麻黄加术汤 《金匮》云∶湿家身烦疼，可与麻黄加术汤。发其汗为宜，慎不可
麻黄（三两，去节） 桂枝（二两，去皮） 甘草（一两，炙） 白术（四两） 杏仁（七
水九升，先煮麻黄减二升，去上沫，内诸药煮取二升半，去滓温服八合，覆取微汗。
按∶此治寒湿在表之剂也。寒固当汗，而湿在表者，亦非汗不解，故以麻黄散寒，以白
术除湿。取微汗者，汗大出，则湿反不去也。
麻黄杏仁薏苡甘草汤 治风湿一身尽疼，发热日晡所剧。此病伤于汗出当风，或
久伤取冷所致也。（方详《金匮》，兹不赘。）
羌活胜湿汤（东垣） 治湿气在表，脉浮，身重不能转侧，自汗，或额上多汗，此
羌活 独活（各一钱） 川芎 本 防风 炙草（各五分） 蔓荆子（三分）
如腰痛中冷沉沉然者，有寒湿也。加酒洗汉防己、附子各五分。
按∶此治风湿在腠理及关节之剂。吴鹤皋云∶无窍不入，惟风药为能，故凡关节之疾病
，非羌活、独活等不能致也。
五苓散 通治诸湿肿满，呕逆泄泻，痰饮湿疟，身痛身重。
猪苓 茯苓 白术 泽泻 桂
上为末，每服三钱，服后多饮热水，汗出愈。
肾着汤（《三因》） 治伤湿身重，腰冷，如坐水中。
干姜（炮） 茯苓（各四两） 甘草（炙） 白术（生用，各二两）
上每服四钱，水一盏，煎七分，空心温服。
以上温利之剂，湿兼寒者宜之。
清热渗湿汤
黄柏（盐水炒，二钱） 黄连 茯苓 泽泻（各一钱） 苍术 白术（各一钱半）
上七味，水二蛊，煎至八分服。
此清渗之剂，湿而热者宜之。
Mahuang Jia Zhu Tang (Ephedra Decoction Augmented with Atractylodes Macrocephala) The *Jingui Yaolue* states: For patients suffering from dampness presenting with bodily restlessness and pain, Mahuang Jia Zhu Tang may be administered. It is appropriate to induce sweating; however, one must exercise caution and absolutely avoid profuse sweating.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), three liang, nodes removed; Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), two liang, bark removed; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), one liang, honey-fried; Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), four liang; Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁), seven seeds.
Add nine sheng of water, first boil Ephedrae Herba until the volume reduces by two sheng, skim off the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs. Boil to obtain two and a half sheng of decoction, strain, and take eight he of the warm liquid. After ingestion, cover with blankets to induce slight perspiration.
Commentary: This is a formula for treating cold-dampness located in the exterior. While cold pathogens should indeed be resolved through diaphoresis, dampness residing in the exterior also requires sweating to resolve. Therefore, Ephedrae Herba is used to disperse cold, and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma is used to eliminate dampness. The requirement for slight perspiration arises because profuse sweating causes the dampness to remain rather than being expelled.
Mahuang Xingren Yiyi Ren Gancao Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Seed, Coix Seed, and Licorice Decoction) Treats wind-dampness causing generalized body pain, with fever exacerbating during the Shen hour (15:00–17:00). This condition results from exposure to wind while sweating or from chronic overexposure to cold. (The detailed prescription is found in the *Jingui Yaolue*; it is not repeated here.)
Qianghuo Shengshi Tang (Notopterygium Decoction to Overcome Dampness, created by Li Dongyuan) Treats dampness in the exterior, characterized by a floating pulse, heaviness of the body preventing turning or side-positioning, spontaneous sweating, or excessive sweating on the forehead...
Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活); Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo, 独活), each one qian; Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎); Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix (Gaoben, 藁本); Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风); Honey-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Zhigancao, 炙甘草), each five fen; Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi, 蔓荆子), three fen.
If lower back pain is accompanied by a sensation of cold and heaviness, indicating cold-dampness, add Han Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, 汉防己) washed with wine and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子), each five fen.
Commentary: This is a formula for treating wind-dampness in the couli (interstices) and joints. Wu Hegao stated: Pathogenic factors penetrate everywhere, only wind-dispelling herbs can reach them; therefore, for diseases of the joints, without Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, cure is unattainable.
Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) Universally treats various conditions caused by dampness such as edema and distension, vomiting and regurgitation, diarrhea, phlegm-fluid retention, damp-malaria, body pain, and bodily heaviness.
Polyporus (Zuling, 猪苓); Poria (Fuling, 茯苓); Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术); Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻); Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝).
Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take three qian per dose. After ingestion, drink plenty of hot water; recovery occurs when sweat appears.
Shenzhe Tang (Kidney Attire Decoction, from *Sanyin Fang*) Treats injury from dampness resulting in bodily heaviness, coldness of the waist, and a sensation as if sitting in water.
Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Paojiang, 干姜), processed; Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), each four liang; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Zhigancao, 炙甘草), honey-fried; Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), raw, each two liang.
Take four qian per dose. Add one zhan of water, decoct to seven-tenths volume, and take warm on an empty stomach.
The aforementioned warming and draining formulas are suitable for cases where dampness is combined with cold.
Qingre Shen Shi Tang (Clear Heat and Drain Dampness Decoction)
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, 黄柏), stir-fried with salt water, two qian; Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连); Poria (Fuling, 茯苓); Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻), each one qian; Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu, 苍术); Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), each one and a half qian.
Decoct the above seven ingredients in two zhong of water until eight-tenths remains, then take.
This is a clearing and draining formula, suitable for cases where dampness is combined with heat.