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From dawn to noon, it is the Yang Qi of the day, which belongs to Yang within Yang. From noon to dusk, it is the Yin Qi of the day, which belongs to Yin within Yang. From sunset and nightfall until the crowing of the rooster, it is the Yin of the night. Since You hour (5-7 PM), when the sun sets below the horizon into the earth, it is called night; this is the Yin of Heaven. However, within Yin and Yang, there are again Yin and Yang, as described above; thus, humans also correspond to this pattern.

When speaking of human Yin and Yang, the exterior is Yang and the interior is Yin. When speaking of the Yin and Yang of the human body, the back is Yang and the abdomen is Yin. When speaking of the Yin and Yang within the Zang-Fu organs, the Zang organs are Yin and the Fu organs are Yang. The Liver, Heart, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney (five Zang organs) are all Yin; the Gallbladder, Stomach, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Bladder, and Sanjiao (Triple Burner) (six Fu organs) are all Yang. Therefore, the back is Yang; among them, the Heart is Yang within Yang. The back is Yang; among them, the Lung is Yin within Yang. The abdomen is Yin; among them, the Kidney is Yin within Yin. The abdomen is Yin; among them, the Liver is Yang within Yin. The abdomen is Yin; among them, the Spleen is Yin within Yin reaching its extreme (Zhiyin). These are all corresponding relationships among Yin-Yang, Interior-Exterior, Inside-Outside, and Male-Female, thereby responding to the Yin-Yang of Heaven.

Yin and Yang are the Dao (Way/Law) of Heaven and Earth. (Heaven arises from movement, Earth arises from stillness); they are the general principles and regulations of all things (summarized as Gang, encompassed as Ji); they are the parents of changes (growth of things is called Hua, extremity of things is called Bian, both generated by Yin-Yang, hence called parents); they are the root and beginning of life and death (Ben is root, Shi is beginning); they are the mansion where Shenming (Spiritual Illumination) resides (Shen refers to unpredictable changes; Ming refers to the manifestation of the three luminaries [sun, moon, stars]; Fu is a place for storing things. Shenming emerges from Yin-Yang, therefore Yin-Yang is the mansion of Shenming). Treating disease must seek the Ben (Root) (The changes, life/death, and Shenming of heaven and earth and all things are rooted in Yin-Yang. The origin of disease lies not outside the two Qi of Yin and Yang, either rooted in Yin or in Yang; one must seek its cause and apply treatment accordingly).

Thus, accumulated Yang Qi forms Heaven, and accumulated Yin Qi forms Earth. Yin is quiet, Yang is active; Yang generates, Yin grows; Yang kills (subdues), Yin stores. (Yang cannot exist independently; it must obtain Yin to complete itself, such as warm Qi generating and rain/dew nourishing, which is Yang generating and Yin growing. Yin cannot act alone; it must rely on Yang to proceed, such as cold Qi closing/storing and wind/frost subduing, which is Yang subduing and Yin storing). Yang transforms into Qi (Yang moves and disperses); Yin forms into Shape (Yin is still and coagulates). Extreme Cold generates Heat; extreme Heat generates Cold (Extreme Yin leads to the generation of Yang; extreme Yang leads to the generation of Yin). Cold Qi generates Turbid Yin; Hot Qi generates Clear Yang (Cold Qi is stagnant, thus generating Turbid Yin; Hot Qi ascends and disperses, thus generating Clear Yang). If Clear Yang is below, it generates Sundun diarrhea (undigested food in stool); if Turbid Yin is above, it generates abdominal distension. (Clear Yang sinks below and cannot ascend, thus causing Sundun diarrhea; Turbid Yin rebels upward and cannot descend, thus causing chest/diaphragm fullness/distension. This is due to the inability of Danzhong to transform Qi, leading to chest fullness). This is Yin-Yang acting in reverse, indicating the deviation or compliance of disease (Yin-Yang are opposite, Clear/Turbid positions are swapped, this is Deviation/Ni; compliance is Cong).

Thus, Clear Yang becomes Heaven, Turbid Yin becomes Earth. Earth Qi rises to become Clouds, Heaven Qi descends to become Rain. Rain comes from Earth Qi, Clouds come from Heaven Qi (Heaven and Earth are the physical forms of Yin-Yang; Clouds and Rain are the essence-Qi of Heaven and Earth. Yin below is Essence, i.e., Water; Essence rising transforms into Qi, Yang above is Qi, i.e., Clouds; Qi descending transforms into Essence. Hence it is said Rain comes from Earth Qi, Clouds come from Heaven Qi. "Chu" implies "from").

Thus, Clear Yang exits through the upper orifices, Turbid Yin exits through the lower orifices (That which is based on Heaven tends upward; that which is based on Earth tends downward). Clear Yang disseminates through the Couli (interstices/skin pores), Turbid Yin travels to the five Zang organs; Clear Yang fills the four limbs, Turbid Yin returns to the six Fu organs (Yang governs the exterior, Yin governs the interior). Water is Yin, Fire is Yang (Water and Fire in the human body). Yang is Qi, Yin is Flavor (Flavor and Qi of medicine and food). Flavor returns to/nourishes Shape; Shape returns to/nourishes Qi; Qi returns to/nourishes Essence; Essence returns to/nourishes Transformation (Shape consumes Flavor, hence Flavor returns to Shape; Qi generates Shape, hence Shape returns to Qi; Essence consumes Qi, hence Qi returns to Essence; Transformation generates Essence, hence Essence returns to Transformation). Essence consumes Qi, Shape consumes Flavor (Qi and Essence generate mutually; Flavor and Shape grow mutually). Transformation generates Essence, Qi generates Shape (Essence is born from the spirit of transformation; Shape is born from formless Qi. Previously mentioned "Essence returns to Transformation" refers to Essence transforming before transformation occurs; here "Transformation generates Essence" refers to Essence being generated after transformation has occurred). Excessive Flavor damages Shape; excess Qi damages Essence (Excessive flavor leads to bias and damage to Shape; excess Qi becomes Fire, thus damaging Essence). Essence transforms into Qi (Yuan Qi transforms from Essence). Qi is damaged by Flavor (Damage to food intake leads to Qi lethargy). Yin Flavor exits through the lower orifices (Flavor has substance, thus flows downward); Yang Qi exits through the upper orifices (Qi is formless, thus reaches upward). Strong Flavor is Yin; weak Flavor is Yang within Yin; Strong Qi is Yang; weak Qi is Yin within Yang (Flavor is Yin, Qi is Yang). Strong Flavor causes purgation; weak Flavor causes unblocking (Strong Flavor can purge downward; weak Flavor can promote circulation). Weak Qi causes dispersion/excretion; strong Qi causes fever (Weak Qi can disperse; strong Qi causes fever). Zhuang Huo (Blazing Fire) causes Qi to decline; Shao Huo (Mild Fire) causes Qi to strengthen (Blazing fire inevitably declines; mild fire inevitably strengthens). Zhuang Huo consumes Qi; Qi feeds on Shao Huo; Zhuang Huo scatters Qi; Shao Huo generates Qi (Fire is Qi. Blazing fire consumes/scatters Yuan Qi, hence Zhuang Huo consumes Qi; Mild fire grows Yuan Qi, hence Qi feeds on Shao Huo). Regarding Flavors and Qi: Acrid and Sweet with dispersing properties are Yang; Sour and Bitter with vomiting/purgative properties are Yin (This refers to the Yin-Yang of proper flavors). Yin excess leads to Yang disease; Yang excess leads to Yin disease; Yang excess leads to Heat; Yin excess leads to Cold (Disease caused by Yin-Yang excess). Heavy Cold transforms into Heat; heavy Heat transforms into Cold (Things at their extreme change). Cold damages Shape; Heat damages Qi; Qi pathology causes pain; Shape pathology causes swelling. Thus, pain followed by swelling indicates Qi damaging Shape (Qi diseased first, then damaging Shape); swelling followed by pain indicates Shape damaging Qi (Shape diseased first, then damaging Qi). Wind excess causes tremors/movement (diseases of shaking/trembling); Heat excess causes swelling (erysipelas/abscess diseases); Dryness excess causes dryness (withering of fluids, internal/external dryness diseases); Cold excess causes floating/swelling (Cold excess impedes Yang Qi transport, thus causing fullness/virtual swelling); Dampness excess causes loose diarrhea (Earth fails to control Water, thus causing projectile diarrhea. "Ru" sounds like "ru", meaning damp stagnation). Joy and anger damage Qi (Mentioning joy and anger, sadness, worry, and fear are similar); Cold and heat damage Shape (Mentioning cold and heat, dryness, dampness, and wind are similar).