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Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma): Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Stomach and Small Intestine meridians. Expels blood stasis, unblocks blood obstruction, stops hematemesis and epistaxis, treats five types of strangury (Wu Lin), promotes urination, regulates labor injury. Tonifies deficiency and emaciation, clears exogenous heat from the stomach and intestines, treats uterine bleeding (Beng Lou) in women.
Commentary: Mao Gen promotes water metabolism; originally entering the Small Intestine meridian, but due to its actual effects reaching the Stomach, it also enters the Stomach meridian.

Xian Mao (Curculiginis Rhizoma - *Note: The text title says Jiang Huang, but the description matches Xian Mao*): Pungent in taste, warm in nature, toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. Primarily treats cold qi in the heart and abdomen, inability to eat, spasm and bi-syndrome in the waist and feet, inability to walk, labor injury due to blood loss in men, and urinary incontinence with infertility in the elderly. Strengthens the sexual function, tonifies essence and blood, brightens the eyes, strengthens bone marrow. Wash clean, remove skin, cut into bean-sized pieces with a copper knife, place in a raw thin cloth bag, soak overnight in black soybean water, mix with wine, steam for half a day, dry in the sun for use. Avoid iron vessels; contraindicated with beef and cow's milk.
Commentary: Xian Mao is warm in nature and originally enters the Kidney meridian; since the Liver is generated by the Kidney, it also enters the Liver meridian. It is said: "Ten jin of Ru Shi (Litharge) cannot equal one jin of Xian Mao," highlighting its efficacy. Those who suffer from its toxicity will experience tongue swelling; urgently decoct Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Pu Xiao (Natrii Sulfas) soup to drink, and apply the powder to the tongue to resolve the toxicity. Those with existing fire syndromes should not use it.
Lei Gong said: After harvesting, wash thoroughly with clear water, scrape off the skin, cut into bean-sized pieces on a locust wood cutting board, place in a raw thin cloth bag, steam overnight, and then use.

Yu Jin (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma): Pungent and bitter in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Lung meridians. Primarily descends qi, breaks blood stasis, opens depression, treats hematuria, bloody strangury, and metal wounds. The cicada-belly type produced in Chu is considered superior.
Commentary: Ben Cao states Yu Jin is cold in nature, but starting from Yao Xing Lun, it is said to treat cold qi. Observing its primary indications, they are all applications of pungent dispersion; can a cold nature achieve this? The Lung governs qi, and the Heart governs blood; Yu Jin can move qi and blood, hence it enters both meridians. Dan Xi said: It belongs to Fire but contains Earth and Water. The ancients used it to treat stagnant and unresolved conditions, hence the name Yu Jin (Depressed Gold).

Jiang Huang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma): Pungent and bitter in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Its meridian indications and therapeutic functions are the same as Yu Jin, but more potent.
Commentary: Ben Cao also states that Jiang Huang is cold in nature, while Chen Cangqi and Ri Hua Zi both consider it hot; the distinction is clear! It can damage Yuan Qi (Primal Qi); users should exercise caution.