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One Treatise, Three Pulse and Symptom Clauses (The third clause is suspected to be a textual error for the seventh), Twelve Prescriptions.

When wind pathogen causes disease, it should manifest as hemiplegia (half-body paralysis).

Note: Whenever the qi of any part of the body is blocked and results in numbness (bi syndrome), it is called Bi (Obstruction). Here, only the arm is mentioned, which is citing one corner to represent the whole.

The pulse at the cunkou (radial artery) is floating and tight.

Note: The *Treatise on Bi* states: "The skin does not receive nourishment, hence numbness." The secondary annotation explains: "Numbness means the skin is callous and unaware of touch." The secondary annotation of the *Treatise on the Termination of the Essential Meridians* states: "Numbness refers to the inability to perceive pain, itching, or sensation of good and evil."

Cheng Wuji's commentary on the *Method of Leveling Pulses* states: "Ren (benevolence/humaneness) implies softness. Bu Ren (not soft/numb) means losing that softness, being completely unaware of cold, heat, pain, or itching." He further states: "Bu Ren refers to stiffness and rigidity without sensation."

Cheng's interpretation is not precise. (It should be cross-referenced with the *Blood Bi Chapter*, *Su Wen Shi*, *Treatise on the Termination of the Essential Meridians*, and *Chapter on Blood, Qi, Form, and Will*.)

Furthermore, according to Xu Shi: "When pathogens enter the Fu organs, Fu pathogens must return to the Stomach, as the Stomach is the master of the six Fu organs. Thus, when wind enters the Stomach, Stomach heat becomes excessive, steaming body fluids and condensing them into phlegm-saliva. Qi becomes congested in the meridians and tunnels. Since the collateral branches of the Stomach connect to the Heart, once congestion occurs there, it blocks the orifices through which Shen (Spirit) enters and exits, leading to the inability to recognize people. (Above text quoted from Yu Jiayan's *Medical Laws of the Medical Gate*.) Observe folk practices mimicking Chen Tuo; pressing the Renying pulse points on the neck causes qi stagnation and reversal, leading to an inability to recognize people. Renying belongs to the Stomach meridian. Therefore, the cause of not recognizing people is indeed Stomach qi stagnation, is it not? This explanation may have some merit. Generally, symptoms of entering the Fu vs. entering the Zang organs seem to contradict each other in severity, but upon careful analysis, 'inability to recognize people' is a temporary confusion where one can wake up momentarily; this refers to the closed stage of stroke (Zhong Feng). Difficulty speaking and drooling indicate deep-seated pathology where the Heart Spirit is uncontained, making treatment difficult.

Hou Shi Hei San (Hou Shi Black Powder) (Yu Ben and Lei Ju editions read 'Neng', likely a typo for 'Zi Neng').

The pulse at the cunkou is slow and moderate.

Note: The phrases "Ying is moderate" and "Wei is moderate" employ a double-entendre grammatical structure. The first phrase is the predicate/object, and the second is the subject, contrasting Ying deficiency and Wei deficiency. The character 'moderate' (Huan) carries forward the previous meaning of 'deficient'. (In the *Taiyang Lower Compilation*, 'tight turning inward' uses 'tight' to refer to the pathogen, following the same linguistic example.) "Ying is moderate" means if the chi position pulse is moderate, Ying Qi is deficient. "Wei is moderate" means if the cunkou pulse is moderate, Wei Qi is deficient. Wei deficiency leads to wind-stroke. The clause regarding "Ying is moderate" originally has nothing to do with wind-stroke, yet commentators force an interpretation, which is erroneous.

Feng Yin Tang (Wind Pulling Decoction), used to clear heat and treat paralysis and epilepsy. (Mu Li / Oyster Shell is 3 liang in original texts, while other editions say 2 liang; correction is needed.)

Zhang Shi's *Elucidation of Qian Jin Fang* states: "Feng Yin refers to wind pathogen overflowing to the extremities, causing limb traction and convulsions."

Note: *Ben Cao Yan Yi* records this formula treating wind-heat convulsions and惊痫 (startle epilepsy). *You You Xin Shu* records it as "clearing heat and removing epilepsy" (The Ji Yi edition erroneously writes 'Tan' instead of 'Dian'). *Yi Lei Yuan Rong* records it as "clearing heat [of] epilepsy."

Furthermore, You Shi considers this a potent formula, but its ingredients are merely Da Huang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), and the dosage is only three finger-pinches, so there is no need for concern. "Three finger-pinches" equals slightly more than a square-inch scoop. *Su Wen Shi* under the *Chapter on Disease Capacities* cites Tao's Preface to verify this.

*Qian Jin Fang* treats pediatric high fever, thirst with drinking, and dysentery using the Long Gu Tang (Dragon Bone Decoction). Based on the above formula, remove Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Mu Li (Oyster Shell), Hua Shi (Talcum), Bai Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Album), and Zi Shi Ying (Purple Quartz); add Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root) (each 2 liang). Process by sifting. Boil 2 he of the powder in 5 he of wine and 5 he of water until two boils occur, strain, and administer according to the child's age and size. (Note: The quantity '2 he' is suspected to be erroneous and requires review.)

Fang Ji Di Huang Tang (Stephania Root and Rehmannia Root Decoction) (Gan Cao / Licorice Root is 1 fen; Zhao edition says 2 qian; Lei Ju says 2 fen.)

Note: According to *Qian Jin Fang · Wind Dizziness Section*, this is a prescription by Xu Sibai.

The pulse at the cunkou is deep and weak. Deep indicates bone pathology; weak indicates sinew pathology.

Note: This clause omits mentioning pain, likely due to elliptical writing. If interpreted by commentators as "Water injuring the Heart," relying on "Heart governs sweat," it is questionable because sweating then entering water may not immediately injure the Heart. Moreover, Li Jie (Joint Bi) is a disease of sinews and bones, not involving the Heart directly. There remains suspicion that the character "Heart" is an error. Some argue: "Heart governs blood vessels; injuring the Heart is akin to injuring blood vessels," but this is also speculative.

Furthermore, regarding the differentiation between Li Jie and Huang Han (Yellow Sweat), You Shi's view is accurate. Xu Shi stated: "Huang Han focuses on swelling, Li Jie focuses on pain," which is also correct (though Xu's detailed explanation was less precise). Upon closer examination: Yellow sweat, joint pain, and fever are common to both diseases. However, in Li Jie, yellow sweat appears specifically at painful sites ("Li Jie yellow sweat"). In Huang Han, sweat covers the entire body ("Sweat stains clothes, color yellow like cypress juice"). Swelling in Li Jie is mostly limited to the lower body ("Feet swollen as if detached," "Only one foot enlarged"). Swelling in Huang Han affects the whole body ("Swelling of limbs, head, and face," "Body swelling"). Pain in Li Jie migrates through various joints (as the name suggests). Pain in Huang Han does not migrate (e.g., "Bone joint pain," "Lumbar and hip flaccid pain," "Body ache and heaviness"). Furthermore, chest oppression feeling like pain, which persists and leads to abscesses, is unique to Huang Han, whereas Li Jie lacks this stagnant郁 state. However, since Huang Han disease is rarely seen nowadays, nor is Li Jie presenting with yellow sweat, we discuss this based on textual semantics alone.

Pain in all limb joints, body emaciated and frail. (*Mai Jing* reads "Kui Luo"; Lei Ju agrees. Ji Yi edition suspects "Kui" is an error. Zhao original print reads "Kui".)

Note: The term "HT Lei" (likely referring to emaciation/frailty) is likely "Kui Luo." *Erya* mentions "Qiu," describing trees as "Kui Luo." Annotation: "Refers to trees growing densely, with knotted roots, branches, and nodes, tangled and rugged." Exegesis: "Guo Pu pronounces Lu Zui Fan; Xing Bing says: Kui Luo reads like Lei Luo." Thus, "Kui Luo" refers to the *Erya*'s description, meaning painful areas are knotted and rugged, matching the pathology. "Lei" is also written as "Lei" (see *Yu Pian*). The meaning is clear. (I suspect "Kui Luo" in *Erya* might be a corruption of "Kui Luo," but predecessors did not mention this; I record it here awaiting experts.) Additionally, the character "Zhong Er" in *Yu Pian* is the flesh-radical variant of "Kui Luo," further supporting the previous argument. Perhaps because the second clause also mentions "body emaciated and thin," and "Kui Luo" is unfamiliar to later generations, they changed it to "Lei," obscuring the original meaning.

Furthermore: "Limb joint pain, body Kui Luo, feet swollen as if detached" are three symptoms listed together, similar to the example in Ma Huang Tang listing "body ache, waist pain, bone joint pain." Also, "feet swollen as if detached" and the next clause "only one foot enlarged" describe cold-dampness sinking downward, causing specific edema in the lower body. Chronic cases often develop into Crane Knee Wind (genu varum/valgum with wasting), caused by dampness stagnation. Additionally, "shortness of breath" shares the same mechanism as the shortness of breath in the Gan Cao Fu Zi Tang syndrome.

Chen Cangqi's *Additional Remarks* in the *Mineral Section of Materia Medica* records: "White Lion treats White Tiger disease. People in the east call it Li Gu Feng (Bone Tripping Wind)." (*Zheng He Ben Cao* reads: "People in Jiangdong call it Li Jie Feng.")

Gui Zhi Shao Yao Zhi Mu Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Peony, and Anemarrhena Decoction)

Note: Zhao Shi said: "The dosage is large relative to the water volume, suggesting it is divided into multiple doses rather than taken as one decoction." *San Yin Fang* states: "Take 4 qian per dose." This reasoning is sound. This formula contains nine herbs totaling 31 liang. Converting to modern weights, this is approx. 12.58 qian. Water is 7 sheng, approx. 7.7 chi. Thus, it should be corrected to follow the usage of *Fang Feng Tang*.

Wu Tou Tang (Aconite Decoction) (Original text has "Qu Jie" [flex joints], should be corrected to "Qu Shen" [flex and extend].)

Note: Compared to Gui Zhi Shao Yao Zhi Mu Tang, this formula is more potent, treating acute initial stages of Li Jie, with effects beyond words. Huang Qi (Astragalus Root) also expels dampness, as explained previously.

Fan Shi Tang (Alum Stone Decoction)

Note: This formula can be effective for Hong Kong Foot (Beriberi/Foot Qi) if the condition involves chronic flaccidity. However, for symptoms of pathogen rushing to the heart, it is contraindicated. *Huo Ren Shu* claims washing with decoctions treats Foot Qi, which is a major medical taboo. *Jing Yue Quan Shu* details the distinctions between prohibited and permissible uses; reference is advised.

Attached Formulas

Gu Jin Lu Yan Xu Ming Tang (Ancient and Modern Verified Continuation of Life Decoction) (Ji Yi edition cites *Wai Tai Mi Yao* Wind-Stroke Flaccidity Section recording Xi Zhou Xu Ming Tang. Re-examining *Wai Tai*, the characters "Xi Zhou" should be deleted. "Bu Shi Ren" [not recognize people] should be "Bu Zhi Ren" [not know people].)

Note: This formula is a variation of Da Qing Long Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction), which You Shi describes as combining attack and tonification. The wind pathogen in wind-stroke is initially mild, but severe deficiency of blood and qi allows the pathogen to invade. Generally, exterior symptoms are masked by interior syndromes, making diagnosis difficult. Xu Ming Tang releases the exterior and tonifies deficiency, serving as a standard treatment for wind-stroke. Analyzing its formulation principles clarifies the etiology of wind-stroke. Scholars must ponder this deeply. Many modifications by Jin and Tang physicians exist, but are not listed here for brevity.

Qian Jin San Huang Tang (Thousand Gold Three Yellows Decoction) (In *Qian Jin Fang*, the unit characters in this formula are all written as 'Zhu' [ancient weight unit], reflecting ancient style. Also, '6 sheng' is written as '5 sheng', '3 doses' as '2 doses', 'Fu' [abdomen] as 'Zhang' [distension], 'Zhi Shi 1 piece' as '6 Zhu', 'Ji' [palpitations] has the character 'Xin' [heart] above it, and 'Fu Zi' [aconite] has the character 'Ba Jiao' [eight-cornered] above it.)

Jin Xiao Fang Zhu Fu Tang (Near-Efficacy Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction) (Lei Ju edition reads Zhu Fu Zi Tang.)

Note: Previously, Tou Feng Mo San [Head Wind Massage Powder] was listed. Later editors attached this formula, but it is unrelated to wind-stroke.

Cui Shi Ba Wei Wan (Cui's Eight-Ingredient Pill)

Note: Following Fan Shi Tang etc., later editors attached this formula. This formula addresses conditions where pathogens linger and obstruct the lower abdomen, thus requiring slow treatment. However, for numbness in the lower abdomen indicating impending heart-rushing pathology, this formula is not indicated.

Qian Jin Fang Yue Bi Jia Zhu Tang (Thousand Gold Formula: Minor Green Dragon plus Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) (Sheng Jiang / Fresh Ginger is 2 liang; should be corrected to 3 liang per other editions.)

Note: This is also attached because it treats leg weakness.