男子以阳精为盛，女子以月水为调。阳精且水，各得其时，合乎阴阳之数矣。女子十四则月
水行，男子十六则阳精具。妇人经水过期者，血少也，宜以芎、归、参、术。有痰，宜南星、半
夏之类。经水不及期而来，血热也，宜四物、黄连。过期作痛，紫黑色有块，亦血热也，宜四物、
黄连、香附。过期色淡者，痰多也，宜二陈、川芎。有血虚过期，宜四物加黄 、陈皮、升麻。
有气血俱热，未期先至，宜柴胡、黄 、归、芍、生地、香附。有经不调而血水淡白者，用参、 、
芎、归、香附、白芍，腹痛加胶珠、艾叶、玄胡。过期作痛，虚中有热；将来作痛，血实也。
宜桃仁、黄连、香附、玄胡、红花。临行腹痛，有郁滞瘀血，宜四物、红花、桃仁、莪术、玄胡、
香附、木香，发热加柴胡、黄芩。有痰多占住血海而下多者，目必渐昏。肥人加南星、苍术、
川芎、香附，作丸服之。躯脂涩经闭者，导痰汤与黄连、川芎，不可服熟地，恐腻膈，故如用加
姜汁炒之。临期腹痛甚者，血实热也。如有血实热，行经作痛者，得孕迟也。
丹溪云∶白带是胸中痰积渗入膀胱。无人知此，宜升。
甚者，上必用吐以提元气，下用苍术、白术、二陈。如赤白相兼者，皆属血出于大小肠之
分。肥人多痰，宜南星、半夏、海石、苍术、香椿皮、青黛；瘦人白带因多热，宜黄柏、滑石、
海石、橙皮、川芎、蛤粉、青黛，作丸服之。赤白带下，皆因七情内伤，下元虚弱，感非一端。
叔和云∶崩中日久为白带，漏下多时滑水枯，崩中血少无元阳，故白滑之物下流不止，血海枯干，
不能滋养筋骨。治法用审寒热虚劳，不可类治。妇人之心，以血□□有血则心宁，血少则心
火旺，火旺则心乱、撞摇、提拮、战惚、闷乱。惟妇人多有此症，治法用清心降火，四物加
天门、麦门、贝母、黄芩。夫天门镇心之要药，切不可缺。
治赤白带∶龟板 干姜 黄柏 白芷
如气虚白带∶人参 白术 黄 当归 川芎 苍术 黄柏 干姜（煨） 白芷
如肥人∶南星 半夏 苍术 海石 白术 黄柏 川芎 椿皮 青黛
如瘦人多热∶人参 川归 芍药 黄柏 茯苓 黄连 黄 陈皮 甘草 前胡 椿皮 青黛
Males rely on the abundance of Yang essence, while females rely on the regulation of menstruation. When Yang essence and menstrual blood each arrive at their proper time, they conform to the numbers of Yin and Yang. Females begin menstruation at age fourteen, and males' Yang essence becomes complete at age sixteen. In women, delayed menstruation is due to blood deficiency; it is appropriate to use Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu). If there is phlegm, it is appropriate to use Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum (Nanxing) and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia). Menstruation arriving ahead of schedule is due to blood heat; it is appropriate to use Siwu Decoction (Four Substances Decoction) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian). Delayed menstruation accompanied by pain, with dark purple color and clots, is also due to blood heat; it is appropriate to use Siwu Decoction, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu). Delayed menstruation with pale color is due to excessive phlegm; it is appropriate to use Erchen Decoction (Two Aged Things Decoction) and Chuanxiong Rhizoma. For cases of delayed menstruation due to blood deficiency, it is appropriate to use Siwu Decoction supplemented with Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), and Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma). For cases where both Qi and Blood are in a state of heat, menstruation arriving before the scheduled date, it is appropriate to use Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Phellodendri Cortex, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao), Rehmanniae Radix Recens (Shengdihuang), and Cyperi Rhizoma. For irregular menstruation with pale white discharge, use Ginseng Radix, [missing character in source], Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Cyperi Rhizoma, and Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao); if abdominal pain occurs, add Gelatinum Corii Asini (Ejiao) processed into beads, Folium Artemisiae Argyi (Aiye), and Corydalis Rhizoma (Yanhusuo). Delayed menstruation with pain indicates deficiency with internal heat; pain preceding the onset of menstruation indicates excess blood stasis. It is appropriate to use Persicae Semen (Taoren), Coptidis Rhizoma, Cyperi Rhizoma, Corydalis Rhizoma, and Carthami Flos (Honghua). Abdominal pain during the flow of menstruation, caused by stagnation and blood stasis, is treated with Siwu Decoction, Carthami Flos, Persicae Semen, Curcumae Zedoariae Rhizoma (Ezhu), Corydalis Rhizoma, Cyperi Rhizoma, and Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang); if fever is present, add Bupleuri Radix and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin). If excessive phlegm occupies the Sea of Blood leading to heavy bleeding, vision will gradually dim. For obese individuals, add Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum, Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and Cyperi Rhizoma, prepared as pills. For amenorrhea caused by thick body fat, use Daotan Decoction (Phlegm-Resolving Decoction) combined with Coptidis Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma; Shu Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Root) should not be used as it may cause greasiness and obstruct the diaphragm; therefore, if used, it must be stir-fried with ginger juice. Severe abdominal pain just before menstruation indicates excess blood heat. If there is excess blood heat causing pain during menstruation, conception will be delayed.
Zhu Danxi said: Leukorrhea (white vaginal discharge) is caused by phlegm accumulation in the chest seeping into the Bladder. No one understands this principle; treatment should employ lifting methods.
For severe cases, emetics should be used above to lift Yuan Qi, and below, Cangzhu, Baizhu, and Erchen Decoction should be used. If red and white discharges are mixed, they all belong to blood disorders originating from the Large Intestine and Small Intestine. Obese people tend to have phlegm; it is appropriate to use Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pumex (Haishi), Atractylodis Rhizoma, Toosendan Fructus (Chunpi), and Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai). Thin people with leukorrhea often have heat; it is appropriate to use Phellodendri Cortex, Talcum (Huashi), Pumex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Ginkgo Nucleus Powder (Gafen), and Indigo Naturalis, prepared as pills. Red and white leukorrhea is caused by internal injury from the Seven Emotions and weakness of the Lower Origin, with etiologies varying widely. Wang Shuhe said: Prolonged metrorrhagia turns into leukorrhea; prolonged leakage leads to dryness of slippery fluids. Metrorrhagia depletes blood and Yuan Yang, so white slippery substances flow continuously without stopping, the Sea of Blood dries up, and cannot nourish the sinews and bones. Treatment methods require examining cold, heat, deficiency, and exhaustion; treatments cannot be generalized. The female heart relies on blood; with sufficient blood, the heart is calm; with deficient blood, Heart Fire flares up. Flaring Heart Fire causes mental confusion, palpitations, tremors, shivering, and restlessness. Only women frequently suffer from these symptoms. Treatment involves clearing the Heart and descending Fire, using Siwu Decoction supplemented with Asparagi Radix (Tianmendong), Ophiopogonis Radix (Mendong), Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Beimu), and Scutellariae Radix. Tianmendong is an essential herb for calming the Heart and must not be omitted.
Formulas for treating red and white leukorrhea: Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum (Guiban), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Phellodendri Cortex, and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi).
For Qi-deficiency leukorrhea: Ginseng Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Zingiberis Rhizoma (roasted), and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix.
For obese individuals: Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Pumex, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Toosendan Fructus, and Indigo Naturalis.
For thin individuals with excess heat: Ginseng Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Phellodendri Cortex, Poria (Fuling), Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu), Toosendan Fructus, and Indigo Naturalis.