小儿须看三关脉,风气命中审端的,青红紫黑及黄纹,屈曲开了似针直。三关通青四足
惊,水惊赤色谁能明,人惊黑色紫泻痢,色黄定是被雷惊(按此与仙授诀不同,再验之)。或
青红纹只一线,娘食伤脾惊热见,左右三条风肺痰,此时伤寒咳嗽变。火红主泻黑相兼,
痢疾之色亦如然,若是乱纹多转变,沉 难起促天年。赤色流珠主膈热,三焦不和心烦结,
吐泻肠鸣自利下,六和汤中真口诀。环珠长珠两样形,脾胃虚弱心胀膨,积滞不化肚腹痛,
消食化气药堪行。来蛇去蛇形又别,冷积脏寒神困极,必须养胃倍香砂,加减临时见药力。
弓反里形纹外形,感寒邪热少精神,小便赤色夹惊风,痫症相似在人明。枪形鱼刺水字纹,
风痰发搐热如焚,先进升麻连壳散,次服柴胡大小并。针形穿关射指甲,一样热惊非 呷,
防风通圣凉膈同,次第调之休乱杂。医者能明此一篇,小儿症候无难然,口传心授到家地,
遇地收功即近仙。
此诀即徐氏水镜诀之意,陈氏敷演之,取其便诵也。
实症∶两腮红赤便坚秘,小便黄色赤不止,上气喘急脉息多,当行冷药方可治。
虚症∶面光白色粪多青,腹虚胀大呕吐频,眼珠青色微沉细,此为冷痰热堪行。
心惊在印堂,心积额两广,心冷太阳位,心热面颊装。肝惊起发际,脾积唇焦黄,
脾冷眉中岳,脾热大肠侵。肺惊发际形,肺积发际当,肺冷人中见,肺热面腮旁。肾惊耳前
穴,肾积眼胞厢,肾冷额上热,肾热赤苍苍。
For infants, the pulse must be examined by observing the three sections of the fingerprint (the superficial veins on the radial side of the infant's index finger). The presence of wind and qi pathogens is most accurately assessed at the Mingguan section (the distal segment of the fingerprint). The fingerprint may present with blue-green, red, purple, black, or yellow patterns; if the curvature is straight like a needle piercing, it indicates severity. If the color extends through all three sections and is blue-green, it indicates fright from four-footed animals; if the water-related section is red, it is difficult to distinguish clearly; if the human-related section is black or purple, it indicates dysentery; if the color is yellow, it is determined to be fright from thunder (Note: This differs from *Xian Shou Jue* and requires further verification). If there is only a single line of blue-green or red pattern, it results from the mother's dietary injury to the spleen and stomach, manifesting as fright-heat. Three lines on the left or right indicate wind-phlegm in the lungs; this is when cold damage coughs transform. Fire-red indicates diarrhea; if accompanied by black, it resembles the color of dysentery. If the patterns are chaotic, the condition often changes; a deep, difficult-to-rise, and rapid pulse indicates a shortened lifespan. Red beads-like patterns indicate heat in the diaphragm, disharmony of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) causing vexation and depression, accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, borborygmus, and spontaneous loose stools; Liuhe Tang (Six-Harmony Decoction) is the true secret formula for this. Ring-bead and long-bead shapes differ; they indicate spleen and stomach deficiency, heart and abdominal distension, undigested food accumulation causing abdominal pain, treatable with digestive and qi-regulating herbs. Lai She and Qu She (Incoming/Outgoing Snake) shapes are distinct; they indicate cold accumulation and organ coldness with extreme mental fatigue. One must use Yangwei Decoction (Stomach-Nourishing Decoction) with added Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome) and Sharen (Amomi Fructus), adjusting according to circumstances. Gong Fan Li Xing Wen Wai Xing (Bow-reverse inner, pattern outer) indicates invasion by cold pathogenic heat with low spirit, red urine mixed with fright-wind, resembling epilepsy, which must be distinguished by the physician. Qiang Xing (Spear shape), Yu Ci (Fish bone shape), and Shui Zi Wen (Water character shape) indicate wind-phlegm convulsions with burning heat. First administer Shengma Lianke San (Cimicifuga and Uncaria Powder), then follow with Chaihu preparations (Chaihu formulas). Zhen Xing (Needle shape) piercing through the section to the nail indicates heat-fright, not a choking symptom; Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Siler and Gardenia Powder) and Liangge San (Cooling Chest Powder) can be used together, administered sequentially without confusion. If a physician understands this verse, infant conditions will be easy to diagnose. Oral transmission and heart-to-heart teaching reach perfection; achieving results at the right time brings one close to immortality.
This verse derives its meaning from Xu's *Shui Jing Jue* (Water Mirror Verse), elaborated by Chen for ease of recitation.
Excess Syndrome: Both cheeks are red and bright, stool is hard and constipated, urine is yellow and red without stopping, upper body panting and urgency, multiple pulses. Cold-natured medicines should be administered for treatment.
Deficiency Syndrome: Face is bright white, feces are mostly green, abdomen is vacuously distended, frequent vomiting, eyeballs are cyanotic and slightly sunken/dull. This is cold-phlegm syndrome; warm-natured medicines should be administered.
Heart Fright manifests in the Yintang area; Heart Accumulation manifests in the broad forehead; Heart Cold manifests in the Taiyang position; Heart Heat manifests in the cheekbones. Liver Fright originates at the hairline; Spleen Accumulation manifests as dry yellow lips; Spleen Cold manifests in the middle of the eyebrows (Yuetting); Spleen Heat invades the Large Intestine. Lung Fright manifests in the hairline shape; Lung Accumulation manifests opposite the hairline; Lung Cold manifests in the Renzhong groove; Lung Heat manifests on the sides of the face and cheeks. Kidney Fright manifests in the acupoints before the ear; Kidney Accumulation manifests in the eyelid corners; Kidney Cold manifests as heat on the forehead; Kidney Heat manifests as red and rough complexion.