression and a feeling of impending death; after a short period, it settles, only to recur later, lingering continuously for a long duration.