〔程〕黄瓜。动寒热虚热。天行热病后。皆不可食。（案此注本孟诜。）
案藏器曰。胡瓜北人避石勒讳。改呼黄瓜。至今因之。而今此称黄瓜。则避石勒讳之说。难信欤。
葵心。不可食。伤人。叶尤冷。黄背赤茎者。勿食之。
〔程〕葵心有毒。其叶黄背赤茎者。亦有毒。不可食。
案弘景云。葵叶尤冷利。不可多食。葵心。此犹 心。桃叶心之心。谓葵菜嫩心也。
胡荽。久食之。令人多忘。（千金同。）
〔程〕胡荽。开心窍伤神。久食之。故令人多忘。
病患。不可食胡荽及黄花菜。
〔鉴〕胡荽。耗气。黄花菜。破气耗血。皆病患忌食。
案本纲。黄瓜菜。一名黄花菜。始出于汪颖食物本草。本经所指。未知此物否。
芋。不可多食。动病。（案千金云。动宿冷。）
〔程〕芋难克化。滞气困脾。（案此注。本于宗 。）
妊妇。食姜令子余指。
〔程〕余指。六指也。姜形如列指。物性相感也。
博物志云。妊娠啖生姜。令儿多指。
蓼多食。发心痛。
〔程〕孙真人曰。黄帝云。食蓼过多。有毒。发心痛。以气味辛温故也。
蓼。和生鱼食之。令人夺气阴咳疼痛。（咳。程金鉴。作核。是。）
〔程〕生鱼。 之属。合食则相犯。令人脱气阴核痛。
〔鉴〕阴核痛。亦湿热致病耳。
案千金云。黄帝书曰。食蓼过多。有毒发心痛。和生鱼食。令人脱气阴核痛求死。又黄帝云。食
小蒜啖生鱼。令人夺气。阴核疼求死。阴核。即阴丸也。
芥菜。不可共兔肉食之。成恶邪病。（千金。黄帝云。）
〔程〕芥菜。昏人眼目。兔肉。伤人神气。合食必为恶邪之病。
小蒜多食。伤人心力。
〔程〕小蒜。辛温有小毒。发痼疾。多食气散。则伤心力。
食躁或躁方。（或。赵徐作式。）
豉。浓煮汁饮之。
〔程〕豉汁。虽能解毒。而躁字有误。
〔鉴〕食躁或躁者。即今之食后时或恶心。欲吐不吐之病也。故以豉汤吐之。
钩吻。与芹菜相似。误食之杀人。解之方。（〔原注〕肘后云。与茱萸食芹相似。○今本肘后。芹。作
芥。无茱萸二字。千金引肘后云。钩吻茱萸食芥。相似。外台引肘后云。钩吻与食芹相似。肘后又云。此非钩吻。）
荠 （八两）
上一味。水六升。煮取二升。分温二服。（〔原注〕钩吻生地旁无他草。其茎有毛。以此别之。○案
此注千金外台。引肘后。接前与食芹相似为一条。千金云。煮取三升。冷如人体。服五合。日三夜二。凡煮
荠。惟令浓佳。肘后外台。无此文。）
案外台。引肘后又云。此多生篱埒水渎边。绝似茶。人识之无敢食。但不知之。必是钩吻。按本草。
钩吻。一名野葛。又秦钩吻。乃并入药用非此。又一种。叶似黄精。唯花黄茎紫。亦呼为钩吻。不可食。故
经方。引与黄精为比。言其形色相似也。本经所谓与芹菜相似者。别是一种。陶氏于
本草。则云钩吻是毛茛。而于肘后。则云此非钩吻。盖以蔓生者为钩吻。以似芹者为毛茛耶。唐本注。已
辨其非。当考本草。盖钩吻有数种。故古人所说不一者。以其所见各不同也。今以此间所有考之。藤本之外。
草本木本黄精叶。及芹叶。凡五种。皆见有俚人误食中毒者。则知当据各书所论。
而辨其物也。若欲强并为一草。则谬矣。
菜中有水莨菪。叶圆而光。有毒。误食之。令人狂乱。状如中风。或吐血。治之方。
甘草。煮汁服之。即解。
〔程〕荠 。甘草。解百药毒。
苏敬唐本注云。毛茛。是有毛石龙芮也。百一方云。菜中有水茛。叶圆而光。生水旁。有毒。蟹多食
之。案此草生水旁。其毒如莨菪。故名之水莨菪。苏氏以为毛茛。引百一方。此岂水茛下脱菪字耶。外台。
引肘后亦云。食蟹中毒。或云。是水茛所为。时珍不辨茛莨。作水茛。附于释名中。
恐疏。案莨音浪。茛音艮。云叶圆而有光。则水莨菪。即是石龙芮。而毛茛。叶有毛而无光。
千金。治食莨菪。闷乱如卒中风。或似热盛狂病。服药即剧。
饮甘草汁。蓝汁。
肘后。疗食野葛已死者。
饮甘草汁。但唯多更善。
外台。备急。疗诸药各各有相解。然难常储。今但取一种。而兼解众毒。求之易得者。
甘草。浓煮汁多饮之。无不生也。又食少蜜佳。
千金。甘草汤。主天下毒瓦斯。及山水露雾毒瓦斯。去地风气瘴疠等毒方。
甘草（二两）
上一味。以水二升。煮取一升。分服。
春秋二时。龙带精入芹菜中。人偶食之为病。发时手青
腹满痛不可忍。名蛟龙病。治之方。（青。原本作背。今据赵本及证类本
草改之。）
硬糖（二三升○千金云服寒食饧三斗大验）
上一味。口两度服之。吐出如蜥蜴三五枚瘥。
〔程〕芹菜。生江湖陂泽之涯。蛟龙虽云变化莫测。其精那能入此。大抵是蜥蜴虺蛇之类。春夏之交。
遗精于此故耳。且蛇嗜芹。尤为可证。按外台秘要云。蛟龙子。生在芹菜上。食之入腹。变成龙子。须慎之。
饴粳米杏仁乳饼煮粥食之。吐出蛟子。大验。仲景用硬糖治之。余考之本草。并无硬糖。当是粳米饴糖无疑。
二物味甘。甘能解毒故也。（金鉴同。案程所引外台文。并无考。详见下。）
案刘熙释名云。糖之清者曰饴。形怡怡然也。稠者曰饧。
强硬如锡也。时珍云。古人寒食多食饧。故医方亦收用之。明硬糖。即是饧。程注殆妄矣。
千金云。开皇六年。三月八日。有人食芹得之。其人病
发。似癫痫。面色青黄。因食寒食饧过多。便吐出状似蛟龙。有头有尾。
外台。广济。疗蛟龙病。三月八月。近海及水边。因食生芹。为蛟龙子生在芹菜上。食入人腹。变
成龙子。须慎之。其病发似癫。面色青黄。少腹胀。状如怀妊。宜食寒食饧方。
寒食粥饧三升。日三服之。吐出蛟龙。有两头及尾。开皇六年。又贾桥有人。吃饧吐出蛟龙。大验。
医说云。古有患者。饮食如故。发则如癫。面色青黄。小腹胀满。状如妊孕。医者诊其脉。与证皆异。
而难明主疗。忽有一山叟曰。闻开皇六年。灞桥有人。患此病。盖因三月八日。水边食芹菜得之。有识者曰。
此蛟龙病也。为龙游于芹菜之上。不幸食之而病也。遂以寒食饧。每剂五合。服之
数剂。吐出一物。虽小但似蛟龙状。而有两头。其病者根据而
治之获愈。（出名医录。）
食苦瓠中毒。治之方。
黍穣（黍原本作黎今根据程本金鉴及肘后外台改之案穣禾茎也黎何有穣其讹明矣）
煮汁。数服之解。（肘后。外台。作饮浓汁数升。）
〔程〕苦瓠。匏也。诗云。匏有苦叶。国语云。苦匏不材。于人共济而已。此苦瓠也。黍穣。能解苦
瓠毒者。风俗通云。烧穣可以杀瓠。或云种瓠之家。不烧穣。种瓜之家。不烧漆。
物性相畏也。人食苦瓠过分。吐利不止者。以黍穣汁解之。本诸此。（程注本于时珍）
苏敬云。服苦瓠过分。吐利不止者。以黍穣灰汁解之。
扁豆。寒热者不可食之。（本草。引弘景。）
〔鉴〕扁豆。性滞而补。如患寒热者忌之。
久食小豆。令人枯燥。
〔程〕小豆。逐津液利小便。津液消减。故令肌肤枯燥。
千金云。赤小豆。不可久服。令人枯燥。
食大豆屑。忌啖猪肉。（屑。原本作等。今据徐程及千金改之。）
〔程〕大豆壅气。猪肉滞膈。故忌之。小儿十岁以下。尤忌。
千金云。大豆黄屑。忌猪肉。小儿以炒豆猪肉同食。必壅气致死。十有八九。十岁以上不畏也。
大麦久食。令人作 。（沈作癣。）
〔程〕大麦下气。久食令手足痿弱。而懈惰。
〔鉴〕李 曰。 。疥同。盖麦入心。久食则心气盛。
而内热。内经曰。诸疮疡皆属心火。故作 。
案 。字典。俗疥字。而农家多常食大麦。未尽患疥。
李注不可从。孟诜云。暴食似脚弱。为下气故也。程则本此。
白黍米。不可同饴蜜食。亦不可合葵食之。
〔程〕黍米。令人烦热。饴蜜令人中满。故不可同食。黍米合葵食。成痼疾。亦不可合食。
千金。黄帝云。五种黍米。合葵食之。令人成痼疾。
荞麦面。多食之。令人发落。
案本纲荞麦。一名KT （音翘）麦。千金。黄帝云。荞麦作面。和猪羊肉热食之。不过八九。顿作热风。
令人眉须落。又还生仍稀少。泾 以北。多患此疾。今荞麦面。人多食之。未
有发落者。此必脱和猪羊肉等字。程金鉴并云。荞字有误。当详之。盖失考耳。
盐多食。伤人肺。
〔程〕盐。味咸。能伤肾。又伤肺。多食发哮喘。为终身痼疾也。
千金云。盐不可多食。伤肺喜咳。令人色肤黑损筋力。
食冷物。冰人齿。
食热物。勿饮冷水。
〔鉴〕寒热相搏。脾胃乃伤。
饮酒。食生苍耳。令人心痛。
〔鉴〕酒性纯阳。苍耳味苦有毒。苦先入心。饮酒以行其毒。故心痛。
夏月大醉。汗流。不得冷水洗着身。及使扇。即成病。
〔程〕夏月大醉。汗流浴冷水。即成黄汗。扇取凉。即成漏风。
饮酒。大忌灸腹背。令人肠结。（程金鉴。无忌字。）
〔程〕毋灸大醉人。此灸家所必避忌也。
资生经。下经云。灸时不得伤饱大饥饮酒。
醉后勿饱食。发寒热。
〔鉴〕醉则肝胆之气肆行。木来侮土。故曰勿食饱。发寒热。
饮酒食猪肉。卧秫稻穣中。则发黄。
〔程〕饮酒而食肉。则腠理开。卧稻穣中。则湿热入。是以发黄也。
食饴。多饮酒大忌。
〔鉴〕谚云。酒家忌甘。此义未详。
凡水及酒。照见人影动者。不可饮之。
〔程〕此涉怪异。宜不可饮。
醋合酪食之。令人血瘕。
〔程〕醋酸敛。而酪粘滞。令作血瘕。
千金黄帝云。食甜酪竟。即食大酢者。变作血瘕。及尿血。
食白米粥。勿食生苍耳。成走注。
〔程〕白米粥。能利小便。苍耳子。能搜风。小便利。而
食搜风之物。虚其经络。反致走注疼痛。
〔鉴〕同食成走注病。然必性味不合也。
巢源云。走注候。注者。住也。言其病连滞停住。死又注易傍人也。人体虚受邪气。邪气随血而行。或
淫奕皮肤。去来击痛。游走无有常所。故名为走注。千金黄帝云。食甜粥。复以苍耳甲下之。成走注。
食甜粥已。食盐即吐。
〔程〕甘者。令人中满。食甜物。必泥于膈上。随食以盐。得咸则涌泄也。
犀角箸。搅饮食。沫出。及浇地坟起者。食之杀人。
〔鉴〕抱朴子云。犀食百草及众木之棘。故知饮食之毒。若搅饮食沫出者。必有毒也。浇地坟起者。
此怪异也。故食之杀人。
抱朴子云。蛊之乡有饮食。以此角搅之。有毒则生白沫。无毒则否。国语云。置鸩于酒。置堇于肉。
公祭之地。地坟。与犬犬毙。韦昭注。坟。起也。又范宁注谷梁云。地贲。贲。沸起也。
饮食中毒烦满。治之方。（千金。满。作懑。外台引千金。）
苦参（三两） 苦酒（一升半○千金用酒二升半不用苦酒外台同）
上二味。煮三沸。三上三下。服之吐食出。即瘥。或以水煮亦得。
〔程〕酸苦涌泄为阴。苦参之苦。苦酒之酸。所以涌泄烦满。而除食毒。
又方。犀角汤亦佳。（肘后附方。引梅师方云。或取煮犀角汁一升。亦佳。）
〔鉴〕中毒烦满。毒在胃中。犀角。解胃中毒。
千金。治诸食中毒方。
饮黄龙汤。及犀角汁。无不治也。饮马尿亦良。
贪食。食多不消。心腹坚满痛。治之方。
盐（一升） 水（三升）
上二味。煮令盐消。分三服。当吐出食。便瘥。
〔程〕咸味涌泄。盐水以越心腹坚满。
千金。治霍乱蛊毒。宿食不消。积冷心腹烦满。鬼气方。
用极咸盐汤三升。热饮一升。以指刺口。令吐宿食。使尽不吐。更服讫。复饮。三吐乃住。此法
大胜诸治。俗人以为田舍浅近法。鄙而不用。守死而已。凡有此病。即须先用之。
矾石。生入腹。破人心肝。亦禁水。
〔程〕矾石。伤骨蚀肉。内用必伤心肝也。矾石得水则化。故亦禁水。
本草吴普云。矾石。久服伤人骨。宗 云。矾石不可多
服损心肺。却水故也。水化书纸上。干则水不能濡。故知其性却水也。
商陆。以水服杀人。
〔程〕商陆有大毒。能行水而忌水服。物性相恶而然也。
葶苈子敷头疮。药成入脑杀人。（徐沈并云。成。恐是气字。程金鉴。作气。）
〔鉴〕葶苈大寒。虽能敷疮杀虫。然药气善能下行。则疮毒亦攻入脑矣。故杀人。
水银。入人耳及六畜等皆死。以金银着耳边。水银则吐。（徐沈并云。吐。疑是出。）
〔鉴〕水银大毒。入耳则沉经堕络。皆能死人。以金银着
耳门。引之则吐出。此物性感召之理。犹磁石之引针也。
苦楝。无子者杀人。
〔程〕苦楝有雌雄两种。雄者无子。根赤有毒。服之使人
吐不能止。时有至死者。雌者有子。根白微毒。可入药用。案此注本于宗 。
凡诸毒。多是假毒。以投无知。时宜煮甘草荠 汁饮之。通除诸毒药。（案无。原本。作元。无元字形
相似。故讹耳。程金鉴。作无。是也。投无。徐沈作损元。不可从。）
[Cheng Lin's Note] Cucumber (Huanggua). It can induce alternating chills and fever as well as deficiency heat. After recovery from epidemic febrile diseases, it should not be consumed under any circumstances. (Note: This annotation originates from Meng Shen.)
[Textual Research] Zang Qi stated that "Hu Gua" was renamed "Huang Gua" by people in the north to avoid the naming taboo of Shi Le, a usage that persists to this day. However, since the text here still refers to it as "Huang Gua," the theory regarding the avoidance of Shi Le's name is likely unreliable.
The heart of Malva verticillata (Kuixin) should not be eaten as it harms the body. The leaves are particularly cold in nature. Malva with yellow backs on the leaves and red stems should not be consumed.
[Cheng Lin's Note] The heart of Malva verticillata is toxic. Those with yellow leaf backs and red stems are also toxic and should not be eaten.
[Textual Research] Tao Hongjing stated that Malva leaves are particularly cold and purgative; they should not be eaten in large quantities. The term "heart" here, similar to the "heart" of peach leaves, refers to the tender core of the young Malva vegetable.
Coriander (Husui). Long-term consumption leads to forgetfulness. (Recorded identically in *Qianjin Fang*.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Coriander opens the orifices of the heart but damages the spirit. Long-term consumption causes forgetfulness.
Patients should avoid eating Coriander and Daylily (Huanghua Cai).
[Jin Jian's Note] Coriander depletes healthy qi, and Daylily breaks qi and consumes blood; both are contraindicated for patients.
[Textual Research] *Bencao Gangmu* records that Huanghua Cai is also known as Huangguacai, first appearing in Wang Ying's *Shiwu Bencao*. It is uncertain if the Daylily mentioned in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* refers to this specific plant.
Taro (Yu). Should not be eaten in excess as it may trigger old illnesses. (*Qianjin Fang* states: it triggers latent coldness in the body.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Taro is difficult to digest, obstructs qi mechanism, and burdens the spleen. (Note: This annotation originates from Chen Yan.)
Pregnant women consuming ginger may give birth to children with supernumerary fingers.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Supernumerary fingers refer to six fingers. The shape of ginger resembles aligned fingers; this is due to the sympathetic resonance of material natures.
*Bowuzhi* states that pregnant women eating fresh ginger can cause their children to have extra fingers.
Smartweed (Liao). Excessive consumption induces heart pain.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Sun Simiao stated: The Yellow Emperor said that excessive consumption of Smartweed is toxic and induces heart pain due to its pungent and warm nature.
Consuming Smartweed with raw fish causes loss of qi and yin, leading to pain in the genitalia (Yinhe). (Cheng Lin and Jin Jian consider "cough" to be an error for "genital pain," which is correct.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Raw fish belongs to categories like eel; consuming it with Smartweed creates conflict, causing depletion of qi and yin and resulting in genital pain.
[Jin Jian's Note] Genital pain is also caused by damp-heat pathogenic factors.
[Textual Research] *Qianjin Fang* cites the Yellow Emperor: Excessive consumption of Smartweed is toxic and induces heart pain; combined with raw fish, it causes depletion of qi and yin, genital pain, and even desire for death. The Yellow Emperor also stated that consuming Small Garlic with raw fish causes loss of qi and yin, genital pain, and desire for death. "Genitalia" (Yinhe) refers to the testicles.
Mustard Greens (Jiecai). Should not be eaten together with rabbit meat, as this combination leads to malignant evil diseases. (*Qianjin Fang* cites the Yellow Emperor.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Mustard greens cloud the eyes, and rabbit meat damages the spirit. Consuming them together inevitably results in malignant evil disease.
Small Garlic (Xiosuan). Excessive consumption damages the heart's vitality.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Small Garlic is pungent and warm with slight toxicity; it can trigger chronic diseases. Excessive consumption scatters qi, thereby damaging heart vitality.
For irritability after eating or occasional episodes of irritability.
Consume thick decoction of fermented soybeans (Douchi).
[Cheng Lin's Note] While Douchi juice can detoxify, the character "irritability" (Zao) in the text may be erroneous.
[Jin Jian's Note] "Irritability after eating or occasional irritability" refers to the modern condition of postprandial nausea and retching without vomiting. Therefore, it is treated by inducing vomiting with Douchi soup.
Gelsemium (Gouwen). Resembles celery; accidental ingestion is fatal. The method to antidote it is as follows. ([Original Note] *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* states it resembles Zhuyu and celery. ○ In current editions of *Zhouhou*, "celery" is written as "mustard," lacking "Zhuyu." *Qianjin Fang* cites *Zhouhou*: Gouwen, Zhuyu, and mustard resemble each other. *Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou*: Gouwen resembles edible celery. *Zhouhou* also states: This is not Gouwen.)
Radix Glehniae (Qini) (8 liang)
Take one ingredient, add 6 sheng of water, boil to obtain 2 sheng, divide into two doses and take warm. ([Original Note] Qini growing near Gouwen without other weeds has hairy stems, used for distinction. ○ Note: This annotation cites *Qianjin Fang* and *Waitai Miyao*, citing *Zhouhou*, treating "resembles edible celery" as one item. *Qianjin Fang* states: Boil to obtain 3 sheng, cool to body temperature, take 5 he per dose, three times day and two times night. When boiling Qini, ensure it is thick and palatable. *Zhouhou* and *Waitai* lack this text.)
[Textual Research] *Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou* further: This herb grows near fences and ditches, resembling tea; those who recognize it do not dare eat it, but unrecognized ingestion is certainly Gouwen. Consulting *Bencao*, Gouwen is also called Yege, and Qin Gouwen is medicinal, not this type. Another type has leaves resembling Polygonatum, with yellow flowers and purple stems, also called Gouwen, inedible. Hence, classical formulas compare it with Polygonatum due to similar appearance. The "resembling celery" in *Shennong Bencao Jing* refers to a different species. Tao Hongjing in *Bencao* identified Gouwen as Ranunculus, but in his note on *Zhouhou* said this is not Gouwen. Perhaps vine-like types are Gouwen, while celery-like types are Ranunculus? *Tang Bencao* notes already refuted this; one must consult *Bencao*. There are several types of Gouwen, explaining varying ancient accounts due to different observations. Examining local varieties, excluding vines, there are five types: herbaceous, arborescent, Polygonatum-leaved, and celery-leaved, all recorded cases of folk poisoning. Thus, one should distinguish these herbs based on various texts. Forcing them into one herb is erroneous.
Among vegetables, there is Shui Langdu. Its leaves are round and glossy; it is toxic. Accidental ingestion causes madness resembling stroke or hematemesis. Treatment method follows.
Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao). Decoct and drink the juice to resolve toxicity.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Qini and Gancao can detoxify hundreds of medicines.
Su Jing's *Tang Bencao* note states: Ranunculus is the hairy Stonecrop (Shilongru). *Baiyi Fang* states: Among vegetables is Shui Lang, with round, glossy leaves growing by water; it is toxic, and crabs die from eating too much. Note: This herb grows by water, its toxicity resembles Langdu, hence named Shui Langdu. Su considered it Ranunculus, citing *Baiyi Fang*; perhaps "Lang" was omitted after "Shui"? *Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou*: Crab poisoning is sometimes attributed to Shui Lang. Li Shizhen did not distinguish between Lang and Gen, writing "Shui Gen" in Synonyms, which is likely negligent. Note: "Lang" sounds like lang, "Gen" sounds like gen. Leaves round and glossy indicate Shui Langdu is Shilongru, whereas Ranunculus leaves are hairy and not glossy.
*Qianjin Fang* treats Langdu poisoning: Confusion resembling sudden stroke or manic heat illness; medication worsens symptoms. Drink Gancao juice or Lan juice.
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* treats death from Yegen poisoning.
Drink Gancao juice; more is better.
*Waitai Miyao* Emergency Formulas: Various poisons have specific antidotes, but hard to store constantly. Now taking one to resolve multiple toxins, seeking easy availability.
Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao). Decoct thickly and drink generously; no case of death remains untreatable. Also, consuming small amounts of honey is good.
*Qianjin Fang* Gancao Tang treats all poisonous vapors, including mountain/water dew/fog vapors, earth wind miasmas, etc.
Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao) (2 liang)
Take one ingredient, add 2 sheng of water, boil to obtain 1 sheng, divide doses.
In spring and autumn, dragons carry essence into celery. Accidental human consumption causes illness: hands turn blue, abdominal distension and unbearable pain, named Jiaolong Disease. Treatment follows. ("Blue" originally "back," corrected per Zhao edition and *Zhenglei Bencao*.)
Hard Sugar (Yingtang) (2-3 sheng ○ *Qianjin Fang* says: Consume 3 dou of Hanshi Tang, highly effective)
Take one ingredient, consume orally in two doses. Vomiting out 3-5 lizard-like objects indicates cure.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Celery grows by rivers and marshes. Although dragons change unpredictably, how could their essence enter here? Likely lizards or vipers leaving essence during spring/summer transitions. Snakes love celery, proving this. *Waitai Miyao* states: Dragon eggs grow on celery; ingesting transforms them into dragon offspring inside the body; caution is needed. Eat porridge made with maltose, rice, almonds, milk, and cakes to vomit out dragon eggs, highly effective. Zhang Zhongjing uses Hard Sugar. I consulted *Bencao*, found no Hard Sugar; it must be Rice Maltose (Jingmi Yitang). Both are sweet, and sweetness detoxifies. (Jin Jian agrees. Note: Cheng's citation of *Waitai* lacks verification, see below.)
[Textual Research] Liu Xi's *Shiming* states: Clear sugar is Yi, soft in shape; thick sugar is Xing, hard like tin. Li Shizhen said ancients ate Xing during Cold Food Festival, so medical formulas use it. Thus, Hard Sugar is Xing. Cheng's note is likely wrong.
*Qianjin Fang* states: In the 6th year of Kaihuang, March 8th, someone got sick from eating celery. Symptoms resembled epilepsy, face green-yellow. Due to excessive Hanshi Tang intake, they vomited dragon-like objects with heads and tails.
*Waitai Miyao* Guangji Formula treats Jiaolong Disease. In March/August, near seas/water, eating raw celery containing dragon eggs causes transformation into dragon offspring inside the body; caution needed. Symptoms resemble mania, face green-yellow, lower abdomen distended like pregnancy. Eat Hanshi Tang formula.
Hanshi Congee with Xing (3 sheng), take three times daily. Vomits dragon with two heads and tail. In the 6th year of Kaihuang, someone at Jia Bridge vomited a dragon after eating Xing, highly effective.
*Yishuo* records: An ancient patient had normal diet but acted manic when ill, face green-yellow, lower abdomen distended like pregnancy. Pulse and symptoms were unclear. A mountain elder recalled a case in Kaihuang 6th year at Ba Bridge from eating celery on March 8th. Experts identified it as Jiaolong Disease, caused by dragon essence on celery. Treated with Hanshi Tang (5 he per dose), several doses later vomited a small dragon-like object with two heads. Patient cured. (From *Mingyi Lu*.)
Treatment for Bitter Calabash (Kuhu) poisoning.
Straw of Panicum miliaceum (Shu Rang) (Originally "Li," corrected per Cheng, Jin Jian, *Zhouhou*, *Waitai*. Note: Rang means stalk; Li has no stalk, thus error.)
Decoct and drink in multiple doses to resolve toxicity. (*Zhouhou*, *Waitai*: Drink thick juice, several sheng.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Kuhu is a gourd. *Shijing* says: Gourd has bitter leaves. *Guoyu* says: Bitter gourd is useless except for floating. This is Kuhu. Shu Rang resolves Kuhu toxicity, based on *Fengsu Tong*: Burning straw kills gourds. Or, gourd growers don't burn straw; melon growers don't burn lacquer. Mutual antagonism of natures. For excessive Kuhu ingestion causing persistent vomiting/diarrhea, use Shu Rang juice. (Cheng's note based on Li Shizhen.)
Su Jing stated: For excessive Kuhu ingestion causing persistent vomiting/diarrhea, use ash juice of Shu Rang.
Lablab Bean (Biandou). Contraindicated for those with alternating chills and fever. (*Bencao* cites Tao Hongjing.)
[Jin Jian's Note] Lablab bean is cloying and tonifying; contraindicated for chills/fever conditions.
Long-term consumption of Adzuki Beans (Xiaodou) causes dryness.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Adzuki beans promote fluid loss and diuresis; fluid depletion causes skin dryness.
*Qianjin Fang* states: Red Adzuki beans should not be taken long-term as they cause dryness.
When eating Soybean Bran (Dadou Xie), avoid Pork. ("Xie" originally "Deng," corrected per Xu Lingtai, Cheng Lin, *Qianjin Fang*.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Soybeans stagnate qi, pork clogs the chest; hence contraindicated. Especially forbidden for children under ten.
*Qianjin Fang* states: Soybean bran contraindicated with pork. Children eating fried soybeans with pork risk fatal qi stagnation (80-90% mortality). Those over ten are safe.
Long-term consumption of Barley (Damai) causes tinea/skin lesions (Xuan). (Shen Kuo equates with Xuan.)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Barley directs qi downward; long-term consumption causes limb weakness and lethargy.
[Jin Jian's Note] Li Dongyuan said: Xuan is synonymous with Jie (scabies). Grain enters the Heart; long-term consumption increases Heart fire. *Neijing* states: All sores/ulcers belong to Heart fire, hence tinea.
[Textual Research] *Dictionary* defines Xuan as vulgar form of Jie. Farmers often eat barley without getting scabies. Li's note is invalid. Meng Shen said: Binge eating resembles foot weakness due to directing qi downward. Cheng Lin followed this.
White Millet (Bai Shumi). Do not eat with Maltose/Honey. Do not eat with Malva.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Millet causes vexation/heat; Maltose/Honey causes middle jiao fullness; hence incompatible. Millet with Malva causes chronic disease; hence incompatible.
*Qianjin Fang* cites Yellow Emperor: Five types of millet with Malva cause chronic disease.
Buckwheat Flour (Qiaomai Mian). Excessive consumption causes hair loss.
[Textual Research] *Bencao Gangmu* calls Buckwheat KT (Qiao) Wheat. *Qianjin Fang* cites Yellow Emperor: Buckwheat flour eaten hot with pork/mutton within 8-9 meals causes sudden wind-heat, eyebrow/beard loss, and sparse regrowth. North of Jingzhou suffers this. Modern buckwheat consumers rarely lose hair; likely the text missed "with pork/mutton." Cheng/Jin Jian thought "Qiao" was an error; likely oversight.
Excessive Salt (Yan) damages the Lungs.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Salt is salty, damages Kidneys and Lungs; excessive intake induces asthma, becoming a chronic lifelong disease.
*Qianjin Fang* states: Salt should not be eaten excessively; damages lungs causing cough, darkens complexion, weakens sinews/strength.
Eating cold items injures teeth.
Do not drink cold water after eating hot items.
[Jin Jian's Note] Clash of cold and heat damages Spleen/Stomach.
Drinking alcohol with raw Xanthium (Canger) causes heart pain.
[Jin Jian's Note] Alcohol is pure yang; Xanthium is bitter and toxic. Bitter enters Heart first; alcohol facilitates toxin spread, causing heart pain.
In summer, after heavy drunken sweating, do not bathe in cold water or fan oneself, or illness will result.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Summer drunken sweating + cold bath = Yellow Sweat syndrome. Fanning for coolness = Leaking Wind syndrome.
Drinking alcohol strongly contraindicates moxibustion on abdomen/back, causing intestinal knotting. (Cheng/Jin Jian omit "strongly".)
[Cheng Lin's Note] Do not moxa intoxicated persons; a necessary acupuncture contraindication.
*Zisheng Jing*, *Xiajing*: Do not moxa when overly full, starving, or drunk.
After drunkenness, do not eat until full, or chills/fever will occur.
[Jin Jian's Note] Drunkenness allows Liver/Gallbladder qi to rampage; Wood insults Earth; hence do not eat full. Causes chills/fever.
Drinking alcohol, eating pork, and sleeping on Sorghum/Rice Straw leads to jaundice.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Alcohol/meat opens pores; sleeping on straw allows damp-heat entry, causing jaundice.
Eating Maltose (Yi) with heavy alcohol consumption is strongly contraindicated.
[Jin Jian's Note] Proverb: Wine makers fear sweetness; meaning unclear.
Any water or wine reflecting moving human shadows should not be drunk.
[Cheng Lin's Note] This involves supernatural phenomena; should not be drunk.
Vinegar combined with Cheese/Curd (Lao) causes Blood Ma (Blood accumulation).
[Cheng Lin's Note] Vinegar is astringent; Curd is sticky/cloying; together they form Blood Ma.
*Qianjin Fang* cites Yellow Emperor: Eating sweet curd then sour food transforms into Blood Ma and hematuria.
Eating White Rice Porridge, avoid raw Xanthium; causes Wandering Pain (Zouzhu).
[Cheng Lin's Note] White rice porridge promotes urination; Xanthium expels wind. Diuresis plus wind-expelling herbs empties meridians, causing wandering pain.
[Jin Jian's Note] Combined ingestion causes Wandering Pain due to incompatible natures.
*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*: Wandering Pain (Zouzhu) means staying/residing. Pathogen lingers, spreads to others. Deficient bodies accept pathogens; pathogens follow blood, overflow skin, cause migrating pain. Hence "Wandering." *Qianjin Fang* cites Yellow Emperor: Sweet porridge + Xanthium fruit causes Wandering Pain.
Eating sweet porridge, then salt induces vomiting.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Sweet causes middle jiao fullness; sweet food sticks above diaphragm; salt induces vomiting/purging.
Rhino Horn chopsticks stirring food producing foam, or poured on ground causing mounds, are lethal if consumed.
[Jin Jian's Note] *Baopuzi*: Rhino eats thorns/herbs, detecting poison. Foam indicates toxicity. Ground mounding is supernatural; hence lethal.
*Baopuzi*: In Gu regions, stirring food with horn produces white foam if toxic. *Guoyu*: Poisonous bird (Zhen) in wine, Aconite (Jin) in meat; testing on ground causes mounding; dogs die. Wei Zhao note: Feng means rising. Fan Ning on *Guliang*: Fen means boiling up.
Treatment for food poisoning with vexation/fullness. (*Qianjin Fang*: "Man" is "Men". *Waitai* cites *Qianjin*.)
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (Kushen) (3 liang) Sour Wine (Kujiu) (1.5 sheng ○ *Qianjin* uses 2.5 sheng wine, no Kujiu; *Waitai* same)
Boil two ingredients for three boils, lift and lower three times. Take to induce vomiting of food; cure ensues. Water decoction also acceptable.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Sour/Bitter induce vomiting/drainage (Yin). Kushen's bitterness and Kujiu's acidity induce vomiting/fullness relief and remove food toxin.
Another formula: Rhinoceros Horn Decoction is also good. (*Zhouhou* appendix cites Mei Shi: Decoct Rhinoceros Horn juice 1 sheng, also good.)
[Jin Jian's Note]: Toxin in stomach causes vexation/fullness; Rhinoceros Horn clears stomach toxin.
*Qianjin Fang* treats all food poisonings.
Drink Huanglong Tang or Rhinoceros Horn juice; universally effective. Drinking horse urine is also good.
Treatment for gluttony, indigestion, firm/distended painful abdomen.
Salt (1 sheng) Water (3 sheng)
Boil until salt dissolves, divide into three doses. Vomiting food indicates cure.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Salty flavor induces vomiting/drainage; Salt water resolves abdominal firmness/distension.
*Qianjin Fang* treats Cholera, Gu Poison, retained food, cold accumulation, abdominal fullness, ghost qi.
Use extremely salty salt water (3 sheng), drink 1 sheng hot, stimulate throat with finger to vomit retained food completely. Repeat drinking/vomiting three times to stop. This method surpasses others. Commoners disdain it as rustic; refusing it leads to death. Use immediately for such conditions.
Alum (Fanshi). Raw ingestion ruptures heart/liver. Also contraindicated with water.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Alum damages bones/flesh; internal use harms heart/liver. Alum dissolves in water; hence water contraindicated.
*Bencao* Wu Pu: Long-term Alum damages bones. Chen Yan: Alum damages heart/lungs if overdosed because it repels water. Water turns paper wet; dry alum prevents wetting, showing water-repelling nature.
Phytolacca Root (Shanglu). Fatal if taken with water.
[Cheng Lin's Note] Shanglu is highly toxic, promotes water metabolism but contradicts water administration; mutual antagonism of natures.
Descurainia Seeds (Tinglizi) applied to head sores. If medicine enters brain, causes death. (Xu/Shen suggest "Cheng" is "Qi". Cheng/Jin Jian read "Qi".)
[Jin Jian's Note]: Tingli is very cold; though it treats sores/kills insects, its qi descends, driving sore toxin into brain, causing death.
Mercury (Shuiyin). Entering ears of humans/livestock causes death. Placing gold/silver near ear draws mercury out. (Xu/Shen suggest "Tu" is "Chu".)
[Jin Jian's Note]: Mercury is highly toxic; entering ears sinks into collaterals, causing death. Gold/silver attracts mercury out, like magnet attracting needle.
Toxic Melia (Kulian). Male plants (seedless) are lethal.
[Cheng Lin's Note]: Kulian has male/female types. Male has no seeds, red root, toxic; causes uncontrollable vomiting, sometimes death. Female has seeds, white root, slightly toxic, usable medicinally. Note: Based on Chen Yan.
All poisons are often fake poisons given to the ignorant. Regularly boil Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao) and Radix Glehniae (Qini) juice to drink, resolving all toxins. (Note: Original "Yuan" is error for "Wu". Cheng/Jin Jian correct to "Wu". "Tou Wu" vs Xu/Shen "Sun Yuan"; latter incorrect.)