凡病新瘥后,食猪肉及肠血,肥鱼脂腻,必大下利,医所不能复治也,必至于死。若食
饼饵、粢饴,哺炙脍、枣、栗诸果物脯,及牢实难消之物,胃气尚虚弱,不能消化,必结热
复病,还以药下之。
经言春气温和,夏气暑热,秋气清凉,冬气冰寒,此四时正气之序也。冬时严寒,万类
深藏,君子固密,则不伤于寒。触冒之者,乃为伤寒耳。其伤于四时之气,皆能为病,而以
伤寒为毒者,以其最为杀厉之气焉。即病者为伤寒;不即病者,为寒毒藏于肌骨中,至春变
为温病。是以辛苦之人,春夏必有温病者,皆由其冬时触冒之所致也。凡病伤寒而成温者,
先夏至日者为病温,后夏至日者为病暑。其冬复有非节之暖,名为冬温之毒,与伤寒大异也
。
有病温者,汗出辄复热,而脉躁疾,不为汗衰,狂言不能食,病名为何?曰∶病名阴阳
交,阴阳交者死也。人所以汗出者,皆生于谷,谷生于精,今邪气交争于骨肉之间而得汗者
,是邪却而精胜,则当食而不复热。复热者,邪气也,汗者,精气也。今汗出而辄复热者,
是邪胜也。汗出而脉尚躁盛者死。今脉不与汗相应,此不称其病也,其死明矣。狂言者是失
志,失志者死。今见三死,不见一生,虽愈必死。
凡皮肤热甚,脉盛躁者,病温也。其脉盛而滑者,汗且出也。凡温病患,二三日,身躯
热,腹满,头痛,食欲如故,脉直疾,八日死。四、五日,头痛,腹满而吐脉来细强,十二
日死,此病不治。八、九日,头不疼,身不痛,目不赤,色不变,而反利,脉来牒牒,按不
弹手,时大,心下坚,十七日死。病三、四日以下不得汗,脉大疾者生;脉细小难得者,死
不治也。下利,腹中痛甚者,死不治。其汤熨针石,别有正方,存神攘辟,今附于后。
《养生方·导引法》云∶常以鸡鸣时,存心念四海神名三遍,辟百邪止鬼,令人不病。
东海神名阿明 南海神名祝融 西海神名巨乘 北海神名禺强
又云∶存念心气赤,肝气青,肺气白,脾气黄,肾气黑,出周其身,又兼辟邪鬼。欲辟
却众邪百鬼,常存心为炎火如斗,煌煌光明,则百邪不敢干之。可以入温疫之中。
After a disease has just resolved, if the patient consumes pork, intestines, and blood, as well as fatty fish and greasy animal fats, severe diarrhea will inevitably occur. This condition is beyond the curative capacity of physicians and will ultimately lead to death. If the patient consumes cakes, malt sugar, roasted meat, raw fish slices served at dusk, dates, chestnuts, dried fruits, and other hard-to-digest foods, the stomach qi remains weak and unable to digest them. This will inevitably cause heat to accumulate and the old illness to recur; in such cases, purgative medicines should be used to treat it.
The Classics state: The qi of spring is mild and harmonious, the qi of summer is hot and sultry, the qi of autumn is cool and clear, and the qi of winter is icy cold. These constitute the normal sequence of the four seasons. In winter, when the cold is severe, all things hide deeply. A gentleman who firmly secures his exterior (consolidates his defensive qi) will not be injured by cold. Those who are exposed to and冒犯ed by the cold will suffer from Shanghan (Cold Damage). Exposure to the qi of the four seasons can cause various diseases, but among them, Shanghan is considered the most toxic because it is the most lethal pathogenic factor. Diseases that manifest immediately after exposure are called Shanghan; those that do not manifest immediately involve cold toxicity hiding within the muscles and bones, which transforms into Wenbing (Warm Disease) in spring. Therefore, laborers often contract Wenbing during spring and summer, caused by their exposure to cold during winter. For those who contracted Shanghan and transformed into warmth, those who fall ill before the Summer Solstice are diagnosed with Bingwen (Disease of Warmth), while those who fall ill after the Summer Solstice are diagnosed with Bingshu (Disease of Summerheat). If there is unseasonable warmth in winter, this toxic qi is named Dongwen (Winter Warmth), which is vastly different from Shanghan.
In cases of Wenbing, the patient sweats but fever returns immediately, the pulse is rapid and restless, and the fever does not subside with sweating. The patient speaks deliriously and cannot eat. What is the name of this disease? It is said: The disease is named Yin-Yang Jiao (Interaction of Yin and Yang), and Yin-Yang Jiao indicates a fatal prognosis. Human sweat originates from grain (food), and grain essence generates jing (essence). When pathogenic factors contend with healthy qi between the muscles and bones, resulting in sweat, it implies that the pathogen is retreating and jing is prevailing; thus, the patient should be able to eat and not have recurrent fever. Recurrent fever indicates the dominance of pathogenic factors; sweat represents the consumption of jing. Now, since sweat is followed immediately by fever, it signifies that the pathogen has overcome the jing. If the pulse remains rapid and vigorous after sweating, death is imminent. The current pulse does not correspond to the sweating, indicating a mismatch between the disease and the pulse, making death evident. Delirious speech indicates loss of zhi (will/shen), and loss of zhi leads to death. Seeing three signs of death without any sign of life, even if there is temporary improvement, death is inevitable.
When the skin is extremely hot and the pulse is full and restless, it is a case of Wenbing. If the pulse is full and slippery, sweat is about to appear. In patients with Wenbing, if on the second or third day of illness, the body is hot, the abdomen is distended, there is headache, appetite remains normal, and the pulse is straight and rapid, death will occur on the eighth day. On the fourth or fifth day, if there is headache, abdominal distension with vomiting, and the pulse is fine and strong, death will occur on the twelfth day; this disease is difficult to treat. On the eighth or ninth day, if the head does not hurt, the body does not ache, the eyes are not red, the complexion does not change, but diarrhea occurs instead, and the pulse comes rapidly (die die), feels non-resilient upon pressure, sometimes becomes large, and the area below the heart is firm, death will occur on the seventeenth day. If no sweat occurs within three to four days of onset, and the pulse is large and rapid, survival is possible; if the pulse is fine, small, and difficult to feel, death is certain and untreatable. If there is diarrhea with severe abdominal pain, it is also fatal and untreatable. Regarding treatments using decoctions, moxibustion/ironing, acupuncture, and stone needles, there are separate specific formulas, which are attached hereafter.
The "Yangsheng Fang · Daoyin Fa" states: At the time of the rooster's crow (early morning), one should visualize and silently recite the names of the Four Seas deities three times to repel hundred evils and ghosts, preventing illness. The deity of the East Sea is named Aming; the deity of the South Sea is named Zhurong; the deity of the West Sea is named Jucheng; the deity of the North Sea is named Yuqiang. It further states: Visualize the heart qi as red, liver qi as green, lung qi as white, spleen qi as yellow, and kidney qi as black, circulating around the body, which also helps repel evil spirits. To repel various evils and ghosts, one should constantly visualize the heart as a blazing fire like a dipper, shining brightly, so that hundred evils dare not interfere. This practice allows one to enter areas affected by epidemic fevers safely.