猪肉 味苦，性微寒，有小毒。牡曰 ，牝曰彘，子曰豚，牡而去势曰 。生
江南者，谓之江猪，唯 肉无毒。多食闭血脉，弱筋骨，虚人肌。疫病者、金疮者，
尤宜忌之。久食令人少子伤精，发宿疾。豚肉久食，令人遍体筋肉碎痛乏气。江猪
多食令人体重，作脯少有腥气。久食解药力，动气发疾。伤寒、疟痢、痰痼、痔漏
诸疾，食之必再发，难愈。反梅子、乌梅、桔梗、黄连，犯之令人泻痢。服胡黄连
食之，令人漏精。服甘草者忌之。同牛肉食，生寸白虫。同兔肉食损人。同羊肝、
同鸡子、同鲫鱼及黄豆食，令人滞气。同葵菜食，令人少气。同荞麦面食，患热风，
脱须、眉毛、发。同生姜食，生面斑发风。同胡荽食，烂人脐。同苍耳食，动风气。
同百花菜、同吴茱萸食，发痔 。同龟鳖肉、麋鹿驴马肉、虾子食，伤人。多食令
人暴肥，盖虚风所致也。头肉有毒，多食动风发疾，猪肉毒在首，故有病者忌之。
项肉俗名槽头肉，肥脆能动风。脂膏勿令中水，腊月者历年不坏。反乌梅、梅子，
忌干漆。脑味甘，性寒，有毒。《礼记》云∶食豚去脑，能损男子阳道，临房不能
行事，酒后尤不可食。今人以盐酒食猪脑，是引贼入室也。血味咸性平，服地黄、
补骨脂、何首乌诸补药者忌之，能损阳也。同黄豆食，滞气。心味甘咸性平，多食
耗心气，不可合吴茱萸食。肝味苦性温，猪临杀惊气入心，绝气归肝，俱不可多
食。服药人勿食。不可合雉肉、雀肉及同鱼脍食，生痈疽。同鲤鱼、鲫鱼食，伤神。
同鹌鹑食，生面 。肺味甘，性微寒。同白花菜食，令人气滞发霍乱。八月和饴
食，至冬发疽。肾味咸性冷，即腰子。久食令人伤肾少子。虚寒者尤忌。冬月食之，
损真气，发虚壅。 脂微毒，男子多食损阳。猪鼻唇多食动风气。凡花猪、病猪、
白蹄猪、自死猪、煮汁黄者为黄镳猪、肉中有米星为□□，俱不可食。烧肉忌桑柴。
凡煮肉同皂荚子、桑白皮、高良姜、黄蜡不发风气。得旧篱筏易熟。煮肉封锅，入
楮实子二三十粒，易烂且香。夏天用醋煮肉，可留数日。煮腊肉将熟。以红炭投锅
内，则不油 气。洗猪肚用面，洗肠脏用砂糖，能去秽气。中病猪毒，烧猪屎为末，
水服钱许，三次可瘥。过食猪肉伤，烧猪骨为末，水服。或服芫荽汁、生韭汁，或
加草果可消。煮硬肉入山楂数颗，易烂。
羊肉 味甘性热。反半夏、菖蒲。同荞麦面、豆酱食。发痼疾。同醋食，伤人
心。同 酪食，害人。热病、疫证、疟疾病后食之，复发致危。妊妇食之，令子
多热病。头蹄肉味甘性平。水肿人食之，百不一愈。冷病患勿多食。妊妇食羊目，
令子睛白。血味咸性平。凡猪羊血食久，鼻中毛出，昼夜长五寸，渐如绳，痛不可
忍，摘去复生。唯用乳石、 砂等分为丸，临卧服十丸，自落也。服丹石人忌食羊
血，十年一食，前功尽亡。服地黄、何首乌诸补药者忌之。能解胡蔓草毒。脑有毒，
食之发风病。和酒服迷人心，成风疾。男子食之，损精气少子。白羊黑头，食其脑，
作肠痈。羊心有孔者勿食，能杀人。羊肺三月至五月其中有虫，状如马尾，长二三
寸，须去之。不去食之，令人痢下。肝味苦性寒。同猪肉及梅子、小豆食，伤人心
同生椒食，伤人五脏，最损小儿。同苦 食，病青盲。妊妇食之，令子多厄。羊
和饭饮久食，令人多唾清水，成反胃，作噎病。凡煮羊肉用杏仁或瓦片，则易
烂。同胡桃及莱菔煮，不臊。同竹 煮，助味。以铜器煮食，男子损阳，女子暴
下。白羊黑头、黑羊白头、独角者，并有毒，食之生痈。中羊肉毒者，饮甘草汤解
之。过食羊肉伤者，多食枣子、草果可消。
黄牛肉 味甘性温，微毒。食之发药毒 能病患。牛夜鸣则 ，臭不可食。
牛病自死者，血脉已绝，骨髓已竭，不可食之。误食令人生疔暴亡，发痼疾、 癖、洞
下、疰病。瘟牛暴死者，不可食。独肝者有大毒，令人痢血至死。北人牛瘦，多以蛇
从鼻灌，故尔独肝。水牛则无之，啖蛇牛毛发白而后顺者，是也。人乳可解其毒。
自死白首者，食之杀人。疥牛食之发痒。黄牛、水牛合猪肉及黍米酒食，并生寸白
虫。同韭薤食、合生姜食，损齿。勿同栗子食。黑牛白头者大毒，勿食。水牛肉味
甘性平，忌同黄牛。患冷人勿食。蹄中巨筋，多食令生肉刺。牛乳味甘性微寒，生
饮令人利，热饮令人口干气壅，温饮可也。不宜顿服。与酸物相反，令人腹中 结。
患冷气人勿食。同鱼食成积，同醋食生瘕。牛脂味甘温微毒，多食发痼疾疮疡。牛
脑味甘性温，微毒。热病死者，勿食其脑，令生肠痈。牛肝勿同 鱼食，患风噎涎
青。牛肠胃合犬肉、犬血食，病患。服仙茅者食牛肉、牛乳，令斑人鬓发。服牛膝
人，亦忌食之。凡煮牛肉入杏仁芦叶，则易烂。煮病牛入黄豆，豆变黑色者，杀人。
中疔疥牛毒，用泽兰根，或甘菊根汁，或猪牙灰水服，或生菖蒲擂酒，或甘草汤解
之。猪脂化汤，亦可解毒。过食牛肉所伤，以稻草和草果煎浓汤，多服可消。牛乃
有功于世，仁人君子，必宜戒食。
狗肉 味酸咸，性温。服食人忌食。九月食犬伤神。反商陆。同生葱蒜食，
损人。同菱食，生癫。白犬合海 食，必得恶病。勿炙食，令消渴。妊妇食之，令
子无声，且生虫。疫证及热病后食之，杀人。勿同鲤鱼， 鱼、牛肠食，令人多病。
春末夏初多 犬，宜忌食。瘦犬、有病、发狂、暴死、无故自死者，有毒杀人。悬
蹄犬伤人赤股而躁者、气躁犬目赤者，并不可食。白狗血和白鸡肉、乌鸡肉、白鸡
肝、白羊肉、蒲子羹等食，皆病患。白犬乳酒服，能断酒。犬肾微毒，《内则》云∶
食犬去肾，不利人也。田犬长喙善猎。吠犬短喙善守。白犬虎纹、黑犬白耳，畜之
家富贵。纯白者主凶，斑青者识盗而咬。凡食犬肉伤，用杏仁二三两，带皮研细，
热汤二三盏拌匀，三次服。能使肉尽消。犬智甚巧，力能护家，食之无益，何必嗜之。
马肉 味辛苦，性冷，有毒。同仓米、稷米及苍耳食，必得恶病，十有九死。
同姜食，发气嗽。同猪肉食，成霍乱。患疥疮下痢者，食必加剧。妊妇食之，令子
过月难产。乳妇食之，令子疳瘦。马生角、无夜眼、白马青蹄、白马黑头者，并不
可食，令人癫。马鞍下肉色黑，及马自死者、形色异常者，并有毒，食之杀人。马
乳味甘性冷利，同鱼 食，作瘕。马肝及鞍下肉有大毒，食之杀人。刷牙用马尾，
令齿疏损。近人多用烧灰揩拭，最腐齿龈。马脑有毒，食之令人发癫。马血有大毒，
生马血入人肉中，一二日便肿起，连心即死。有人剥马伤手，血入肉一夜致死。马
肉上血洗不净，食之生疔肿。马汗有大毒，患疮人触马汗、马气、马毛、马尿、马
屎并令加剧。马汗入疮，毒攻心欲死者，烧粟干灰淋汁浸洗，出白沫乃毒去也。食
马肉毒发而心闷者，饮清酒则解。饮浊酒则加，或饮芦根汁、或嚼杏仁、或煎甘草
汤解之。中马肝毒者，猪骨灰、牡鼠屎、豆豉、狗屎灰、人头垢并水服可解。中疔
疥马毒者，泽兰根汁、猪牙灰、甘菊根汁俱水服，或生菖蒲酒解之。马食杜蘅善走，
食稻足重，食鼠屎腹胀，食鸡粪生骨眼。以僵蚕、乌梅拭牙，则不食，得桑叶乃解。
挂鼠野狼皮于槽，亦不食。遇死马骨，则不行。以猪槽饲马、锻石泥马槽、马汗着门
并令马落驹。系猕猴于厩，辟马病。马头骨埋于午地，宜蚕。浸于上流，绝水蜞虫。
驴肉 味甘性平。与荆芥茶相反，同食杀人。同凫茈食，令人筋急。多食动
风，脂肥尤甚。屡试屡验。凡驴无故自死者、疫死者、力乏病死者并有毒，忌食。
疥癞及破烂瘦捐者，食之生疔肿。将热驴血和麻油一盏，搅去沫，煮熟成白色，亦
一异也。妊妇食之，令子难产。勿同猪肉食，伤气。
骡肉 味辛苦，性温，有小毒。其性顽劣，肉不益人。多食令人健忘。妊妇食
之难产。骡大于驴，而健于马，其力在腰，其后有锁骨不能开，故不孳乳。牡驴交
马而生者骡也。牡马交驴而生者为 。牡驴交牛而生者，为 。牡牛交
驴而生者，为HT HT 。牡牛交马而生者，为驱 。今俗通呼为骡矣。
鹿肉 味甘性温。二月至八月不可食，发冷痛。白臆者、豹文者并不可食。
鹿肉脯炙之不动、及见水而动、或曝之不燥者并杀人。同雉肉、蒲白、 鱼、 鱼、
鸡肉、生菜、鲫鱼、 食，发恶疮。《礼记》云∶食鹿去胃，鹿茸不可以鼻嗅之，中
有小白虫，视之不见，入人鼻必为虫颡，药不及也。不可近丈夫阴，令痿。鹿脂
亦不可近阴。久食鹿肉，服药必不得力，为其食解毒之草故也。勿同猪肉食。
麋肉 味甘性温。多食令人弱房，发香港脚。妊妇食之，令子目病。不可合猪肉、
雉肉、 鱼、鸡肉、菰蒲食，发痼疾。同虾及生菜、梅、李食，损男子精气。麋脂
不可近阴，令痿。亦不可同桃李食。淮南子云∶孕妇见麋，生子四目。
虎肉 味酸，作土气，性热。正月食虎伤神。热食虎肉，伤人齿。多有药箭伤者，
食者慎之。虎鼻悬门中，次年取熬作屑，与妇食之，便生贵子。勿令人及妇知，知
则不灵。虎豹皮上睡，令人神惊。其毛入疮有大毒。虎骨勿用中毒药箭者，能伤
人也。虎夜视，一目放光，一目看物。声吼如雷，风从而生，百兽震恐。立秋始啸，
仲冬始交，虎不再交。孕七月而生，虎生三子，一为豹。其搏物三跃不中，则 之。
食狗则醉，闻羊角烟则走，恶其臭也。虎害人兽，而 鼠能制之。智无大小也。
豹肉 味酸，性微温。正月勿食，伤神损寿。豹肉令人志性粗豪，食之便觉，
少顷消化乃定，久食亦然。豹脂合生发药，朝涂暮生。广西南界有 腊虫，食死人
尸，不可驱逐，以豹皮覆之，则畏而不来。
野猪肉 味甘性平。多食微动风疾，不可同回鱼、 鱼食。青蹄者不可食，服巴
豆药者忌之。岭南一种懒妇，似山猪而小，善害田禾。唯以机轴纺织之器，置田所，
则不复近也。
豪猪肉 味甘，性大寒，有毒。不可多食，发风令人虚羸，助湿冷病。
驼肉及峰脂 味甘性温。能知泉源水脉风候，凡伏流人所不知，驼以足踏处，
即得之。流沙夏多热风，行旅遇之即死。风将至，驼必聚鸣，埋口鼻于沙中，人以
为验也。其卧而腹不着地，屈足露明者，名明驼，最能行远。驼粪亦直上如野狼烟。
驼黄味苦性平，微毒。似牛黄而不香，戎人以乱牛黄，而功不及之。
熊肉 味甘性平。十月食之伤神。患寒热积聚痼疾者食之，令终身不除也。熊
脂味甘，性微寒。寒月则有，夏月则无之。然灯烟损人眼，令失光明。熊掌难 ，
得酒醋水三件同煮熟，即大如皮 ，且易软也。熊胆春近首，夏在腹，秋在左足，
冬在右足。熊行山中，必有 伏之所，谓之熊馆。性恶秽物及伤残，捕者置此物于
穴，则合穴自死。或为棘刺所伤，出穴爪之至骨，即毙也。
山羊肉 味甘性热。疫病后忌食。妊娠食之，令子多病，肝尤忌之。
羚羊肉 味甘性平。其角能碎佛牙、貘骨、金刚石。烧烟走蛇虺也。
麂肉 味甘性平。多食发痼疾。妊妇食之，令胎堕。
肉 味甘性温。十二月至七月食之动气，多食发消渴及痼疾，瘦恶者勿食。
同鸽食成瘕，同梅李、生菜、虾食，并能病患。凡人心胆粗豪者，以其心肝食之，
即减，胆小者食之，愈怯。
香 肉 味甘性温。蛮人食之，不畏蛇毒。脐名麝香。忌大蒜。麝不可近鼻，
有白虫入脑，患癞。久带其香透关，令人成异疾。能堕胎，消瓜果食积，辟蛇。
猪獾肉 味甘酸，性平。其耳聋，见人乃走，能孔地食虫蚁瓜果。其肉带土气。
狗獾性味与 相同， 即猪獾。
兔肉 味甘辛，性寒。同白鸡肉及肝心食，令人面黄。同獭肉食，成遁尸病。
与姜橘同食，令人心痛霍乱。忌同鹿肉、鳖肉、芥菜及子末食。十一月至七月食之，
伤神气。兔死而眼合者杀人。食兔髌，多令人面生髌骨。《内则》云∶食兔去尻，不
利人也。妊妇不可食，令子缺唇，主逆生。兔尻有孔，子从口出，故妊妇忌之，非
独为缺唇也。久食绝人血脉，损元气阳事，令人痿黄。兔肝亦勿与鸡芥、胡桃、柑橘同食。
山獭肉 不宜食。其阴茎为补助要药，骨解药毒，研少许敷之立消。
水獭肉 味甘咸，性寒。多食消男子阳气。勿同橙橘、鸡肉、鸡子、兔肉食。
其肝有毒。诸畜肝皆有定数，唯獭肝一月一叶，十二月十二叶，其间又有退叶。或
云獭无雌，以 为匹，故猿鸣而獭候。
象肉 味甘淡，性平。多食令人体重。象具百兽肉，唯鼻是其本肉。象胆干了，
上有竹文斑光腻。春在前左腿，夏在前右腿，秋在后左腿，冬在后右腿。牙近鼠类，
鼠皮则裂。世人知然犀可见水怪，而不知沉象可驱水怪。夏月合药，宜置象牙于傍。
Pork: Taste is bitter, nature is slightly cold, possesses slight toxicity. Male pigs are called "jia", female pigs are called "zhi", piglets are called "tun", and castrated male pigs are called "leng". Those raised in Jiangnan are called "jiang zhu" (river pigs), and only their meat is non-toxic. Excessive consumption closes the blood vessels, weakens bones and muscles, and causes deficiency in the body's tissues. Patients with epidemics or metal wounds should strictly avoid it. Long-term consumption reduces fertility, damages essence and qi, and triggers latent diseases. Long-term consumption of pork from young pigs causes widespread muscle pain and fatigue. Excessive consumption of river pig meat causes heaviness in the body; when made into jerky, it has less fishy odor. Long-term consumption neutralizes medicinal efficacy, disturbs qi movement, and induces disease. For patients with Shanghan (Cold Damage), malaria, dysentery, stubborn phlegm retention, hemorrhoids, and fistulas, consumption leads to recurrence and difficulty in healing. It is incompatible with plums, dark plums, Platycodon root, and Coptis rhizome; ingestion causes diarrhea and dysentery. While taking Picrorhiza rhizome, eating pork causes seminal emission. Those taking Licorice root should avoid it. Eating it with beef generates tapeworms. Eating it with rabbit meat harms the human body. Eating it with mutton liver, eggs, crucian carp, and soybeans causes qi stagnation. Eating it with Malva verticillata causes shortness of breath. Eating it with buckwheat noodles induces wind-heat syndrome, leading to loss of beard, eyebrows, and hair. Eating it with ginger causes facial spots and wind disorders. Eating it with coriander causes umbilical ulceration. Eating it with Xanthium fruit stimulates wind pathogens. Eating it with Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis and Evodia fruit induces hemorrhoids. Eating it with turtle/tortoise meat, elk/deer/ass/horse meat, or shrimp harms the body. Excessive consumption causes sudden obesity due to deficient wind. Pig head meat is toxic; excessive consumption stimulates wind and triggers disease, as the toxicity of pork resides primarily in the head; thus, sick individuals should avoid it. The neck meat, commonly known as "caotou rou" (trough-head meat), is fatty and crisp and can stimulate wind. Lard should not come into contact with water; lard made in the twelfth lunar month does not spoil for years. Lard is incompatible with dark plums and plums, and dry lacquer should be avoided. Pig brain taste is sweet, nature is cold, and it is toxic. The Book of Rites states: When consuming pork, remove the brain, as it damages male sexual function, causing impotence, especially after alcohol consumption. Using salt and wine to consume pig brain today is akin to inviting a thief into the house. Pig blood taste is salty, nature is neutral. Those taking Rehmannia root, Psoralea fruit, or Polygonum multiflorum tuber should avoid it, as it damages yang energy. Eating it with soybeans causes qi stagnation. Pig heart taste is sweet and salty, nature is neutral; excessive consumption depletes heart qi and should not be eaten with Evodia fruit. Pig liver taste is bitter, nature is warm; at the time of slaughter, shock qi enters the heart and dying qi returns to the liver, so neither should be consumed in excess. Those taking medicine should not eat it. It should not be eaten with pheasant meat, sparrow meat, or raw fish slices, as this generates carbuncles and sores. Eating it with carp or crucian carp damages spirit and mind. Eating it with quail causes facial spots. Pig lung taste is sweet, nature is slightly cold. Eating it with white-flowered cabbage causes qi stagnation and cholera-like symptoms. Eating it with maltose in the eighth lunar month leads to carbuncle development in winter. Pig kidney taste is salty, nature is cold (also known as waist kidney); long-term consumption damages the kidneys and reduces fertility, and should be strictly avoided by those with deficiency-cold. Consumption in winter damages true qi and induces deficiency-type obstruction. Pig fat has slight toxicity; excessive consumption by men damages yang energy. Pig nose and lips in excess stimulate wind pathogens. Flowered pigs, sick pigs, pigs with white hooves, pigs that died naturally, pigs with yellowish broth when boiled (yellow-bile pigs), and pigs with rice-grain-like spots in the meat are all inedible. Roasting meat should avoid mulberry wood. Adding soap pod, mulberry root bark, Galangal rhizome, and beeswax while boiling prevents wind stimulation. Boiling with old bamboo mats makes meat tender faster. Sealing the pot and adding 20-30 Cornus officinalis fruits during boiling makes meat tender and fragrant. Boiling meat with vinegar in summer allows preservation for several days. Adding red charcoal near the end of cooking cured pork removes greasy odors. Washing pig stomach with flour and intestines with rock sugar removes foul odors. For poisoning from sick pigs, burn pig feces to ash, take about one qian with water; three doses cure it. For injury from overeating pork, burn pig bones to ash and take with water. Alternatively, consume coriander juice, raw leek juice, or add Tsaoko cardamom to digest. Adding hawthorn berries when boiling tough meat makes it tender.
Mutton: Taste is sweet, nature is hot. Incompatible with Pinellia tuber and Acorus rhizome. Eating with buckwheat noodles or bean paste triggers stubborn diseases. Eating with vinegar harms the heart. Eating with dairy products harms the body. After heat diseases, epidemics, or malaria, consumption causes dangerous recurrence. Pregnant women consuming it causes fetal heat diseases. Sheep head and trotters taste sweet, nature is neutral. Edema patients who eat it have almost no chance of survival. Cold-pattern patients should not eat much. Pregnant women eating sheep eyes cause children to have white eyes. Sheep blood taste is salty, nature is neutral. Long-term consumption of pig or sheep blood causes hair growth in the nostrils, growing five cun per day until rope-like, causing unbearable pain; removal leads to regrowth. Only pills made from mineral drugs and ammonium chloride taken before bed will cause natural shedding. Those taking cinnabar/realgar stones should avoid sheep blood; eating it once every ten years nullifies previous therapeutic effects. Those taking Rehmannia root or Polygonum multiflorum tuber should avoid it. Sheep blood can detoxify Curare. Sheep brain is toxic; consumption induces wind diseases. Taken with wine, it confuses the mind and causes wind disorders. Men consuming it damage essence and fertility. Sheep brains from white sheep with black heads cause intestinal abscesses. Sheep hearts with holes should not be eaten as they are lethal. Sheep lungs between March and May may contain worms resembling horse tails, two to three cun long; these must be removed. Consuming them causes bloody dysentery. Sheep liver taste is bitter, nature is cold. Eating with pork, plums, or adzuki beans harms the heart; eating with raw Sichuan pepper damages the five zang organs, especially harming children. Eating with Sophora flavescens root causes blindness. Pregnant women consuming it causes fetal distress. Sheep offal cooked with rice and drink causes excessive clear saliva, reverse flow vomiting, and dysphagia. Adding almonds or tiles when boiling mutton makes it tender. Cooking with walnuts and radishes removes gaminess. Cooking with bamboo shoots enhances flavor. Cooking in copper vessels damages male yang and causes sudden uterine bleeding in women. White sheep with black heads, black sheep with white heads, and single-horned sheep are toxic and cause carbuncles if eaten. Antidote for mutton poisoning is Licorice decoction. Overconsumption of mutton can be resolved by eating more dates or Tsaoko cardamom.
Yellow Beef: Taste is sweet, nature is warm, slightly toxic. Consumption induces drug toxicity and harms patients. Meat from cows that moo at night smells foul and is inedible. Cows that die of illness or naturally have exhausted blood vessels and marrow; consumption is forbidden. Accidental ingestion causes sudden death from carbuncles, triggering stubborn diseases, accumulations, diarrhea, and infectious diseases. Cows dying suddenly from plague are inedible. Cows with only one liver have high toxicity, causing fatal bloody dysentery. Northern cattle are often force-fed snakes through the nose, resulting in a single liver. Water buffalo do not have this trait; those that eat snakes and become docile with white hair are the exception. Human milk detoxifies this. Self-dead white-headed cattle are lethal. Eating scabies-infected cattle causes itching. Eating yellow beef or water buffalo meat with pork and millet wine generates tapeworms. Eating with garlic chives or ginger damages teeth. Do not eat with chestnuts. Black cattle with white heads are highly toxic and should not be eaten. Water buffalo meat taste is sweet, nature is neutral; do not eat with yellow beef. Cold-pattern patients should avoid it. Tendons in hooves cause skin tags if eaten in excess. Cow milk taste is sweet, nature is slightly cold. Raw milk causes diarrhea; hot milk causes dry mouth and qi obstruction; warm milk is acceptable. Do not take in large doses. Incompatible with sour foods, causing abdominal masses. Cold-pattern patients should avoid it. Eating with fish causes accumulation; eating with vinegar causes abdominal masses. Beef tallow taste is sweet and warm, slightly toxic; excessive consumption induces stubborn diseases and sores. Beef brain taste is sweet, nature is warm, slightly toxic. Brains of cows that died of heat diseases cause intestinal abscesses and should not be eaten. Do not eat beef liver with catfish, as it causes wind, dysphagia, and green saliva. Eating beef stomach/intestines with dog meat or blood causes disease. Those taking Curculigo rhizome should avoid beef and milk, as they cause graying of sideburns. Those taking Achyranthes root should also avoid it. Adding almonds and reed leaves when boiling beef makes it tender. Beans turning black when boiled with sick cattle indicate lethality. Antidotes for carbuncle/scabies cow poisoning include Polygona root, Chrysanthemum root juice, pig tooth ash water, fresh Acorus pounded in wine, or Licorice decoction. Melted pig fat can also detoxify. Overconsumption of beef can be resolved by drinking strong decoctions of straw and Tsaoko cardamom. Cattle are beneficial to the world; benevolent gentlemen should abstain from eating them.
Dog Meat: Taste is sour and salty, nature is warm. Those taking tonics should avoid it. Eating in the ninth lunar month damages the spirit. Incompatible with Phytolacca root. Eating with raw garlic/chives damages the body. Eating with water caltrop causes epilepsy. White dog meat with seafood causes malignant diseases. Roasted dog meat causes diabetes-wasting syndrome. Pregnant women consuming it causes infant muteness and parasitic infections. Consumption after epidemics or heat diseases is lethal. Do not eat with carp, eel, or beef intestines, as it causes frequent illness. Avoid eating in late spring/early summer due to rabies risk. Thin, sick, mad, suddenly dead, or naturally dead dogs are toxic and lethal. Dogs with hanging hooves, red legs, agitation, or red eyes should not be eaten. White dog blood mixed with white/black chicken meat/liver, mutton, or cattail soup causes disease. White dog milk taken with wine cures alcoholism. Dog kidney has slight toxicity; The Book of Rites advises removing kidneys as they are harmful. Field dogs hunt well; barking dogs guard well. White dogs with tiger stripes or black dogs with white ears bring wealth. Pure white dogs signal misfortune; spotted blue dogs detect thieves. Treatment for dog meat injury: grind 2-3 liang of almonds (with skin) finely, mix with 2-3 cups hot water, take three times to digest meat completely. Dogs are intelligent and protective; eating them is useless.
Horse Meat: Taste is sour/bitter/pungent, nature is cold, toxic. Eating with stored rice, broomcorn millet, or Xanthium causes malignant disease with 90% mortality. Eating with ginger causes cough. Eating with pork causes cholera. Worsens scabies and dysentery. Pregnant women consuming it causes difficult labor. Nursing mothers consuming it causes infant malnutrition. Horses with horns, no night vision, white horses with green hooves, or white horses with black heads cause insanity and are inedible. Meat under the saddle is black and toxic; self-dead or abnormally colored horses are toxic and lethal. Horse milk taste is sweet, nature is cold/diuretic; eating with fish causes abdominal masses. Horse liver and saddle meat are highly toxic and lethal. Brushing teeth with horse hair loosens teeth; using burnt ash corrodes gums. Horse brain is toxic and causes insanity. Horse blood is highly toxic; entering human flesh causes swelling and death within 1-2 days. Washing blood off horse meat prevents carbuncles. Horse sweat is highly toxic; contact worsens sores. Treating horse sweat poisoning in sores: wash with ash filtrate until white foam appears. Clear wine resolves horse meat poisoning-induced chest stuffiness; turbid wine worsens it. Alternatives: arrowroot juice, chewing almonds, or Licorice decoction. Antidotes for horse liver toxicity: pig bone ash, male rat feces, fermented soybean, dog ash, or human scalp dirt taken with water. Antidotes for carbuncle/scabies horse toxicity: Polygona root juice, pig tooth ash, Chrysanthemum root juice, or fresh Acorus wine. Horses eating Aristolochia run fast; eating rice makes them heavy; eating rat feces causes bloating; eating chicken manure causes bone spurs. Feeding silkworm cocoons or dark plums stops feeding; mulberry leaves resolve this. Hanging wolf/rat skins stops feeding. Dead horse bones stop horses from walking. Feeding from pig troughs, lining troughs with lime mud, or exposing doors to horse sweat causes foal loss. Keeping macaques in stables prevents horse diseases.
Donkey Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. Incompatible with Schizonepeta tea; eating together is lethal. Eating with water chestnut causes tendon tightness. Excessive consumption stimulates wind, especially fatty meat. Donkeys dying naturally, from epidemics, or exhaustion are toxic and inedible. Scabby, broken, or emaciated donkeys cause carbuncles if eaten. Hot donkey blood mixed with sesame oil, boiled until white, is a unique remedy. Pregnant women consuming it causes difficult labor. Do not eat with pork as it damages qi.
Mule Meat: Taste is sour/bitter/pungent, nature is warm, slightly toxic. Its nature is obstinate, and meat is not beneficial. Excessive consumption causes amnesia. Pregnant women consuming it causes difficult labor. Mules are larger than donkeys and stronger than horses, with strength in the waist; they cannot reproduce due to immovable pelvic bones. Male donkey + female horse = mule. Male horse + female donkey = jenny. Male donkey + female cow = he-mule. Male cow + female donkey = hinny. Male cow + female horse = driver. Commonly referred to as mules.
Deer Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is warm. Inedible from February to August as it causes cold pain. White-chested or leopard-spotted deer are inedible. Jerky that doesn't move when roasted, moves in water, or doesn't dry in sun is lethal. Eating with pheasant, cattail, bream, carp, chicken, raw vegetables, crucian carp, or water shield causes malignant sores. The Book of Rites states: Remove the stomach when eating deer. Deer antlers should not be smelled; invisible white worms enter the nose causing nasal polyps unresponsive to medicine. Proximity to male genitals causes impotence. Deer fat should also avoid genitals. Long-term consumption reduces drug efficacy because deer eat detoxifying herbs. Do not eat with pork.
Elk Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is warm. Excessive consumption weakens sexual function and causes gout. Pregnant women consuming it causes eye diseases in offspring. Incompatible with pork, pheasant, bream, chicken, or water shield; triggers stubborn diseases. Eating with shrimp, raw vegetables, plums, or apricots damages male essence. Elk fat causes impotence if near genitals and should not be eaten with peaches/apricots. Huainanzi states: Pregnant women seeing elk give birth to four-eyed children.
Tiger Meat: Taste is sour, earthy smell, nature is hot. Eating in the first lunar month damages the spirit. Hot tiger meat damages teeth. Caution with tigers injured by poisoned arrows. Tiger nose hung on door, processed next year, given to women, ensures noble sons (secretive). Sleeping on tiger/leopard skin startles the spirit. Fur in sores is highly toxic. Tiger bones from poisoned tigers harm humans. Tigers shine one eye at night. Roaring creates wind, terrifying beasts. Howling starts at Start of Autumn, mating at Mid-Winter; tigers mate only once. Gestation 7 months, litter of three including one leopard. If prey escapes after three jumps, it abandons it. Drinking dog blood intoxicates tigers; avoiding sheep horn smoke due to smell. Tigers are predators but controlled by shrews. Intelligence varies regardless of size.
Leopard Meat: Taste is sour, nature is slightly warm. Do not eat in the first lunar month as it damages spirit and lifespan. Leopard meat makes temperament bold/aggressive; effect subsides after digestion. Long-term consumption has same effect. Leopard fat mixed with hair-growth medicine promotes overnight growth. In southern Guangxi, wax insects eat corpses; covering with leopard skin repels them.
Wild Boar Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. Excessive consumption mildly stimulates wind disorders. Incompatible with certain fish species. Green-hooved wild boars are inedible; avoid if taking Croton seed. Southern Lingnan has "lazy women" resembling small wild boars damaging crops; placing spinning wheels deters them.
Babirusa Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is very cold, toxic. Do not eat excessively; causes wind, emaciation, and damp-cold diseases.
Camel Meat & Fat: Taste is sweet, nature is warm. Camels sense underground water and wind changes. In deserts, camels predict sandstorms by gathering and howling, burying noses in sand. "Bright camels" sleep with bellies off ground and legs tucked; they travel far. Camel dung rises straight like smoke. Camel gallbladder stone taste is bitter, nature is neutral, slightly toxic. Resembles ox gallstone but lacks fragrance and efficacy.
Bear Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. Eating in the tenth lunar month damages the spirit. Patients with cold/heat accumulations or stubborn diseases should avoid it as it becomes incurable. Bear fat taste is sweet, nature is slightly cold; present in winter, absent in summer. Lamp smoke damages eyesight. Bear paws are hard to cook; boiling with wine, vinegar, and water makes them soft. Bear gallbladder location changes by season: Spring (head), Summer (abdomen), Autumn (left foot), Winter (right foot). Bears hide in specific shelters ("bear pavilions"). They hate filth/injury; hunters place traps there. Prickly injuries cause bears to scratch to the bone, leading to death.
Goat Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is hot. Avoid after epidemics. Pregnant women consuming it causes frequent illness; liver is particularly contraindicated.
Antelope Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. Horns can shatter Buddha teeth, tapir bones, and diamonds. Burning smoke drives away snakes/vipers.
Muntjac Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. Excessive consumption triggers stubborn diseases. Pregnant women consuming it causes abortion.
Chamois Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is warm. Eating from December to July disturbs qi, causes diabetes and stubborn diseases. Emaciated animals should not be eaten. Eating with pigeon causes abdominal masses; eating with plums, raw vegetables, or shrimp causes disease. Eating heart/liver of bold people reduces boldness; eating it makes timid people more fearful.
Musk Deer Meat: Taste is sweet, nature is warm. Barbarians eat it without fear of snake venom. Umbilicus is musk. Incompatible with garlic. Musk near nose causes white worms to enter brain and leprosy. Long-term carrying causes strange diseases. Causes abortion, digests food stagnation, repels snakes.
Badger Meat: Taste is sweet/sour, nature is neutral. Deaf, runs from humans, digs holes eating insects/fruits. Meat has earthy taste.
Dog Badger: Same nature/taste as pig badger.
Rabbit Meat: Taste is sweet/pungent, nature is cold. Eating with white chicken meat/liver causes sallow complexion. Eating with otter meat causes "escaping corpse" disease. Eating with ginger/orange causes heart pain and cholera. Incompatible with deer, turtle, mustard greens, or seeds. Eating from November to July damages spirit/qi. Rabbits dying with closed eyes are lethal. Eating rabbit kneecaps causes facial bone growth. The Book of Rites advises removing the rump as it is harmful. Pregnant women should avoid it as it causes cleft lip and breech presentation. Rabbit rump has a hole where the fetus exits via the mouth; thus avoided. Long-term consumption cuts blood vessels, damages yuan qi and sexual function, causing sallow weakness. Rabbit liver should not be eaten with chicken/mustard, walnuts, or citrus.
Mountain Otter Meat: Not recommended for eating. Penis is a vital tonic; bones detoxify poisons; powdered application heals quickly.
River Otter Meat: Taste is sweet/salty, nature is cold. Excessive consumption drains male yang. Incompatible with oranges, chicken, eggs, or rabbit meat. Liver is toxic. Unlike other animals, otter liver has one leaf per month (12 total) with shedding leaves. Some say otters have no females and mate with monkeys, hence waiting for monkey calls.
Elephant Meat: Taste is sweet/bland, nature is neutral. Excessive consumption causes heaviness. Elephant trunk is the primary meat. Dried elephant gallbladder has bamboo-like patterns. Gallbladder location changes by season: Spring (front left leg), Summer (front right leg), Autumn (back left leg), Winter (back right leg). Tusks resemble rodents; rodent skin cracks. Immersing ivory dispels water monsters; useful in summer medicine preparation.