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Jingxian (Convulsive Epilepsy due to Fright) originates from fright, terror, or loud crying, which damages the spirit and agitates the mind, causing unstable Qi dynamics and irregular pulse conditions, thereby triggering epilepsy due to fright. When one initially perceives that a child is about to be frightened, one should immediately hold and comfort them, and the fright will subside naturally. Therefore, when raising young children, one must always be cautious to prevent fright and avoid exposing them to loud noises. Whenever holding or carrying a child, movements should be calm and gentle to avoid frightening them. Additionally, during thunderstorms, one should plug the child's ears and make other soft sounds to mask the noise.

For Jingxian, moxibustion should be performed according to diagrams, and medicated ointments should be applied for massage; drastic purgation must not be used. Why? Because in Jingxian, the Heart Qi is unstable. Purgation would cause internal deficiency, making it extremely difficult to treat. During the active phase of any type of epilepsy, when the hands and feet are twitching and contracting, one must be careful not to grasp or restrain the patient forcibly, as this will lead to stiffness and inability to flex or extend the joints.

Fengxian (Wind Epilepsy) arises from improper nursing and care, leading to disharmony of Blood and Qi, allowing Wind pathogenic factors to invade; or it may result from wearing clothes that are too thick, causing sweating and opening the Couli (pores), through which Wind enters. At the onset, symptoms first manifest as fingers curling as if counting, followed by twitching and contraction. One should administer Xin Tang (Heart Decoction).

Furthermore, if the illness begins with body heat, accompanied by convulsions, fright, crying, and calling out, followed by the onset of epilepsy, and the pulse is floating, it is classified as Yang Epilepsy. The pathology is located internally in the Six Fu Organs and externally on the skin and muscles, making it relatively easy to treat. If the illness begins with a cold body, without fright, crying, or calling out, and develops into an illness where the pulse is deep upon onset, it is classified as Yin Epilepsy. The pathology is located internally in the Five Zang Organs and deeply in the bone marrow; severe cases are difficult to treat.

During an attack, if the body is soft and the patient regains consciousness intermittently, it is called Epilepsy (Xian). If the body is rigid, extending backward like a bow (opisthotonos), and the patient does not regain consciousness, it is called Spasm (Jing).

Palpating the Heart pulse, if full and large, indicates Epilepsy with tendon cramping. Palpating the Liver pulse, if small and rapid, also indicates Epilepsy with tendon cramping. If the Cun and Chi pulses are both floating, with a straight up-and-down quality, this indicates involvement of the Du Mai (Governing Vessel), presenting as rigidity of the waist and back, with inability to bend or look up. In pediatric Fengxian, the three positions of the pulse are tight and urgent; such epilepsy is treatable. Pediatric pulses often resemble the rapid fluttering of sparrows fighting, but the primary focus should be on the three positions; if the pulse is tight, it is certainly Wind Epilepsy.

In all types of epilepsy attacks, when the hands and feet are twitching and contracting, one must strictly avoid grasping or restraining the patient, as doing so will cause joint stiffness and immobility.

The manifestations of an epileptic seizure include eyes and mouth pulling to one side, eyeballs rolling upward, twitching of the hands and feet, rigidity of the spine, retroflexion of the head and neck, or fingers curling as if counting. All these are caused by cooling off while exposed to wind and irregular breastfeeding or feeding habits. Recurrence after recovery occurs because residual pathogenic factors have not been fully cleared. Due to the weakness of the child's Blood and Qi, recurrence may be triggered by irregular diet, exposure to wind-cold, or renewed fright. Such cases often develop into chronic, persistent ailments. In all active phases of epilepsy, when the hands and feet are twitching and contracting, one must strictly avoid grasping or restraining the patient, as doing so will cause joint stiffness and immobility.