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The *Jisheng Bacui* states: What is the reason for syncope occurring simultaneously with needle insertion? The answer is: First, ignorance of acupuncture contraindications, such as puncturing the heart leading to death within one day. Second, failure to understand pulse indications, such as a sudden enlargement of the pulse in patients with diarrhea leading to death. In all cases of acupuncture and moxibustion, one must first carefully examine the pulse and observe the disease manifestations to know the contraindications. One must also be familiar with the distance between meridians and acupoints, climate factors (referring to the body's reaction to climate or qi dynamics during needling), respiration counts, depth, and measurements.

The *Jinzhen Fu* (Golden Needle Ode) states: If syncope occurs, it is due to deficiency of Shen Qi (Spiritual Qi). It should be treated with tonification methods. Cover the patient with a sleeve. Wait until breath returns to the mouth and nose, then provide hot water. Allow them to rest for a short while, then re-treat according to the previous condition.

Commentary explains: "Treating with tonification" refers to applying tonifying techniques to the retained needle. "Covering with a sleeve" means covering the mouth to prevent qi leakage and covering the face to prevent exposure to wind.

The commentary on the *Zhiwei Fu* (Ode to Subtle Meanings) states: If a physician thoroughly understands the flow of Qi and Blood, selects acupoints accurately without error, and applies tonification and sedation appropriately, there will certainly be no instances of syncope or fainting. However, if an acupoint collateral is accidentally injured due to haste—for example, causing blood syncope by needling the Liver meridian collateral—one can treat it by tonifying the collateral of the Ququan (LR 8) acupoint of the same meridian. Upon needle insertion, the patient revives, with effects akin to raising the dead from the grave. Other cases should follow this pattern.

Liu Zongnong stated: For syncope, use the Duoming (Life-Saving) acupoint for rescue. For males, select the left side; for females, the right side. If ineffective, switch to the other side. Females follow the same rule. This acupoint is located precisely in the depression between the tendons and bones on the lateral aspect of the arm, above the "toad bone," exactly midway from the shoulder to the elbow.

Commentary notes: Regarding the three methods for treating syncope, the *Zhiwei Fu* provides sound reasoning. Liu only mentioned the Duoming acupoint but did not specify which meridian or collateral it belongs to. Current analysis indicates this point is divided between the Lung and Large Intestine meridians. Furthermore, the name "Duoming acupoint" does not exist in ancient texts.

Wei Shi’s book states: To treat continuous pus and blood discharge caused by acupuncture damaging the meridians, use Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 8 liang), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 liang), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), and Ruxiang (Olibanum, separately ground).

The commentary on the *Suwen Yipian* (Lost Chapters of the Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon) states: When using Yuanli needles or Chang needles, warm the needle with one's mouth before insertion. It also states: Hold the needle in the mouth to warm it first. It further states: Warm the filiform needle near the body until it is lukewarm. It also states: Keep it close to the body to warm it.

Commentary explains: Warming the needle with the mouth aims to facilitate the smooth flow of Jing Qi (Meridian Qi) upon entry into the acupoint due to warmth. Placing the needle in hot water achieves a similar intent. There is a slight difference between mouth-warming and body-warming. Mouth-warming heats the needle tip while the handle remains cold. Body-warming is superior, as it heats the entire needle uniformly.