\r足阳明胃经\pj-j13.bmp\r
足阳明之脉。起于鼻。交 中。旁约太阳之脉。下循鼻外。上入齿中。还出挟口。环唇
。下交承浆。
、鼻茎也。鼻山根为 。足阳明起于鼻两旁迎香穴。由是而上。左右相交于 中。过
睛明
右相交于承浆之分也。
却循颐后下廉。出大迎。循颊车。上耳前。过客主人。循发际。至额颅。
腮下为颔。颔中为颐。囟前为发际。发际前为额颅。自承浆却循颐后下廉。出大迎。循
颊车
其支别者。从大迎前下人迎。循喉咙。入缺盆。下膈。属胃络脾。
胸两傍高处为膺。膺上横骨为巨骨。巨骨上陷中为缺盆。其支别者。从大迎前下人迎。
循
其直行者。从缺盆下乳内廉。下挟脐。入气冲中。
直行者。从缺盆而下。下乳内廉。循气户、库房、屋翳、膺窗、乳中、乳根、不容、承
满、
。
其支者。起胃下口。循腹里。下至气冲中而合。
胃下口。下脘之分。难经云。太仓下口。为幽门者是也。自属胃处。起胃下口。循腹里
。过足少阴肓俞之外。本经之里。下至气冲中。与前之入气冲者合。
以下髀关。抵伏兔。下入膝膑中。下循 外廉。下足跗。入中指外间。（ 、户当切。）
抵、至也。股外为髀。髀前膝上起肉处为伏兔。伏兔后交文为髀关。挟膝解中为膑。胫
骨为
。下循跗之冲阳、陷谷。入中指外间之内庭。至历兑而终也。
其支者。下膝三寸而别。以下入中指外间。
此支自膝下三寸。循三里穴之外别下。历上廉、条口、下廉、丰隆、解 、冲阳、陷谷
。以至内庭、厉兑而合也。
其支者。别跗上。入大指间。出其端。
此支自跗上冲阳穴别行。入大指间。斜出足厥阴行间穴之外。循大指下出其端。以交于
足太
五脏六腑之海也。其脉大。血多气盛。壮热。不深不散。不留不泻。刺深六分。留六呼。
承泣 目下七分。直瞳子陷中。阳跷脉、任脉、胃脉之会。铜人。灸三壮。禁针。针之
令人
见物。资生云。当不灸不针。东垣曰。魏邦彦夫人目翳。自下侵上者。自阳明来也。主目冷
泪出。上观。瞳子痒。远视KT KT 。昏夜无见。目 动。与项口相引。口眼 斜。口不能言。
面叶叶牵动。眼赤痛。耳鸣耳聋。
四白 目下一寸。直瞳子。令病患正视取之。素注。针四分。甲乙、铜人。灸七壮。针
三分
肤翳。口眼 不能言。
巨 侠鼻孔旁八分。直瞳子。平水沟。跷脉、足阳明之会。铜人。针三分。得气即泻
。灸
肤白膜。翳覆瞳子。面风鼻 肿。痈痛。招摇视瞻。香港脚膝肿。
地仓 侠口吻旁四分外。如近下有脉微动。手足阳明、任、跷脉之会。铜人。针三分。
明堂
转。灸承浆七七壮即愈。主偏风口 。目不得闭。脚肿。失音不语。饮水不收。水浆漏落
。眼 动不止。瞳子痒。远视KT KT 。昏夜无见。病左治右。病右治左。宜频针灸。以取尽风
气。口眼 斜者。以正为度。
大迎 曲颔前一寸三分骨陷中动脉。又以口下当两肩是穴。素注。针三分。留七呼。灸
三壮
言。目痛不得闭。
颊车（一名机关 一名曲牙） 耳下曲颊端近前陷中。开口有空。铜人。针四分。得气即
泻。
关痛。颔颊肿。牙不可嚼物。颈强不得回顾。口眼 。
下关 客主人下。耳前动脉下廉。合口有空。开口则闭。闭口有穴。足阳明、少阳之会
。素
刺之则欠不能KT 。耳中有干聍摘之。不得灸。主失欠。牙车脱臼。目眩齿痛。偏风口眼 斜
。耳鸣耳聋。耳痛脓汁出。
头维 额角入发际。本神旁一寸五分。神庭旁四寸五分。足少阳、阳明二脉之会。铜人
。针
人迎（一名五会） 颈大脉动应手。侠结喉两旁一寸五分。仰而取之。以候五脏气。足阳
明、
口。铜人。禁针。明堂。针四分。素注。刺过深杀人。主吐逆霍乱。胸中满。喘呼不得息。
咽喉痈肿。瘰 。
水突（一名水门） 颈大筋前。直人迎下。气舍上。铜人。针三分。灸三壮。主咳逆上气
。咽喉痈肿。呼吸短气。喘息不得卧。
气舍 颈直人迎下。侠天突陷中。铜人。灸五壮。针三分。主咳逆上气。肩肿不得顾。
喉痹哽噎。咽肿不消。食饮不下。瘿瘤。
缺盆（一名天盖） 肩下横骨陷中。铜人。灸三壮。针三分。素注。针二分。留七呼。不
宜太
喉痹。汗出寒热。缺盆中肿。外 则生。胸中热满。伤寒胸中热不已。
气户 巨骨下。俞府两旁各二寸陷中。仰而取之。去中行各四寸。去膺窗四寸八分。铜
人。
库房 气户下一寸六分陷中。去中行各四寸。仰而取之。铜人。灸五壮。针三分。主胸
胁满。咳逆上气。呼吸不至息。唾脓血浊沫。
屋翳 库房下一寸六分陷中。气户下三寸二分。去中行各四寸。巨骨下四寸八分。仰而
取之
皮肤痛不可近衣。淫泺。螈 不仁。
膺窗 屋翳下一寸六分陷中。去中行各四寸。铜人。针四分。灸五壮。主胸满短气不得
卧。肠鸣注泄。乳痈寒热。
乳中 当乳中是。铜人。微刺三分。禁灸。灸则不幸生蚀疮。疮中有脓血清汁可治。疮
中有
厥阴肝所属。乳（去声）子之母。不知调养。忿怒所逆。郁闷所遏。浓味所酿。以致厥阴之气
不行。窍不得通。汁不得出。阳明之血沸腾。热甚化脓。亦有所乳之子。膈有滞痰。口气
热。含乳而睡。热气所吹。遂生结核。初起时。便须忍痛揉令稍软。吮令汁透。自可消散。
失此不治。必成痈疖。若加以艾火两三壮。其效尤捷。粗工便用针刀。卒惹拙病。若不得夫
与舅姑。忧怒郁闷。脾气消阻。肝气横逆。遂成结核如棋子。不痛不痒。十数年后为疮陷。
名曰奶岩。以此疮形如嵌凹。似岩穴也。不可治矣。若于始生之际。便能消息病根。使心清
神安。然后施治。亦有可安之理。
乳根 乳中下一寸六分陷中。去中行各四寸。仰而取之。铜人。灸五壮。针三分。素注
。针
不可按。咳逆。霍乱转筋。四厥。
不容 幽门旁。相去各一寸五分。去中行任脉各三寸。上脘两旁各一寸。直四肋间。铜
人。
背相引。不可咳。咳则引肩痛。嗽喘疝瘕。不嗜食。腹虚鸣。呕吐痰癖。
承满 不容下一寸。去中行各三寸。铜人。针三分。灸五壮。明堂。三壮。主肠鸣腹胀
。上气喘逆。食饮不下。肩息唾血。
梁门 承满下一寸。去中行各三寸。铜人。针二分。灸五壮。主胁下积气。食饮不思。
大肠滑泄。完谷不化。
关门 梁门下一寸。去中行各三寸。铜人。针八分。灸五壮。主善满积气。肠鸣卒痛。
泄利。不欲食。腹中气走。侠脐急痛。身肿。痰疟振寒。遗溺。
太乙 关门下一寸。去中行各三寸。铜人。灸五壮。针八分。主心烦。癫狂吐舌。
滑肉门 太乙下一寸。下侠脐下一寸至天枢。去中行各三寸。铜人。灸五壮。针八分。
主癫狂。呕逆。吐血。重舌舌强。
天枢（一名长 一名谷门） 去肓俞半寸。侠脐中两傍各二寸陷中。大肠之募。铜人。
灸五
七呼。主奔豚。泄泻。胀疝。赤白痢水痢不止。食不下。水肿腹胀肠鸣。上气冲胸。不能久
立。久积冷气。绕脐切痛。时上冲心。烦满呕吐。霍乱。冬月感寒泄利。疟寒热。狂言。伤
寒饮水过多。腹胀气喘。妇人女子 瘕。血结成块。漏下赤白。月事不时。
外陵 天枢下一寸。去中行各二寸。素注一寸半。铜人。灸五壮。针三分。素注。针八
分。主腹痛。心下如悬。下引脐痛。
大巨 外陵下一寸。天枢下二寸。素注一寸。去中行各二寸。素注作一寸半。铜人。针
五分。灸五壮。素注。针八分。主小腹胀满。烦渴。小便难。 疝。偏枯。四肢不收。惊悸不眠
。水道 大巨下二寸。素注三寸。去中行各二寸。铜人。灸五壮。针三分半。素注。针二分半
。主肩背酸疼。三焦、膀胱、肾中热气。妇人小腹胀满。痛引阴中。月水至。则腰背痛。胞
中瘕。子门寒。大小便不通。
归来 水道下二寸。素注三寸。去中行各二寸。铜人。灸五壮。针五分。素注。针八分
。主奔豚。卵上入腹。引茎中痛。妇人血脏积冷。
气冲（一名气街） 归来下。素注。腹下侠脐相去四寸。鼠鼷上一寸。动脉应手宛宛中。
冲脉
呼。气至即泻。灸三壮。主腹满不得正卧。 疝。大肠中热。身热腹痛。大气石水。阴痿茎
痛。两丸骞痛。小腹奔豚。腹有逆气上攻心。腹胀满。上抢心。痛不得息。腰痛不得俯仰。
淫泺。伤寒胃中热。妇人无子。小腹痛。月水不利。妊娠子上冲心。产难。包衣不出。东垣
曰。脾胃虚弱。感湿成痿。汗大泄。妨食。三里、气街以三棱针出血。又曰。吐血多不愈。
以三棱针于气街出血立愈。
髀关 膝上伏兔后交分中。铜人。针六分。灸三壮。主腰痛。足麻木。膝寒不仁。痿痹
。股内筋络急。不屈伸。小腹引喉痛。
伏兔 膝上六寸起肉。正跪坐而取之。一云。膝盖上七寸。以左右各三指按捺。上有肉
起如
膝冷不得温。风劳痹逆。狂邪。手挛缩。身瘾疹。腹胀少气。头重香港脚。妇人八部诸疾。
阴市（一名阴鼎） 膝上三寸。伏兔下陷中。拜而取之。铜人。针三分。禁灸。明堂。灸
三壮
以下伏兔上寒。消渴。
梁丘 膝上二寸两筋间。铜人。灸三壮。针三分。明堂。针五分。主膝脚腰痛。冷痹不
仁。难跪。不可屈伸。足寒。大惊。乳肿痛。
犊鼻 膝膑下。 骨上。侠解大筋陷中。形如牛鼻。故名。素注。针六分。铜人。针三
分。
可治。不溃可治。若犊鼻坚硬。不便攻。先洗熨。微刺之愈。
三里 膝下三寸。 骨外廉大筋内宛宛中。两筋肉分间。举足取之。极重按之。则趺上
动脉
人。灸三壮。针五分。明堂。针八分。留十呼。泻七吸。日灸七壮止百壮。素注。刺一寸。
千金。灸五百壮。少亦一二百壮。主胃中寒。心腹胀满。肠鸣。脏气虚惫。真气不足。腹痛
食不下。大便不通。心闷不已。卒心痛。腹有逆气上攻。腰痛不得俯仰。小肠气。水气蛊毒
。鬼击。 癖。四肢满。膝 酸痛。目不明。产妇血晕。不省人事。秦承祖云。诸病皆治。
华佗云。主五劳羸瘦。七伤虚乏。胸中瘀血。乳痈。千金翼云。主腹中寒。胀满。肠中雷鸣
。气上冲胸。喘不能久立。腹痛。胸腹中瘀血。小腹胀皮肿。阴气不足。小腹坚。伤寒热不
已。热病汗不出。喜呕口苦。壮热。身反折。口噤鼓颔。肿痛不可回顾。顾而有所见。喜悲
上下求之。口 。乳肿。喉痹不能言。胃气不足。久泄利。食不化。胁下支满。不能久立。
膝痿寒热。中消谷苦饥。腹热身烦。狂言。乳痈。喜噫。恶闻食臭。狂歌妄笑。恐怒大骂。
霍乱。遗失失气。阳厥。凄凄恶寒。头眩。小便不利。喜哕。香港脚。外台秘要云。人年三十
以上。若不灸三里。令人气上冲目。东垣曰。饮食失节。及劳役形质。阴火乘于坤土之中。
致谷气、荣气、清气、胃气、元气不得上升。滋于六腑之阳气。是五阳之气。先绝于外。外
者天也。下流入于坤土阴火之中。皆由喜、怒、悲、忧、恐为五贼所伤。而后胃气不行。劳
役饮食不节。继之则元气乃伤。当于胃合三里穴中推而扬之。以伸元气。又曰。气在于肠胃
者。取之足太阴、阳明。不下者。取之三里。又曰。气逆霍乱者。取三里。气下乃止。不下
复治。又曰。胃病者。胃脘当心而痛。上支两胁。鬲噎不通。饮食不下。取三里以补之。脾
胃虚弱。感湿成痿。汗大泄。妨食。三里、气街以三棱针出血。若汗不减不止者。于三里穴
下三寸上廉出血。禁酒湿面。又曰。六淫客邪。及上热下寒。筋骨皮肉血脉之病。错取于胃
之合（三里）大危。又曰。有人年少气弱。常于三里、气海灸之。节次约五七十壮。至年老热
厥头痛。虽大寒犹喜风寒。痛愈恶暖处及烟火。皆灸之过也。
巨虚上廉（一名上巨虚） 三里下三寸。举足取之。足阳明胃合手阳明大肠。铜人。灸三
壮。
偏风香港脚。腰腿手足不仁。脚胫酸痛。屈伸难。不能久立。风水膝肿。骨髓冷疼。大肠冷。
食不化。飧泄。劳瘵。夹脐腹胁痛。肠中切痛雷鸣。气上冲胸。喘息不能行。不能久立。
伤
条口 下廉上一寸。举足取之。铜人。针五分。明堂。八分。灸三壮。主足麻木。风气
。足下热。不能久立。足寒膝痛。胫寒湿痹。脚痛 肿。转筋。足缓不收。
巨虚下廉（一名下巨虚） 上廉下三寸。蹲地举足取之。足阳明胃与手太阳小肠合。铜人
。针
足。面无颜色。偏风腿痿。足不履地。热风冷痹不遂。风湿痹。喉痹。香港脚不足、沉重。唇
干涎出不觉。不得汗出。毛发焦肉脱。伤寒胃中热。不嗜食。泄脓血。胸胁小腹控睾而痛。
时窘之后。当耳前热。若寒甚。若独肩上热甚。及小指次指之间热痛暴惊狂。言语非常。女
子乳痈。足跗不收。跟痛。
Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian
The Foot Yangming Stomach meridian originates from the lateral side of the nose, intersects at the nasal root (Shangen), and joins with the adjacent Foot Taiyang Bladder meridian. It descends along the lateral aspect of the nose, enters the upper teeth, emerges to flank the mouth, circles the lips, and descends to intersect at the Chengjiang (CV24) acupoint.
The nasal bridge refers to the nasal dorsum. The nasal root is called Nianshou. The Foot Yangming Stomach meridian begins at the Yingxiang (LI20) acupoint on the lateral side of the nose, ascends therefrom, and intersects bilaterally at the nasal root, passing through the Jingming (BL1) acupoint, and intersects on the right side at the region of the Chengjiang (CV24) acupoint.
It then follows the posterior aspect of the mandible downwards to the lower border, exits at the Daying (ST5) acupoint, follows the Jiache (ST6) acupoint, ascends anterior to the ear, passes through the Keyuncheren (GB7) acupoint, follows the hairline, and reaches the frontal skull.
The area below the cheek is called Han; the middle of the chin is Yi; the area anterior to the fontanelle is the hairline; and the area anterior to the hairline is the frontal skull. From Chengjiang (CV24), it follows the posterior aspect of Yi downwards to the lower border, exits at Daying (ST5), and follows the Jiache (ST6) acupoint.
Its branch descends from the anterior aspect of Daying (ST5) to the Renying (ST9) acupoint, follows the throat, enters the Quepen (ST12) acupoint, descends through the diaphragm, connects with the Stomach, and links with the Spleen.
The high areas on both sides of the chest are called Ying; the transverse bone above Ying is Jugu (SI11); the depression above Jugu is Quepen (ST12). Its branch descends from the anterior aspect of Daying (ST5) to the Renying (ST9) acupoint and follows the throat.
The main trunk descends from Quepen (ST12), runs along the medial aspect of the breast, descends flanking the umbilicus, and enters the Qichong (ST30) acupoint.
The main trunk descends from Quepen (ST12), runs along the medial aspect of the breast, and follows the Qihu (ST15), Kufang (ST16), Wuyi (ST17), Yingchuang (ST18), Ruzhong (ST19), Rugen (ST18), Burong (ST21), Chengman (ST22) acupoints.
Another branch originates from the lower opening of the Stomach, follows the interior of the abdomen, descends to the Qichong (ST30) acupoint where it merges with the previous branch.
The lower opening of the Stomach corresponds to the Xiaowan (CV10) acupoint. As stated in the *Nan Jing*: "The lower opening of the Tai Cang (Stomach) is the Youmen (CV15)." From the point where it belongs to the Stomach, originating at the lower opening of the Stomach, it follows the interior of the abdomen, passes lateral to the Huangshu (KI16) acupoint of the Foot Shaoyin Kidney meridian, on the interior side of this meridian, and descends to the Qichong (ST30) acupoint, merging with the qi entering Qichong mentioned earlier.
It then descends to the Biguan (ST31) acupoint, reaches the Futu (ST32) acupoint, descends into the patella (kneecap), follows the lateral border of the tibia downwards to the foot dorsum, and enters the lateral space of the middle toe. ("Tibia" pronounced 'hu dang qie'.)
Di means to reach. The lateral thigh is Bi; the muscular prominence anterior to the knee is Futu; the crease posterior to Futu is Biguan; the area flanking the knee joint is Bin (patella); the shin bone is Tibia. Following downwards through the Chongyang (ST42) and Xangu (ST43) acupoints on the foot dorsum, it enters the Neiting (ST44) acupoint in the lateral space of the middle toe, ending at the Lidui (ST45) acupoint.
Another branch separates at three cun below the knee and descends into the lateral space of the middle toe.
This branch separates laterally from the Sanli (ST36) acupoint three cun below the knee, passes through Shanglian (ST34), Tiaokou (ST38), Xiàlián (ST39), Fenglong (ST40), Jiexi (ST41), Chongyang (ST42), Xangu (ST43), until it merges at Neiting (ST44) and Lidui (ST45).
Another branch separates from the dorsum of the foot, enters the space between the big toes, and emerges from its tip.
This branch diverges from the Chongyang (ST42) acupoint on the dorsum of the foot, enters the space between the big toes, obliquely exits lateral to the Xingjian (LR2) acupoint of the Foot Jueyin Liver meridian, follows the big toe downwards to emerge from its tip, and connects with the Foot Taiyin Spleen meridian.
(The Foot Yangming Stomach meridian is) the sea of Qi and Blood for the Zang-Fu organs. Its pulse is large, with abundant blood and vigorous Qi. In cases of severe heat, needling should not be too deep nor too shallow; no retention or draining method is used. Needling depth is six fen, with retention for six breaths.
Chengqi (ST1): Located 0.7 cun below the pupil, in the depression directly below the pupil. It is the intersection of the Yangqiao Mai, Ren Mai, and Stomach Meridian. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 3 zhu; acupuncture is prohibited. Accidental puncture may cause inability to close the eyes or visual disturbances. The *Zisheng* text states: Neither moxibustion nor acupuncture should be performed. Li Dongyuan stated: For Mrs. Wei Bangyan, whose eye nebula invaded upwards from below, the source was the Yangming meridian. It treats cold tears from the eyes, upward gaze, itching of the pupil, blurred distant vision, blindness at night, eyelid twitching,牵引 of the neck and mouth, facial paralysis, inability to speak, facial muscle twitching, red and painful eyes, tinnitus, and deafness.
Sibai (ST2): Located 1 cun below the eye, directly below the pupil. The patient should look straight ahead when locating. According to the *Suwen* commentary: Needle 4 fen. The *Jiayi Jing* and *Tongren* texts state: Moxibustion 7 zhu, needle 3 fen. It treats skin nebulae, facial paralysis with inability to speak.
Juliao (ST3): Located 0.8 cun lateral to the nostril, directly below the pupil, level with Shuigou (GV26). It is the intersection of the Qiao Mai and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 3 fen, drain upon arrival of Qi. Moxibustion... (text missing here, likely specifies number of zhu). It treats white membrane on the skin, nebula covering the pupil, facial wind and nasal swelling, carbuncles and pain, swaying gaze, gout with knee swelling.
Dicang (ST4): Located 0.4 cun lateral to the corner of the mouth, where a slight pulse movement can be felt nearby. It is the intersection of the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians, Ren Mai, and Qiao Mai. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 3 fen. The *Mingtang* text states: ... (text missing, likely specifies moxibustion). Turning (possibly referring to efficacy after moxibustion or specific operation), moxibustion Chengjiang (CV24) 49 zhu leads to cure. It treats hemifacial paralysis, inability to close the eye, foot swelling, aphasia, inability to retain water, leakage of fluids, persistent eyelid twitching, itching of the pupil, blurred distant vision, blindness at night. Treat the left side for right-sided disease, and the right side for left-sided disease. Frequent acupuncture and moxibustion are recommended to expel wind pathogenic factors completely. For facial paralysis, aim for symmetry as the standard.
Daying (ST5): Located in the bony depression 1.3 cun anterior to the angle of the mandible, where the artery pulses. Alternatively, locate it at the point below the mouth aligned with the shoulders. According to the *Suwen* commentary: Needle 3 fen, retain for 7 breaths, moxibustion 3 zhu. It treats... (text missing, likely speech difficulties), eye pain with inability to close the eye.
Jiache (ST6) (also known as Jiguan, Quya): Located in the depression near the anterior end of the curved jawbone below the ear, with an opening when the mouth is open. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 4 fen, drain upon arrival of Qi. It treats joint pain, swelling of the jaw and cheek, inability to chew, neck stiffness preventing turning the head, and facial paralysis.
Xiaguan (ST7): Located below Keyuncheren (GB7), under the arterial pulse anterior to the ear. There is an opening when the mouth is closed, which closes when opened. There is an acupoint when the mouth is closed. It is the intersection of the Foot Yangming and Shaoyang meridians. According to the *Suwen* commentary: ... (text missing). Puncturing causes yawning and inability to see. Remove dry cerumen from the ears. Moxibustion is prohibited. It treats yawning, dislocation of the jaw, vertigo, toothache, hemifacial paralysis, tinnitus, deafness, ear pain with purulent discharge.
Toutwei (ST8): Located at the hairline in the temporal angle, 1.5 cun lateral to Boshen (GB13), and 4.5 cun lateral to Shenting (GV24). It is the intersection of the Foot Shaoyang and Yangming meridians. According to the *Tongren* text: ... (text missing).
Renying (ST9) (also known as Wuhui): Located where the large cervical artery pulses, 1.5 cun lateral to the Adam's apple, located with the head extended. It is used to observe the Qi of the five Zang organs. It is the Foot Yangming... (text missing, likely Stomach Meridian). Mouth... (text missing). According to the *Tongren* text: Acupuncture is prohibited. The *Mingtang* text states: Needle 4 fen. The *Suwen* commentary states: Deep puncture may be fatal. It treats vomiting, cholera, chest fullness, wheezing and dyspnea, pharyngeal abscesses, and scrofula.
Shuitu (ST10) (also known as Shuimen): Located anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, directly below Renying (ST9) and above Qishe (ST11). According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 3 fen, moxibustion 3 zhu. It treats cough with rebellious Qi, pharyngeal abscesses, shortness of breath, and orthopnea.
Qishe (ST12): Located directly below Renying (ST9) on the neck, in the depression flanking Tiantu (CV22). According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 3 fen. It treats cough with rebellious Qi, shoulder swelling preventing turning the head, globus hystericus, pharyngitis, inability to swallow food and drink, and goiter.
Quepen (ST12) (also known as Tian Gai): Located in the depression of the clavicle below the shoulder. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 3 zhu, needle 3 fen. The *Suwen* commentary states: Needle 2 fen, retain for 7 breaths. It should not be too... (text missing, likely deep). It treats pharyngitis, sweating with chills and fever, swelling in the supraclavicular fossa, external... (text missing, likely swelling leading to sores), chest heat and fullness, and persistent chest heat in cold damage.
Qihu (ST15): Located below Jugu (SI11), in the depression 2 cun lateral to Shufu (BL18) on both sides, located with the head extended. It is 4 cun from the midline and 4.8 cun from Yingchuang (ST18). According to the *Tongren* text: ... (text missing).
Kufang (ST16): Located in the depression 1.6 cun below Qihu (ST15), 4 cun from the midline, located with the head extended. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 3 fen. It treats chest and hypochondriac fullness, cough with rebellious Qi, dyspnea, and expectoration of pus, blood, and turbid foam.
Wuyi (ST17): Located in the depression 1.6 cun below Kufang (ST16), 3.2 cun below Qihu (ST15), 4 cun from the midline, and 4.8 cun below Jugu (SI11), located with the head extended... (text missing). It treats skin pain sensitive to clothing, body aches and weakness, convulsions, and numbness.
Yingchuang (ST18): Located in the depression 1.6 cun below Wuyi (ST17), 4 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 4 fen, moxibustion 5 zhu. It treats chest fullness, shortness of breath preventing lying down, borborygmus and diarrhea, mastitis with chills and fever.
Ruzhong (ST18): Located exactly at the nipple. According to the *Tongren* text: Lightly needle 3 fen; moxibustion is prohibited. If moxa is applied, it may unfortunately cause corrosive ulcers. If pus and clear fluid are present in the ulcer, it is treatable; if... (text missing, likely pus and blood make it difficult to treat).
Belongs to the Jueyin Liver. "Ru" (nipple), mother of children. Lack of proper care, anger, depression, and rich diet lead to stagnation of Jueyin Qi, blockage of orifices, and inability to lactate. Boiling of Yangming blood and excessive heat transform into pus. Also, if the nursing child has phlegm stagnation in the diaphragm and hot breath, sleeping while holding the breast blows hot air, causing nodules. At the initial stage, one must endure pain, massage until slightly soft, and suck to ensure milk flow, which will naturally dissipate. Failure to treat at this stage will inevitably lead to abscesses. Applying 2-3 zhu of moxa enhances efficacy. Unskilled practitioners using needles and knives may worsen the condition. If the woman suffers from worry, anger, and depression due to family issues, Spleen Qi becomes obstructed, Liver Qi rebels, forming nodules like chess pieces, painless and non-itchy. After ten-plus years, they become sunken sores named "Nai Yan" (Breast Rock Cancer) because the sore shape resembles a rock cave, which is incurable. If treated at the onset by addressing the root cause, calming the mind and spirit, and then applying treatment, recovery is possible.
Rugen (ST18): Located in the depression 1.6 cun below Ruzhong (ST18), 4 cun from the midline, located with the head extended. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 3 fen. The *Suwen* commentary states: ... (text missing). Do not press; it treats cough, cholera with tendon spasms, and cold extremities.
Burong (ST21): Located lateral to Youmen (CV15), 1.5 cun apart, 3 cun from the midline Ren Mai, 1 cun lateral to Shangwan (CV13), directly in the fourth intercostal space. According to the *Tongren* text: ... (text missing). Pulling sensation in the back, cannot cough (cough pulls shoulder pain), coughing/wheezing, hernia masses, anorexia, abdominal borborygmus, vomiting with phlegm-stasis.
Chengman (ST22): Located 1 cun below Burong (ST21), 3 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 3 fen, moxibustion 5 zhu. The *Mingtang* text states: 3 zhu. It treats borborygmus and abdominal distension, asthma and rebellious Qi, inability to eat and drink, shoulder breathing, and expectoration of blood.
Liangmen (ST23): Located 1 cun below Chengman (ST22), 3 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 2 fen, moxibustion 5 zhu. It treats accumulation of Qi in the hypochondrium, anorexia, intestinal sliding diarrhea, and undigested food in stool.
Guanmen (ST24): Located 1 cun below Liangmen (ST23), 3 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 8 fen, moxibustion 5 zhu. It treats frequent fullness and accumulated Qi, sudden borborygmus and pain, diarrhea, anorexia, moving Qi in the abdomen, urgent pain flanking the umbilicus, body swelling, malaria with chills, enuresis.
Taiyi (ST25): Located 1 cun below Guanmen (ST24), 3 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 8 fen. It treats irritability, mania, and tongue protrusion.
Rourumen (ST26): Located 1 cun below Taiyi (ST25), flanking 1 cun below the umbilicus to Tianshu (ST25), 3 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 8 fen. It treats mania, vomiting, hematemesis, double tongue, and stiff tongue.
Tianshu (ST25) (also known as Chang Gong, Gu Men): Located 0.5 cun lateral to Huangshu (KI16), in the depression 2 cun bilateral to the umbilicus. It is the Front-Mu point of the Large Intestine. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5... (text missing, likely zhu). Seven breaths. It treats running piglet syndrome, diarrhea, distending hernia, bloody and white dysentery with continuous watery diarrhea, inability to eat, edema, abdominal distension, borborygmus, rebellious Qi rushing to the chest, inability to stand for long periods, chronic cold accumulation, cutting pain around the umbilicus, intermittent rising Qi attacking the heart, irritability and fullness, vomiting, cholera, winter cold-induced diarrhea, malaria with chills and fever, delirium, excessive water intake in cold damage, abdominal distension and asthma, women's... (text missing, likely masses), blood clots, leukorrhea, and irregular menstruation.
Wailing (ST27): Located 1 cun below Tianshu (ST25), 2 cun from the midline. The *Suwen* commentary states: 1.5 cun. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 3 fen. The *Suwen* commentary states: Needle 8 fen. It treats abdominal pain, hanging sensation in the epigastrium, and pain radiating to the umbilicus.
Daju (ST28): Located 1 cun below Wailing (ST27), 2 cun below Tianshu (ST25). The *Suwen* commentary states: 1 cun. It is 2 cun from the midline. The *Suwen* commentary makes it 1.5 cun. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 5 fen, moxibustion 5 zhu. The *Suwen* commentary states: Needle 8 fen. It treats lower abdominal distension, thirst, difficulty urinating, ... (text missing, likely hernia), hemiplegia, limb flaccidity, palpitations, and insomnia.
Shuidao (ST28): Located 2 cun below Daju (ST28). The *Suwen* commentary states: 3 cun. It is 2 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 3.5 fen. The *Suwen* commentary states: Needle 2.5 fen. It treats shoulder and back soreness, heat Qi in the Sanjiao, Bladder, and Kidney, lower abdominal fullness and pain radiating to the yin in women, low back and leg pain during menstruation, uterine... (text missing, likely masses), cold of the cervical os, and urinary/fecal retention.
Guilai (ST29): Located 2 cun below Shuidao (ST28). The *Suwen* commentary states: 3 cun. It is 2 cun from the midline. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 5 zhu, needle 5 fen. The *Suwen* commentary states: Needle 8 fen. It treats running piglet syndrome, testicular retraction into the abdomen with penile pain, and cold accumulation in the blood chamber of women.
Qichong (ST30) (also known as Qiejie): Below Guilai (ST29). The *Suwen* commentary states: 4 cun lateral to the umbilicus in the lower abdomen, 1 cun superior to the inguinal ligament, where the artery pulses visibly. It is the Chong Mai... (text missing, likely intersection). Breath. Drain upon arrival of Qi, moxibustion 3 zhu. It treats abdominal fullness preventing normal lying position, ... (text missing, likely hernia), heat in the Large Intestine, body heat and abdominal pain, massive stone water, impotence and penile pain, testicular pain, lower abdominal running piglet syndrome, rebellious Qi attacking the heart, abdominal distension, Qi rushing up to the heart, pain preventing breathing, low back pain preventing bending and extending, body aches, stomach heat in cold damage, infertility in women, lower abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, fetal Qi rushing to the heart in pregnancy, difficult labor, and retained placenta. Li Dongyuan stated: For spleen and stomach deficiency with dampness-induced flaccidity, profuse sweating, and anorexia, bleed Sanli (ST36) and Qiejie (ST30) with a three-edged needle. He also said: For persistent hematemesis, bleeding from Qiejie (ST30) with a three-edged needle stops it immediately.
Biguan (ST31): Located in the junction posterior to Futu (ST32) above the knee. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 6 fen, moxibustion 3 zhu. It treats low back pain, foot numbness, cold and insensitivity of the knee, flaccidity and bi-syndrome, tight tendons in the inner thigh preventing flexion and extension, and lower abdominal pain radiating to the throat.
Futu (ST32): Muscular prominence 6 cun above the knee, located in a kneeling sitting position. Another view says 7 cun above the kneecap; press with three fingers on each side, where a meat-like prominence rises... (text missing, likely resembling a rabbit). It treats cold knees unable to warm, wind-lao bi-syndrome, madness, hand contracture, skin rashes, abdominal distension with shortness of breath, heavy head, gout, and various diseases of the eight regions in women.
Yinshi (ST33) (also known as Yinding): 3 cun above the knee, in the depression below Futu (ST32), located in a bowing posture. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 3 fen; moxibustion is prohibited. The *Mingtang* text states: Moxibustion 3 zhu... (text missing). Cold above Futu (ST32), diabetes mellitus.
Liangqiu (ST34): Between the two tendons 2 cun above the knee. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 3 zhu, needle 3 fen. The *Mingtang* text states: Needle 5 fen. It treats knee and leg low back pain, cold bi-syndrome with numbness, difficulty kneeling, inability to flex and extend, cold feet, great fright, and breast swelling and pain.
Dubi (ST35): Below the patella, on the... (text missing, likely tibial) bone, in the depression flanking the large tendon at the joint, shaped like a calf's nose, hence the name. The *Suwen* commentary states: Needle 6 fen. The *Tongren* text states: Needle 3 fen. ... (text missing, likely stating that if abscess is unruptured it is treatable, and if ruptured it is also treatable). If Dubi (ST35) is hard and difficult to attack, first wash and apply heat, then lightly needle to cure.
Sanli (ST36) (Zusanli): 3 cun below the knee, in the depression lateral to the... (text missing, likely tibial) bone and inside the large tendon, between the two muscles. Locate by lifting the foot; pressing heavily reveals the pulse on the dorsum of the foot. ... (text missing, person's name). Moxibustion 3 zhu, needle 5 fen. The *Mingtang* text states: Needle 8 fen, retain for 10 breaths, drain with 7 inhalations. Daily moxibustion 7 zhu, up to 100 zhu. The *Suwen* commentary states: Puncture 1 cun. The *Qianjin Fang* states: Moxibustion 500 zhu, minimum 100-200 zhu. It treats stomach cold, epigastric and abdominal distension, borborygmus, visceral Qi deficiency and exhaustion, lack of true Qi, abdominal pain with inability to eat, constipation, persistent chest oppression, sudden heart pain, rebellious Qi attacking from the abdomen, low back pain preventing bending and extending, small intestine Qi, water toxicity, ghost strike, ... (text missing, likely accumulations), limb fullness, knee... (text missing, likely soreness/pain), unclear vision, postpartum blood fainting, and unconsciousness. Qin Chengzu stated: It treats all diseases. Hua Tuo stated: It treats five labors, emaciation, seven injuries, deficiency and fatigue, chest blood stasis, and mastitis. The *Qianjin Yi Fang* stated: It treats abdominal cold, distension, borborygmus, rebellious Qi rushing to the chest, asthma preventing long standing, abdominal pain, chest/abdominal blood stasis, lower abdominal skin swelling, Yin Qi deficiency, firm lower abdomen, persistent heat in cold damage, failure of sweat in heat diseases, frequent bitter-taste vomiting, severe fever, body opisthotonos, locked jaw with jaw trembling, swelling and pain preventing turning the head, seeing things when turning, sadness... (text missing), seeking up and down, mouth... (text missing), breast swelling, pharyngitis with inability to speak, insufficient Stomach Qi, chronic diarrhea, indigestion, hypochondriac fullness, inability to stand long, knee flaccidity with chills and fever, middle Xiao (consumption) with bitter hunger, warm abdomen with restlessness, delirium, mastitis, frequent belching, aversion to food odor, manic singing and laughing, fear and anger with cursing, cholera, incontinence of urine and gas, Yang jue, chilliness, dizziness, difficulty urinating, frequent hiccup, and gout. The *Waitai Miyao* stated: For people over thirty, if Sanli (ST36) is not moxa-burned, Qi rushes to the eyes. Li Dongyuan stated: Irregular diet and physical overwork allow Yin Fire to invade the Earth element, preventing Grain Qi, Ying Qi, Clear Qi, Stomach Qi, and Yuan Qi from ascending to nourish the Yang Qi of the six Fu organs. Thus, the Five Yang Qi are first cut off externally. Externally is Heaven; internally flowing into the Yin Fire of the Earth element is caused by the Five Thieves (emotions) injuring the Stomach Qi. Overwork and irregular diet subsequently injure Yuan Qi. One should promote and raise Yuan Qi at the He-Sea point of the Stomach, Sanli (ST36). He also said: For Qi in the intestines and stomach, take the Foot Taiyin and Yangming; if ineffective, take Sanli (ST36). For rebellious Qi cholera, take Sanli (ST36); stop when Qi descends, treat again if it does not descend. For Stomach disease, pain at the epigastrium radiating to the hypochondrium, diaphragmatic obstruction, and inability to eat, tonify with Sanli (ST36). For spleen/stomach deficiency with dampness-induced flaccidity, profuse sweating, and anorexia, bleed Sanli (ST36) and Qiejie (ST30) with a three-edged needle. If sweating persists, bleed Shanglian (ST34) 3 cun below Sanli (ST36). Avoid alcohol and damp-producing foods. He also said: For exogenous pathogens and upper heat/lower cold affecting bones, sinews, skin, flesh, and vessels, incorrectly taking the He-Sea of the Stomach (Sanli) is highly dangerous. He also said: A young person with weak Qi often receives 50-70 zhu of moxa on Sanli (ST36) and Qihai (CV6). In old age, they suffer from heat-jue headache, preferring wind/cold despite severe cold, and fearing warmth/smoke/fire; this is due to excessive moxibustion.
Juxu Shanglian (ST37) (Shangjuxu): 3 cun below Sanli (ST36), located by lifting the foot. The Foot Yangming Stomach combines with the Hand Yangming Large Intestine. According to the *Tongren* text: Moxibustion 3 zhu... (text missing). It treats hemiplegic wind, gout, numbness of waist/legs/hands/feet, soreness of calves, difficulty flexing/extending, inability to stand long, wind-water knee swelling, cold bone marrow pain, cold Large Intestine, indigestion, undigested stool diarrhea, consumptive disease, pain flanking the umbilicus/abdomen/flanks, cutting borborygmus in the intestines, rebellious Qi rushing to the chest, asthma preventing walking, inability to stand long, injury... (text missing).
Tiaokou (ST38): 1 cun above Xiàlián (ST39), located by lifting the foot. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle 5 fen. The *Mingtang* text states: 8 fen, moxibustion 3 zhu. It treats foot numbness, wind pathogen... (text missing), heat in the soles of feet, inability to stand long, cold feet and knee pain, cold-damp bi-syndrome of the shins, foot pain... (text missing, likely swelling), tendon spasm, and foot flaccidity/inability to grasp.
Juxu Xialian (ST39) (Xiajuxu): 3 cun below Shanglian (ST37), located by squatting and lifting the foot. The Foot Yangming Stomach combines with the Hand Taiyang Small Intestine. According to the *Tongren* text: Needle... (text missing). It treats feet, pale complexion, hemiplegic leg flaccidity, inability to walk, wind-heat/cold bi-syndrome with paralysis, wind-damp bi, pharyngitis, gout with insufficiency/heaviness, dry lips with unnoticed salivation, inability to sweat, scorched hair and muscle wasting, stomach heat in cold damage, anorexia, purulent/bloody diarrhea, pain in the chest/hypochondrium/lower abdomen radiating to the testicles, urgency followed by heat anterior to the ear, severe cold, excessive heat on the shoulder, heat/pain between the fourth and fifth toes, sudden fright/madness, abnormal speech, female mastitis, foot dorsum inability to lift, and heel pain.