常有死后一日半日,气口脉犹动者,此惟富贵人多有之。其故由于平日颐养丰浓,所谓
取精
多用物宏,魂气深固难散;或病中多服人参,摄其无根虚阳,结于胸中,不得遽散也。故少
年急病,及强死之人,有半日身温者,亦以生气未尽也。更有死后暂复回生者,身凉无脉,
神气清明,言谈娓娓,曲尽情理,反胜平日,此游魂为变,亦惟少年屈死,及志奢未遂者有
之。此皆无关于延医,而不可不知其理。
胎脉变幻最多,《脉经》总以阴阳嘘吸停匀为主。乃近尝诊有细弱而两旁涣散有晕,一
息五
至以上,来盛去衰,仅以浮中之候,重按即空,细审举按之间,指下微见滑疾,全似血虚气
燥之脉。此血虚有热之妇,一二月之孕多见之。若专据脉,不知为孕也,亦必以甘酸之剂养
之,方保不堕。鬼胎脉,曾诊一人,其尺部沉细而驶,指下似滑,短居关后,不能上寸,三
部脉俱不扬,起伏甚小。诊于八九月之期,仅似初孕二三月者,别无奇怪之处,气血不促之
妇,多有此脉。当时殊不知为鬼胎也,其后屡次腹痛欲产,而腹渐消索矣,亦无他病。
王汉皋谓∶有始孕不及十日半月,其人狂厥欲死,但时发时止,发如病危,止即如常,
即须
防是有孕,而未明言,所以致此之故也。历验所诊始孕,怪脉、怪证甚伙。其证或极寒内栗
,或极热如焚,或气短欲绝,或汗出不止,或遍身发斑,或腹痛如撮。其脉或一部不见,
或
一部坚搏,或忽来忽止,形如雀啄,或时大时小,早晚不定。推原其故,皆因受胎之顷,或
正
值劳倦,或正值醉饱,正值饥渴,或正值风凉,正值暑热,或正值惊恐,或正值忧虑,或正
值忿怒,或素体血虚,经后肝燥,津液未回而即孕,或睡未足而惊醒,血未归心。此皆正气
未复,而即受胎,诸气即挟之而入胎矣。胞脉
络心,其气相感,故见诸脉证也。私胎多有此象,以其神明不定也。二三月后,邪气渐散,
正气渐复,即不见矣。亦有必须以药调之者,否则有伤堕之虞也。
There are cases where the Qi Kou pulse (pulse at the radial artery of the wrist) still beats one or half a day after death; this is mostly seen in people from wealthy and noble families. The reason lies in their daily luxurious life and rich diet, known as "extracting essence while using much," which causes the Hun Qi (ethereal soul energy) to be deeply rooted and difficult to dissipate; or it may be due to excessive consumption of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) during illness, which captures the rootless deficient Yang, causing it to knot in the chest and not dissipate quickly. Therefore, young people who die from acute diseases, as well as those who suffer violent deaths, may have warm bodies for half a day after death because the Sheng Qi (vital energy) has not yet completely exhausted. Even more rarely, some temporarily revive after death; although their bodies become cool and pulseless, their Shen Qi (spiritual energy) is clear, their speech is coherent and reasonable, sometimes even surpassing their usual state; this is caused by wandering Hun acting up, and it only occurs in youths who died unjustly or whose ambitious desires were unfulfilled. These situations are unrelated to seeking medical treatment, but the principles behind them must be understood.
Fetal pulses (Tai Mai, 胎脉) exhibit the most variations; the *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) generally emphasizes the uniformity of Yin and Yang respiration. However, recently I examined a case where the pulse was fine and weak, with a scattered halo on both sides, beating more than five times per breath, with a strong arrival and weak departure, perceptible only at superficial (Fu, 浮) and middle (Zhong, 中) depths, feeling empty upon deep pressure (Chen, 陈). Carefully observing between lifting and pressing, the fingers felt slightly slippery and rapid, resembling entirely the pulse of Blood deficiency and Qi dryness. This type of pulse is commonly seen in women with Blood deficiency and Heat during the first one or two months of pregnancy. If judged solely by the pulse without recognizing pregnancy, one would inevitably prescribe Sweet and Sour formulas to nourish, thereby ensuring the prevention of miscarriage. Regarding Ghost Fetus pulse (Gui Tai Mai, 鬼胎脉), I once examined a patient whose Chi pulse (Kidney pulse) was deep, fine, and rapid, feeling slippery under the fingers, positioned short behind the Guan (Cun-Guan-Chi system), unable to reach the Cun position. All three positions lacked elevation, with very small fluctuations. At the stage of eight or nine months of pregnancy, the pulse resembled that of early pregnancy (two to three months), with no other abnormalities; women with non-rushed Qi and Blood often present this pulse. At the time, I did not know it was a ghost fetus; later, she experienced repeated abdominal pain and urge to deliver, while her abdomen gradually shrank and wasted away, with no other illnesses.
Wang Hangan stated: There are cases where, less than ten days or half a month after conception, the person experiences mania and cold limbs almost leading to death, occurring intermittently; during attacks, they appear critically ill, but when symptoms cease, they return to normal. One must suspect pregnancy, though the cause was not explicitly stated. Through repeated verification of diagnosed early pregnancies, abnormal pulses and symptoms are numerous. Symptoms include extreme internal chills, extreme heat like burning, shortness of breath nearly ceasing, continuous sweating, generalized macules, or abdominal pain as if being squeezed. Pulses may show absence in one position, hardness and pounding in one position, sudden cessation resembling bird pecking, or fluctuating size irregularly. Tracing the root cause, these occur when conception happens during fatigue, drunkenness or overeating, hunger or thirst, wind and cold, summer heat, fright, worry, anger, or when the constitution is inherently Blood deficient, Liver dry after menstruation, fluids not restored before conception, or waking abruptly from insufficient sleep with Blood not returning to the Heart. In all these cases, Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) has not recovered before conception, allowing various pathogenic Qi to enter the fetus along with it. Since the Bao Mai (uterine vessels) connect to the Heart, their Qi interacts, resulting in these various pulse and symptom manifestations. Illicit pregnancies often present this image due to unstable Shen Ming (spiritual clarity). After two or three months, as pathogenic Qi dissipates and Zheng Qi recovers, these phenomena disappear. Some cases require medicinal regulation; otherwise, there is a risk of injury or miscarriage.