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Cough accompanied by vomiting, with both phlegm and food being expelled, indicates injury to the Stomach Qi. This is what the ancients referred to as Lung disease affecting the Stomach. Hematemesis mixed with phlegm indicates injury to the collaterals of the Lung, which corresponds to "heat injuring the blood vessels" mentioned in the *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet). For vomiting of food, treat with Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) modified; for hematemesis, treat primarily with Bufei Tang (Lung-Nourishing Decoction).

Modified Erchen Tang: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 1 qian), Xingren (Prunus Armeniaca Seed, 1.5 qian), Fuling (Poria, 1.5 qian), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root, 0.5 qian), Juhong (Citrus Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum, 1 qian), Zhuru (Bambusa Textilis Bamboo Shavings, 0.8 fen), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, one slice), Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Germen, 100 grains).
Decoct the above herbs in clear water and take orally. Adding Pipa Ye (Loquat Leaf) and Lugeng (Reed Rhizome) is beneficial.

Bufei Ejiao Tang (Lung-Nourishing Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction): Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, 1.5 qian), Doulou (Aristolochiae Fructus, 0.5 qian), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root, 0.5 qian), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus, 1 qian), Xingren (Prunus Armeniaca Seed, seven grains), Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, 100 grains).
Take all ingredients as a single dose. For severe cases, add Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens) and Ouji (Nelumbinis Nuciferae汁).

Dai Fu'an stated: Diarrhea with watery stool but no abdominal pain is caused by Dampness. Food entering the Stomach and immediately being excreted, with undigested food particles in the stool, is caused by Qi Deficiency. Abdominal pain accompanied by watery diarrhea, borborygmus, where pain occurs in bursts followed by diarrhea, is caused by Fire. Intermittent diarrhea with variable amounts is caused by Phlegm. Severe abdominal pain relieved after defecation is caused by Food Retention. Sunxie (diarrhea with undigested food) refers to the complete expulsion of un-digested food and drink, indicating Dampness combined with Wind. Tangxie (loose, sticky stool) refers to the gradual passage of foul, sticky residue, indicating Dampness combined with Heat. Ruxie (clear, cold discharge) refers to clear, cold stools with clear urine, indicating Dampness combined with Cold. Ruxie (heavy body, weakness, profuse watery diarrhea) indicates excessive Dampness. Xiaxie (chronic incontinence of stool) indicates Dampness prevailing with Qi collapse. Therefore, it is said that Dampness often leads to the five types of diarrhea.

Shixie (Dampness Diarrhea), also known as Ruxie, presents with a soggy and fine pulse, symptoms of watery diarrhea, slippery incontinence, borborygmus, heaviness of the body, and absence of abdominal pain. It arises from Dampness in the Spleen and Stomach, leading to failure to transform food and fluids, and confusion between the clear and turbid. This condition frequently occurs during prolonged rainy seasons or when the climatic influence of Wet Earth is dominant. This corresponds to the *Neijing* statement "Excess Dampness leads to Ruxie" and the *Zuo Zhuan* statement "Excessive rain causes abdominal diseases." Additionally, cold-water qi invading the intestines can also cause Ruxie, as stated in the classics: "When Taiyang prevails, cold pathogen lodges in the lower Jiao, transmitting into Ruxie."

*Benshi Fang* Xiongshu Wan treats slippery diarrhea due to Wind-Damp.
Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, prepared, equal parts).
Grind into fine powder, form pills with wheat paste, size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 3-5 pills per dose, washed down with rice decoction.

Xu Shumi stated: The *Zuo Zhuan* records that when King Chu besieged Xiao, the Xiao general was about to surrender. Wushe told Shuzhan, "Do you have wheat flour? Do you have Sanjuqiong (Angelica Dahurica)?", implying he wanted Shuzhan to escape into the water to avoid danger. This shows that Xiong can dispel Dampness. I often add Baizhu and Fuzi to this formula to moderate its properties. It effectively treats Spleen-Damp diarrhea without fail, and also treats Sunxie.

Liu Caochuang Xieshi Tang (Draining Dampness Decoction):
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, raw, 3 qian), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian), Chenpi (Citrus Reticulatae Pericarpium, stir-fried, 1.5 qian), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 1 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 0.5 qian).
Cut into pieces for one dose, decoct in water and take orally.
This formula uses Wind-dispelling herbs to raise Qi and suppress excess Dampness. Hejian stated: If there is dryness and stagnation in the intestines and stomach, body fluids cannot be distributed externally, instead stagnating as Dampness causing diarrhea, or alternating between dryness and Dampness causing intermittent constipation and diarrhea, this is a variation of Dampness Diarrhea. I have observed elderly patients with chronic diarrhea whose symptoms ceased after drinking cow's milk; such cases belong to this category.

Weiling Tang treats persistent diarrhea due to excessive Spleen-Damp.
Pingwei San (Regulate the Stomach Powder), Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). (Equal parts).
Cut into pieces, decoct in water and take orally.

Pingwei San treats alcohol-induced diarrhea that persists and worsens after drinking. Add Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Suosha (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), and Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), each 5 qian, grind into powder. Take 2 qian mixed with rice decoction, and the condition will resolve immediately.

Shengyang Chushi Tang (Raising Yang and Draining Dampness Decoction) (See formula for Sunxie).

Dongyuan stated: I suffered from long-term Spleen and Stomach deficiency, resulting in half-loss of vision and hearing, shortness of breath, and insufficient spirit. This was due to weak Yang Qi that could not extend freely, hiding within Yin. In the sixth and seventh months of the Gui-Mao year, continuous rainy and cold weather lasted over a month. Many people fell ill with diarrhea and dysentery. One day, I felt heavy-bodied and painful in the joints, with loose stools and urinary retention. The treatment principle for various diarrheas and dysenteries is: if urination is difficult, first promote diuresis. It is also said: To treat Dampness, one must not fail to promote urination. Alas! The methods of the sages are recorded in medical texts, but their deeper meanings must be sought through insight. Now, external pathogenic cold-dampness enters from the exterior to the interior. If one uses bland and permeating diuretic agents to eliminate it, this is lowering again and lowering, further increasing Yin and doubly depleting Yang. Consequently, Yang Qi will be further weakened, and spirit more depleted. Therefore, one must use Yang-raising Wind herbs: Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), each 1 qian; Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), 0.5 qian; Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root), 0.5 qian. Crush together, decoct in two cups of water until one cup remains, strain, and take warm. The great principle states: When Cold-Damp prevails, use Wind herbs to pacify it. It also says: For sinking conditions, lift them; allow Yang Qi to rise and disperse. It also says: Expel the intruding pathogen; this is correcting deviation by following the curve. Physicians who do not understand the principles of ascending, descending, floating, and sinking, and treat uniformly, achieve cures only by luck.