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(From Li Dongyuan's *Pi Wei Lun* [Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach]) Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage) in individuals with deficient constitution.
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Zhi Gancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 1 qian); Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) (each 3 fen); Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (each 5 fen); Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus).
Mahuang Renshen Shaoyao Tang (Ephedra, Ginseng, and Peony Decoction), assisted by Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Wuweizi (Schisandra), and Maidong; Danggui (Dong Quai) and Gancao (Licorice) combine to induce sweating while tonifying deficiency; it brings health when taken by those with external contraction due to deficiency. (Li Dongyuan treated a poor scholar who had internal latent heat and contracted severe cold externally, resulting in hemoptysis. Following Zhang Zhongjing's method of adding tonifying agents to Mahuang Tang, he formulated this prescription, which cured the patient after one dose. The original explanation states: "Mahuang disperses external cold, Guizhi tonifies exterior deficiency, Huangqi consolidates the exterior and benefits Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), Renshen supplements Qi to secure the interior, Maidong and Wuweizi protect Lung Qi, Gancao tonifies the Spleen, Shaoyao soothes the Taiyin, and Danggui harmonizes the blood." Later generations used this formula to treat common colds in deficient individuals with considerable efficacy. However, if hematemesis or epistaxis occurs, Mahuang and Guizhi are ultimately contraindicated. Do not blindly believe in and erroneously administer it merely because of Li Dongyuan's occasional success.)

(From Tao Jian'an's *Shanghan Liu Shu* [Six Books on Cold Damage]) Treats Yang-deficient Shanghan where sweat cannot be produced.
Renshen (Ginseng), Huangqi (Astragalus), Gancao (Licorice), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) (each 1 qian); Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) (processed, 5 fen); Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each 8 fen); Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (5 fen); Wei Jiang (Baked Ginger) (5 slices); Dazao (Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus) (2 pieces); add fried Baishao (White Peony Root) a handful. (In summer, add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum); in winter, no need to add.)
Zaizao San (Revitalizing Powder) uses Renshen and Gancao; Guizhi, Fuzi, Jiang (Ginger), Fangfeng, Chuanxiong, and Baishao; boiled with Xixin, Dazao, and Wei Jiang. The method for Yang deficiency with anhidrosis should be thoroughly understood. (Tao Jian'an in *Shanghan Liu Shu* stated: "Headache, fever, aversion to cold, and absence of sweat; when diaphoretic medicines are administered for two to three doses without inducing sweat, quack doctors fail to recognize this syndrome. Regardless of the season, they use heavy doses of Mahuang to forcibly extract sweat, causing many deaths. They do not realize that Yang deficiency prevents the production of sweat, hence this syndrome is named 'Wu Yang Zheng' (Non-Yang Syndrome)." Therefore, he established this decoction. Using Renshen, Huangqi, Gancao, Jiang, Guizhi, and Fuzi to greatly tonify Yang Qi. Assisted by Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Fangfeng, and Xixin to disperse cold and release the exterior. Baishao is added to gather Yin within Yang, providing restraint within dispersion. He further stated: "People only know that Renshen and Huangqi can stop sweating, but do not know they can also induce sweating, because within the group of exterior-releasing herbs, they assist the exterior herbs to resolve the pathogen." This demonstrates Tao Jian'an's profound insight.)