地。故骨繇者。取之少阳。视有余不足。骨繇者。节缓而不取也。所谓繇者。摇故也。当穷
其本也。
今按病筋痿而颤掉者。当取窍阴、窗笼。但窗笼未有所考。恐是太阳小肠听宫是。盖手
足太阳、少阳三脉之会。否则听会未可知。俟当别考。
\r肝脏图\pj-j28.bmp\r
肝重四斤四两。左三叶。右四叶。共七叶。附着于脊之第九椎。其治在左。其藏在右。
在肾之前。并胃。
东方青色。入通于肝。开窍于目。藏精于肝。其病发惊骇。其味酸。其类草木。其畜鸡
。其
臭臊。其声呼。其液泣。其色青。
东方生风。风生木。木生酸。酸生肝。肝主筋。筋生心。肝主目。其在天为玄。在人为
道。
为苍。在音为角。在声为呼。在变动为握。在窍为目。在味为酸。在志为怒。怒伤肝。悲胜
怒。风伤筋。燥胜风。酸伤筋。辛胜酸。
肝者。将军之官。决断行焉。
肝者。罢极之本。魂之居也。其华在爪。其充在筋。以生血气。此为阳中之少阳。通于
春气。肝之合筋也。其荣在爪。其主肺也。
肝气通于目。目和。则知黑白矣。（知当作见）
肝气虚。则梦见菌香生草。得其时。则梦伏树下不敢起。（春三月）
人卧则血归于肝。目受血而能视。足受血而能步。掌受血而能握。指受血而能摄。肝色
青。欲知苍璧之泽。不欲如蓝。（以上俱素问）
肝青象木。木得水而浮。肝得水而沉何也。然。肝者。非为纯木也。乙。角也。大言阴
与阳
从夫也。肝熟而反浮者。乙当归甲。极而反也。〔难经〕
肝有两叶何也。然。肝者。东方木也。春也。万物始生。其尚幼小。意无所亲。去太阴
尚近。（冬）离太阳不远。（夏）犹有两叶。亦应木也。〔难经〕
肝气绝。则筋缩引卵与舌卷。肝者。筋之合也。筋者。聚于阴器而络于舌本。故脉不荣
。则筋缩急。筋缩急。则引卵与舌。故舌卷卵缩。此筋先死。庚日笃。辛日死。
Earth. Therefore, for the condition of *Gu Yao* (instability and trembling of joints), one should select points from the Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. One must examine whether the pathogenic factor is in excess or deficiency to guide treatment. The term "Gu Yao" refers to the symptom of joints being lax and trembling; this is called "Yao," meaning shaking. One must investigate the root cause.
Currently, regarding conditions where tendons are flaccid leading to tremors and shaking, one should select Qiaoyin (GB43) and Chuanglong. However, "Chuanglong" has not been definitively verified; it is likely referring to Tinggong (SI19) of the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian. This is because it is the convergence point of the Hand and Foot Taiyang and Shaoyang meridians. Alternatively, it might be Tinghui (GB2), pending further verification.
[Image: Liver Diagram pj-j28.bmp]
The liver weighs four jin and four liang. It has three lobes on the left and four on the right, totaling seven lobes. It attaches to the ninth thoracic vertebra of the spine. Its functional manifestation is on the left, while its physical organ resides on the right. It is located anterior to the kidneys and adjacent to the stomach.
The East corresponds to the color green, with qi connecting to the Liver. It opens into the eyes. Essence is stored in the Liver. Liver disorders often manifest as fright and terror. Its flavor is sour. Its elemental category is Wood and Plants. Its associated animal is the chicken. Its odor is musky/fishy. Its sound is a shout. Its fluid is tears. Its color is green.
The East generates Wind; Wind generates Wood; Wood generates Sour; Sour generates the Liver. The Liver governs the sinews (tendons); the sinews nourish the Heart. The Liver opens into the eyes. In Heaven, it manifests as profound mystery; in Humanity, it manifests as the Dao; in colors, it manifests as dark green/cyan. In musical tones, it is Jue (Ang); in vocal sounds, it is shouting; in pathological movements, it is grasping/clenching; in orifices, it is the eyes; in flavors, it is sour; in emotions, it is anger. Anger injures the Liver; grief overcomes anger. Wind injures the sinews; dryness overcomes wind. Sour injures the sinews; pungency overcomes sour.
The Liver is the Official of the General, responsible for decision-making and action.
The Liver is the root of endurance against fatigue and the dwelling place of the Hun (Ethereal Soul). Its brilliance manifests in the nails, and it nourishes the sinews, thereby generating blood and qi. This constitutes the Lesser Yang within Yang, communicating with the Qi of Spring. The Liver harmonizes with the sinews. Its brilliance is seen in the nails. The Lung controls the Liver.
Liver qi connects to the eyes. When the eyes are harmonious, one can distinguish black and white. ("Zhi" [know] should be read as "Jian" [see].)
When Liver qi is deficient, one dreams of fragrant mushrooms and growing grass. If this occurs during its proper season (the three months of Spring), one dreams of lying prostrate under a tree, afraid to rise.
When a person sleeps, blood returns to the Liver. The eyes receive blood and thus can see; the feet receive blood and thus can walk; the palms receive blood and thus can grasp; the fingers receive blood and thus can hold objects. The color of the Liver is green. One desires the luster like that of a dark jade disc, not the dullness of blue dye. (All above content is from *Su Wen*)
The Liver is green and symbolizes Wood. Wood floats on water, so why does the Liver sink in water? The answer is: The Liver is not pure Wood. Yi (Yin Wood) corresponds to the Jue tone. Speaking broadly of Yin and Yang, it follows Jia (Yang Wood). When Liver qi matures and floats upward, it is because Yi Wood returns to Jia Wood; this is the principle of reversal at the extreme. [From *Nan Jing*]
Why does the Liver have two lobes? The answer is: The Liver belongs to Eastern Wood and corresponds to Spring. All things begin to grow; they are still young and small, with no specific attachment. They are close to Taiyin (Winter) but not far from Taiyang (Summer). Having two lobes also conforms to the nature of Wood. [From *Nan Jing*]
When Liver qi ceases, the sinews contract, pulling the testicles and causing the tongue to curl. The Liver harmonizes with the sinews. Sinuses gather at the genitalia and connect to the base of the tongue. Therefore, if the vessels fail to nourish the sinews, the sinews will contract and become tight. Tight sinews pull the testicles and tongue, resulting in a curled tongue and retracted testicles. This indicates the death of the sinews first; the condition worsens on Geng days and leads to death on Xin days.