病患服前药,胸膈不满闷者,此上焦有阳也,或药力太过,上焦有热,腹满虚鸣,时
时痛
。此是被阳药消逐,得上焦阴气并入下焦也。虽是下焦积寒冷,上焦阳盛,更难投温下焦药
也。当用灰包法∶炭灰或桑柴灰二三升许,入好醋拌和,干湿得所,铫内炒令灰热,以帛
包里,置脐下熨之,频换灰包令常热,以腹不满痛为度。或初熨时,病患不受者,勿听,但
令极熨之,不住灰包可也。如灰包熨后,得下利一两行,或小便二三升,或微似有汗,此是
阴气外出,或下泄也,勿疑之,病轻者乃得愈也。后出余气而解,举此为例。
病患三部脉沉,寸脉力小于关、尺,此为阴盛,当投温中药以消阴气。温中药者浓朴汤
,陈皮、人参、白术、藿香、当归、干姜、细辛之类是也。
海藏云∶霜露山岚雨湿雾露之气与饮冷,寸口脉小,同诊一法,神术汤后举。此韩氏三
部脉沉,寸口小于关、尺,为证一体。
病患若因服下药太过,两手脉沉细数,肢体逆冷,烦躁而渴者,此是阳气下陷入丹田,
阴气
厥逆满上二焦,故令人躁,此名下阴躁也。医者见病患烦躁,又不询其端由,亦不详其脉理,
便用凉药治之。凉药既下,病势愈甚,至于困极不救者多矣!
病患因下之太过,两手脉沉迟细而无力,或遍身及四肢逆冷,烦躁而渴,或引饮不休,
好泥
水中卧者,须用性热药治之。凡投性热药,皆须冷服,何故如是?今谓病患腹中阴气太盛,
若投汤济,即阴阳相系,药下即吐,须候汤剂极冷即投之。投之不吐者,盖腹中阴气与冷冻饮料
相逢,即同气相从尔,故药下不吐也。药虽冷,久则必热,所谓始同而终异也。故醇酒冷冻饮料
,久即发热。假令投仲景四逆汤之类,一根据前说。若病患不烦躁,即热药可温服之,下后躁
渴引饮不休,与伤冷只好饮冷同意。
上此一条,本是阳证下之成阴,非阳气上行而躁,乃阳气下陷而躁,即同伏阴脉也。叔
和云∶短脉阴中有伏阳。
海藏云∶热药冷服,内有伏阳则可,若脉已虚,按之全无力,或病患素无所养,只可温
服,不然阴气必不能酝酿回阳,利害非轻。
The patient, after taking the previous medication, experiences no distension or oppression in the chest and diaphragm; this indicates that there is Yang Qi (Yang Energy) in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner). Alternatively, the medicinal force may have been too strong, causing Heat in the Upper Jiao, resulting in abdominal fullness, empty borborygmi (intestinal rumbling), and occasional pain. This occurs because the Yang-type medication has dissipated and expelled the pathogen, causing Yin Qi from the Upper Jiao to merge into the Lower Jiao. Although there is accumulated Cold in the Lower Jiao and excess Yang in the Upper Jiao, it is difficult to directly administer medications that warm the Lower Jiao. One should use the Ash Bag Moxibustion Method: take approximately two to three sheng of charcoal ash or mulberry firewood ash, mix it with good vinegar, adjust the moisture content appropriately, stir-fry in a yin (metal pot) until the ash is hot, wrap it in cloth, place it below the navel for moxibustion, frequently replace the ash bag to maintain constant heat, and continue until the abdominal distension and pain cease. If the patient cannot tolerate the initial application, do not heed their request to stop; instead, apply intense moxibustion without stopping the replacement of ash bags. After the ash bag moxibustion, if the patient passes one or two stools, urinates two or three sheng, or sweats slightly, this indicates the outward discharge or downward evacuation of Yin Qi. Do not doubt this; only patients with mild conditions will recover. This resolves by expelling residual pathogenic factors, serving as an example.
If the pulse at the three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) is deep, and the Cun pulse is weaker than the Guan and Chi pulses, this indicates excess Yin. One should administer Spleen-Stomach Warming Medications to dissipate the Yin Qi. These include Houpo Tang (Magnolia Bark Decoction), as well as herbs such as Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger Rhizome), and Xixin (Asarum Root).
Haicang (Zhang Yuansu) stated: The pathogens of frost, dew, mountain mist, rain dampness, and fog, combined with drinking cold liquids, which result in a small Cun Kou (Radial Pulse at the Cun position), share the same diagnostic method, as detailed after the entry for Shenzhu Tang (Divine Efficacy Powder). This refers to Han Shi’s classification where deep pulses in all three positions, with the Cun Kou being smaller than the Guan and Chi, constitute a single syndrome pattern.
If a patient, due to excessive administration of purgative drugs, presents with deep, fine, and rapid pulses in both hands, cold extremities, irritability, and thirst, this indicates that Yang Qi has sunk into the Dantian (Lower Abdomen), and Yin Qi has reversed and filled the Upper and Middle Jiao, causing agitation. This is termed "Lower Yin Irritability." Physicians who see irritability in patients without inquiring into the cause or carefully examining the pulse logic often mistakenly administer Cooling Medications. Once these cooling drugs are taken, the disease condition worsens, leading to many cases of extreme debility and untreatable collapse!
If a patient, due to excessive purgation, presents with deep, slow, fine, and weak pulses in both hands, or generalized cold extremities including the limbs, irritability, thirst, incessant desire to drink, or a preference for lying in mud or water, one must treat with Hot-Natured Medications. Whenever administering Hot-Natured Medications, they must be taken cold. Why? It is believed that the patient's abdomen contains excessive Yin Qi. If hot decoctions are administered, Yin and Yang will repel each other, causing immediate vomiting upon ingestion. Therefore, the decoction must be allowed to become extremely cold before administration. The reason it does not cause vomiting is that the Yin Qi in the abdomen meets the frozen liquid, and like energies attract each other, so the medicine is retained. Although the medicine is cold initially, it will eventually become hot within the body; this is what is meant by "starting the same but ending differently." For instance, wine mixed with frozen drinks will eventually generate heat. Suppose one administers Zhongjing’s Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) or similar formulas; follow the aforementioned principle. If the patient is not irritable, the hot medicine can be taken warm. However, if there is post-purgation irritability and incessant thirst for cold drinks, this aligns with the principle of injury from Cold where the patient prefers cold drinks.
The above case originally involved a Yang Syndrome mismanaged by purgation, transforming into a Yin Syndrome. It is not irritability caused by Yang Qi ascending, but rather irritability caused by Yang Qi sinking, resembling the Fu Yin (Hidden Yin) pulse. Shuhe (Wang Shuhe) stated: A short pulse indicates Hidden Yang within Yin.
Haicang stated: Taking hot medicine cold is suitable when there is Hidden Yang inside; however, if the pulse is already deficient and completely powerless upon palpation, or if the patient has historically lacked nourishment, the medicine should only be taken warm. Otherwise, the Yin Qi will fail to ferment and restore Yang, and the consequences would be severe.