凡蝮中人,不治,一日死。若不早治之,纵不死者,多残断人手足。
蝮蛇形不乃长,头褊口尖,颈斑,身亦艾斑,色青黑,人犯之,颈腹帖着地者是也。江
东诸山甚多,其毒最烈,草行不可不慎。
又有一种,状如蝮而短,有四脚,能跳来啮人,名曰千岁蝮,中人必死。然其啮人竟,
即跳上树,作声云斫木者,但营棺具,不可救;若云捣菽者,犹可治。吴音呼药为菽故也。
虺形短而褊,身亦青黑色。山草自不甚多,每六、七月中,夕时出路上,喜入车轹中,
令车轹腹破而子出。人侵晨及冒昏行者,每倾意看之。其螫人亦往往有死者。
青 蛇者,正绿色,喜缘树及竹上,自挂与竹树色一种,人看不觉,若入林中行,有落
人项背上者,然自不伤啮,啮人必死。而蛇无正形,极大者不过四五尺,世人皆呼为青条
蛇,言其与枝条同色。乍看难觉,其尾二三寸,色黑者,名 尾,毒最猛烈,中人立
此是诸毒蛇夏日毒盛不泄,皆啮草木,及吐毒着草木上,人误犯着此者,其毒如被蛇螫
不殊。但疮肿上有物如虫蛇眼状,以此别之,名为 毒。
蜂类甚多,而方家不具显其名。唯地中大土蜂最有毒,一螫中人,便即倒闷,举体洪肿
。诸药治之,皆不能卒止。旧方都无其法。虽然,不肯杀人。有禁术封唾,亦微效。又有瓠
HT蜂,抑亦其次。余者犹瘥。
Whenever a person is bitten by a viper (Fushé, 蝮蛇) and left untreated, death occurs within one day. If not treated early, even those who survive often suffer mutilation, resulting in the amputation of hands or feet.
The viper is not very long in body shape; its head is flat, mouth sharp, with neck markings and body patterns resembling mugwort, colored blue-black. The one that presses its neck and belly to the ground when encountered by humans is the viper. They are abundant in the mountains of Jiangdong, possessing the most potent venom; caution is essential when walking through grass.
There is another type, similar to the viper but shorter, with four legs, capable of jumping to bite humans, named "Thousand-Year Viper" (Qiānsuì Fù, 千岁蝮). A bite from this snake is invariably fatal. However, after biting, it jumps onto a tree and makes a sound. If it sounds like "chopping wood" (Zhuómù, 斫木), only coffin preparations are needed as it is incurable; if it sounds like "pounding beans" (Dǎoshū, 捣菽), it may still be treatable. This is because in the Wu dialect, medicine is called "shū".
The hui snake (Huǐ, 虺) has a short and flat body, also colored blue-black. It is not very common in mountain grasses, usually appearing on roads in the evenings during June and July. It likes to enter wheel ruts, where wheels crush its abdomen, allowing offspring to emerge. Travelers at dawn or dusk must look carefully. Its bites can also be fatal.
The green snake (Qīngshé, 青蛇) is pure green, preferring to climb trees and bamboo, blending in with their color, making it hard to see. In forests, it may fall on a person's neck or back, but it does not bite or harm unless provoked; if it bites, death ensues. There is no fixed standard form for this snake; the largest are only four or five chi long. People call it "Green Strip Snake" (Qīngtiáo Shé, 青条蛇) because it resembles branches. Difficult to notice at first glance, if the tail is two or three cun long and black, it is named [Missing Character] Tail, possessing the most fierce venom; a bite causes immediate [death/poisoning].
This refers to various venomous snakes whose summer toxins are not dissipated; they bite plants and spit venom onto them. Humans accidentally touching these plants suffer toxicity equivalent to a snakebite. The wound swells and exhibits lesions resembling insect or snake eyes, distinguishing this condition as [Missing Character] Poison.
There are many types of bees, but medical texts do not explicitly name all of them. The underground earth bee (Tǔfēng, 土蜂) is the most toxic; a single sting causes immediate fainting and generalized edema. Conventional medicines cannot stop the symptoms quickly. Old formulas lack methods for treating this. Although it rarely kills, applying incantations and sealing with saliva offers slight efficacy. The Hu HT bee is less toxic. Others are even milder.