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Chills and aversion to cold differ in being caused by Yang deficiency or Yang stagnation. For those with Yang deficiency, tonification and warming are appropriate; for those with Yang stagnation, the Upper Jiao should be unblocked to raise the Qi of the Yangming channel. This is what Danxi meant when he said that chills and aversion to cold in chronic illness should be treated by resolving stagnation.

Guizhi Jia Renshen Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Ginseng and Aconite): Treats Yang deficiency leading to insecure Couli (pores/skin texture), manifesting as chills and aversion to cold, spontaneous sweating, and a floating and deficient pulse.
Ingredients: Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) and Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) (each 1 liang 5 qian); Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) (1 liang); Fuzii (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (half piece); Renshen (Radix Ginseng) (1 liang 5 qian).
Usage: Take 5 qian per dose, add 3 slices of Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) and 1 date, decoct in water and take orally.

Case of Yang Stagnation:
An Jinshi (Metropolitan Graduate) named Zhou, nearly forty years old, suffered from chills and aversion to cold. After taking hundreds of doses of Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), his condition worsened. His pulse was wiry and moderate. He was then given Jiangcha (Jiang tea) mixed with Shengjiang juice (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Juice) and a little Xiangyou (Sesame Oil), which induced vomiting of approximately one sheng of phlegm, reducing the symptoms by more than half. Subsequently, Tongsheng San (Tongsheng Powder) was prescribed without Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae), Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas), and Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), but with Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) and Dihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata). After taking over a hundred doses, he recovered.

A young woman suffering from chills and aversion to cold was treated with Kusenshen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis) and Chixiaodou (Semina Phaseoli Angularis), each 1 qian, ground into powder and taken with pickled vegetable water. She vomited a large amount of phlegm. Thereafter, Nanxing (Rhizoma Arisaematis Cum Bile), Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Chinensis), and Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) were used, made into pills with wine and flour paste, which cured her. *Yuanzhu* states: "When the Upper Jiao is not free, Yang Qi is suppressed and obstructed, and the skin and muscles cannot be warmed, resulting in shivering." Dongyuan's Shengyang Yizhe Tang (Shengyang Yizhe Decoction) uses ascending agents to open the Upper Jiao and raise the Qi of the Yangming channel, allowing Yang Qi to emerge to the exterior and provide warmth. Danxi’s method of inducing vomiting to expel damp-phlegm also opens the Upper Jiao, allowing Yang Qi to extend and emerge outward through vomiting to provide warmth. Thus, both methods cure shivering. These two approaches are key to treating Yang stagnation with exterior cold.

Dajianzhong Tang (Greatly Building the Middle Decoction): Treats timidity and coldness due to Middle Jiao deficiency.
Ingredients: Huangqi (Radix Astragali Membranacei), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae), Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) (each 2 qian); Renshen (Radix Ginseng) (1 qian); Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) (1 qian); Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata); Heifuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, peeled after processing) (each 2.5 qian).
Usage: The above eight herbs are crushed. Take 5 qian per dose, add 2 zhan of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 2 dates. Decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm after meals.

Luo Qianfu treated Dong Chengyan, a Jianyuan (Assistant Judge), who had worked excessively hard in summer. He suffered from irritability and thirst, drank a large amount of Tongru (donkey milk), and ate cold foods, leading to diarrhea, borborygmus, abdominal pain, cold limbs, spontaneous cold sweating, cold breath from mouth and nose, and a pulse like fine threads in all six positions, with occasional fainting. The physicians discussed using Congyi (scallion moxibustion) on the lower abdomen and administering SiNi Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) 5 liang, Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) 20 slices, and Lianxu Congbai (Scallion White with roots) 9 stalks, boiled in 3 sheng of water to yield 1 sheng. It was strained and taken cool. By midnight, his body temperature rose, he felt hot, and desired porridge. By dawn, he had recovered. Mr. Xu Luzhai sighed upon hearing this, saying: "Illnesses vary in severity, formulas in size, and treatments in urgency. This case required a large formula applied flexibly and urgently to achieve recovery."

In the past, a woman suffered from severe chills and aversion to cold. Even in midsummer, she had to wear several layers of fur clothing. She sat or lay on her bed day and night, ate normally, and had no other discomfort. Several famous doctors failed to cure her despite trying all tonifying, purging, cooling, heating, warming, and clearing methods. One doctor prepared a large dose of Yupingfeng San (Jade Windscreen Powder), boiled it in a large pot, and let the patient fumigate herself for about half a day. Sweating ensued, and she was cured. (Recorded by Henian)