少阴太阴火上冲。唇舌必然见赤红。正收收后唇舌裂。心脾已绝归罗酆。
唇舌破裂。此心脾之火甚上冲也。其色必深赤。间有紫黑者。若初发热。及正出之间。唇舌
红而破裂者。此症还轻。斯时其毒在未出将出之际。若得火轻血活。内能托出。口能食物。斯为
可治。药宜用寒凉。加以疏托之剂。以白虎解毒汤（见二十六条）加元参、牛蒡子、荆芥、葛根、
薄荷叶治之。若正收与收后而唇舌破裂者。以白虎解毒汤（见二十六条）加黄柏、元参、山豆
根、木通治之。若唇舌破裂而紫黑枯燥。此心脾二经俱绝。兼之血不活者。则难治矣。
火邪拂郁咽喉痛。射干鼠粘汤可用。吹喉惟有十宣散。莫犯金针病增重。
毒火熏蒸气上炎。咽喉自此正疼烦。从来麻症多咽痛。莫作寻常喉痹看。
麻症属火。咽喉疼痛。亦是常候。乃毒火拂郁上熏。故咽痛也。切勿误认作喉痹。而妄用金
针去其血。初潮咽痛者。以宣毒发表汤（见第五条）去升麻、甘草、桔梗。加射干、山豆根主之。
外以十宣散吹之。（有以甘桔汤加牛蒡、连翘、升麻治之者。万不可用。方已芟。）已出而咽痛
者。以静远主人射干鼠粘子汤去升麻、桔梗、甘草。或钱氏甘露饮去熟地黄、酌用石斛、茵陈。
加牛蒡子、射干、防风主之。麻症有咽喉痛者。不拘初热正出已收。俱以射干、牛蒡子、山豆根、
防风煎汤与服。外用十宣散吹之。或用二圣散吹之。如麻症有结喉等候。以射干消毒饮（见五
十三条）去甘草加防风主之。如麻毒上攻。咽嗌肿痛热渴。或肿毒不消等症。以加味骨皮清膈
散（见五十条）去当归、滑石、桔梗、甘草、紫菀。加石膏、元参、麦冬、薄荷、防风、牛蒡子主之。
（有以大如圣饮子治之者。非惟不识避忌。而实于病无济。方姑为收录。）如麻症血热。咽喉不
利者。以加味消毒饮去甘草。加射干、生地黄。或以紫草消毒饮。去甘草。加生地黄、防风、射干
治之。如咽不利。而兼风热咳嗽者。以射干消毒饮（见五十三条）去甘草。加防风、连翘、桑白
皮、贝母治之。如咽痛。而麻不大起发者。以消毒饮（见二十三条）去甘草。加葛根、前胡、射干
主之。如肺热咽痛、声音不清者。以全书除热清肺汤（见五十五条）去石膏。加射干、牛蒡子、黄
连主之。（有以甘桔清金散治之者。不可轻用。方仍收。）大凡麻症咽痛不堪者。照症用药而外。
不拘前后。外用十宣散、二圣散、玉锁匙、化毒丹等方。任凭选用吹之。
静远主人射干鼠粘子汤
射干 山豆根（各一钱五分） 牛蒡子 紫草 紫菀茸（各一钱） 蝉蜕 升麻（各六分） 木通 石膏
桔梗（各八分） 甘草（五分） 灯心九根引。水煎。食后服。
钱氏甘露饮 治心胃热。咽痛。口舌生疮。痘疹热毒上攻。牙龈肿。牙齿动摇。
天冬 麦冬 生地黄 枳壳（炒） KT 石斛（去苗） 黄芩 熟地黄 茵陈 枇杷叶 甘草 水
煎。食后服。牙齿动摇者。并以此漱口。
加味消毒饮
牛蒡子（一钱五分） 荆芥（七分） 防风（六分） 紫草茸（一钱） 甘草（五分） 糯米一撮引
。水煎。不拘时服。
紫草消毒饮
紫草 连翘 牛蒡子（各一钱） 荆芥（七分） 山豆根 甘草（各五分） 水煎。不时温服。
十宣散
黄连 黄芩 黄柏（各一钱） 儿茶 雄黄 苦参（各五分） 硼砂（五分） 乳香（一分） 元
明粉（三分） 冰片（少许临用时下入药内） 为末。每用五厘。以竹管吹入喉中。
二圣散
苦参（三钱） 僵蚕（二钱） 为末。吹喉二三次。即痛止肿消。
玉锁匙
焰硝（二两五钱） 硼砂（五钱） 僵蚕（二钱五分） 冰片（一厘）为末。每用五分吹喉。
化毒丹
薄荷叶 荆芥穗 雄黄 辰砂（各二钱） 朴硝（一钱） 牙硝 硼砂 甘草（各二钱五分） 桔梗
（五钱） 山豆根（一钱五分） 为细末。以竹管吹入咽中。或以水调服。
大如圣饮子
牛蒡子 桔梗 甘草（各一钱） 麦冬（五钱） 水煎服。
甘桔清金散
牛蒡子（七分） 连翘 甘草（各五钱） 桔梗（一两） 诃子皮（三钱） 为末。薄荷少许。煎汤
。下一钱。或加薄荷。水煎服亦可。若非声音不清者。则去诃子皮。
〔附〕治平常咽喉方备用
射干鼠粘子汤 治咽痛。
牛蒡子（四两） 射干 升麻 甘草（各一两）水煎服。
甘草防风汤
甘草（一钱） 防风（二钱） 桔梗（六钱）水煎服。
加味甘桔汤 治咽喉暂用。
桔梗（八分） 甘草（一钱二分） 牛蒡子 射干（各六分） 防风 元参（各四分） 生
姜一片引。热甚者。去防风加黄芩。
五拗汤 治咽痛。
麻黄 杏仁 荆芥 桔梗 甘草 姜引。水煎服。
射干散 治咽喉肿痛。
射干 元参（各钱半） 牛蒡子（一钱） 升麻（八分） 桔梗 甘草（各一钱） 水煎服。
海上方 治骨鲠。
金凤花根 打碎。以米醋煎。用有嘴壶盛之。令患者将口衔壶嘴。仰面咽之。其骨即出。吞药
之时。勿令沾牙。或用玉簪花根。威灵仙根。如前法治之。亦可。
Shao Yin (Lesser Yin) and Tai Yin (Greater Yin) channel fire qi rushing upward will inevitably cause the lips and tongue to appear crimson. If cracking of the lips and tongue occurs after the measles rash begins to recede, it indicates that the Heart and Spleen Qi have exhausted, a sign akin to death (returning to Luofeng).
Cracking of the lips and tongue is caused by excessive Fire in the Heart and Spleen rushing upward. The color must be deep red, occasionally appearing purple-black. If the lips and tongue are red and cracked during the initial fever stage or while the rash is erupting, the condition is relatively mild. At this time, the pathogenic toxin is at the stage of emerging. If the Fire is mild and blood circulation is active, allowing internal righteous Qi to push the toxin out, and if the patient can eat, the case is treatable. Medication should employ cold-natured herbs combined with formulas for dispersing wind and supporting the exterior to expel toxins. Use Baihu Jiedu Tang (White Tiger Detoxifying Decoction) (see Article 26) added with Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), and Boheye (Menthae Haplocalycis Folium). If lip and tongue cracking occurs during the recession phase or after recession, use Baihu Jiedu Tang (White Tiger Detoxifying Decoction) (see Article 26) added with Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix), and Mutong (Akebiae Caulis). If the lips and tongue are cracked, purple-black, and dry with no moisture, it indicates exhaustion of both the Heart and Spleen channels accompanied by poor blood circulation, making it difficult to treat.
Fire toxin stagnating causes throat pain; Shegan Niu Bang Tang (Belamcanda and Arctus Decoction) may be used. For throat insufflation, only Shixuan San (Ten Acupoints Powder) should be employed. Do not use gold needles to bleed, as this will worsen the disease.
Toxic fire steams and rises, causing heat to ascend, leading to persistent pain and irritation in the throat. Throat pain is common in measles cases; do not mistake it for ordinary Hou Bi (Sore Throat/Pharyngitis).
Measles belongs to the Fire category, and throat pain is a frequent symptom due to toxic fire stagnating and steaming upward. Do not mistakenly diagnose it as Hou Bi (Sore Throat/Pharyngitis) and recklessly use gold needles to induce bleeding. In the initial fever stage (Chao), if throat pain occurs, use Xuan Du Fa Biao Tang (Vent Toxin and Release Exterior Decoction) (see Article 5) without Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), adding Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) and Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix). Externally, insufflate Shixuan San (Ten Acupoints Powder). (Some advocate using Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) added with Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), and Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma); this must never be used, and the formula has been deleted.) If throat pain occurs after the rash has erupted, use Shegan Niu Bang Zi Tang (Belamcanda and Arctus Seed Decoction) by Jingyuan Zhuren (Master Jingyuan), removing Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma); or use Qianshi Ganlu Yin (Qian's Sweet Dew Drink) removing Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), optionally adding Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis) and Yichen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), plus Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). For any measles case with throat pain, regardless of whether it is in the initial fever, erupting, or receding stage, decoct Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) for oral administration. Externally, insufflate Shixuan San (Ten Acupoints Powder) or Ersheng San (Two Sages Powder). If measles presents with Jie Hou (swelling of the larynx/throat), use Shegan Xiaodu Yin (Belamcanda Detoxifying Drink) (see Article 53) without Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), adding Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). If measles toxin attacks upward causing swelling and pain in the pharynx, fever, thirst, or unresolved swellings, use Jiawei Gupi Qingge San (Modified Epidermis Clear Diaphragm Powder) (see Article 50) removing Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huashi (Talcum), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Ziwan (Asternatis Herba), adding Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus). (Some advocate using Da Rusheng Yinzi (Great Like Sage Infusion); this shows ignorance of contraindications and offers no benefit, so the formula is recorded for reference only.) If measles involves Blood Heat causing throat obstruction, use Jiawei Xiaodu Yin (Modified Detoxifying Drink) without Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), adding Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) and Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix); or use Zicao Xiaodu Yin (Lithospermi Detoxifying Drink) without Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), adding Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma). If throat obstruction is accompanied by Wind-Heat cough, use Shegan Xiaodu Yin (Belamcanda Detoxifying Drink) (see Article 53) without Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), adding Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), and Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus). If throat pain occurs but the measles rash fails to erupt sufficiently, use Xiaodu Yin (Detoxifying Drink) (see Article 23) without Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), adding Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), and Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma). If Lung Heat causes throat pain and unclear voice, use Quan Shu Chu Re Qing Fei Tang (Whole Book Clear Heat and Purify Lung Decoction) (see Article 55) without Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), adding Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma). (Some advocate using Ganjie Qingjin San (Licorice and Platycodon Clear Metal Powder); do not use lightly, the formula is retained.) Generally, for severe throat pain in measles, besides internal medication based on symptoms, externally use Shixuan San (Ten Acupoints Powder), Ersheng San (Two Sages Powder), Yusuo Chi (Jade Key), or Huadu Dan (Detoxifying Pill) for insufflation, choosing whichever is appropriate.
Shegan Niu Bang Zi Tang (Belamcanda and Arctus Seed Decoction) by Master Jingyuan:
Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix) (1.5 qian each), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Zicao (Lithospermi Radix), Ziwan Rong (Asternatis Herba) (1 qian each), Chantui (Cryptotympanae Pergamen), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (0.6 fen each), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (0.8 fen each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 fen), Dengxincao (Junci Medulla) (9 roots) as guide. Decoct in water, take after meals.
Qianshi Ganlu Yin (Qian's Sweet Dew Drink): Treats Heart and Stomach Heat, throat pain, mouth and tongue ulcers, heat toxin from chickenpox/measles attacking upward, swollen gums, loose teeth.
Tiangdong (Asparagi Tuber), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, stir-fried), KT (likely Zhi Mu/Matricariae Semen or similar, retain original), Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis, remove roots), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Yichen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Pipaye (Eriobotryae Folium), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Decoct in water, take after meals. For loose teeth, rinse mouth with this solution.
Jiawei Xiaodu Yin (Modified Detoxifying Drink):
Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) (1.5 qian), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) (0.7 fen), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (0.6 fen), Zicao Rong (Lithospermi Radix) (1 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 fen), Nuomi (Glutinis Oryzae Sativi Fructus) (a pinch) as guide. Decoct in water, take at any time.
Zicao Xiaodu Yin (Lithospermi Detoxifying Drink):
Zicao (Lithospermi Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) (1 qian each), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) (0.7 fen), Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 fen each). Decoct in water, take warm at intervals.
Shixuan San (Ten Acupoints Powder):
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (1 qian each), Ercha (Cameliae Sinensis Tea Catechu), Xionghuang (Realgar), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) (0.5 fen each), Pengsha (Borax) (0.5 fen), Ruxiang (Olibanum) (0.1 fen), Yuanmingfen (Mirabilite) (0.3 fen), Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) (a little, add when using). Grind into powder. Use 5 li per dose, insufflate into throat with a bamboo tube.
Ersheng San (Two Sages Powder):
Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) (3 qian), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus) (2 qian). Grind into powder. Insufflate into throat two or three times; pain stops and swelling subsides immediately.
Yusuo Chi (Jade Key):
Yanxiao (Natrii Nitras) (2.5 liang), Pengsha (Borax) (5 qian), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus) (2.5 qian), Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) (0.01 li). Grind into powder. Use 5 fen per dose, insufflate into throat.
Huadu Dan (Detoxifying Pill):
Boheye (Menthae Haplocalycis Folium), Jingjisui (Schizonepetae Spica), Xionghuang (Realgar), Chen sha (Cinnabaris) (2 qian each), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas) (1 qian), Yaxiao (Natrii Nitras), Pengsha (Borax), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (2.5 qian each), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (5 qian), Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix) (1.5 qian). Grind into fine powder. Insufflate into throat with a bamboo tube, or mix with water and swallow.
Da Rusheng Yinzi (Great Like Sage Infusion):
Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian each), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) (5 qian). Decoct in water and take.
Ganjie Qingjin San (Licorice and Platycodon Clear Metal Powder):
Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) (0.7 fen), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (5 qian each), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (1 liang), Hezi Pi (Terminaliae Chebulae Pericarpium) (3 qian). Grind into powder. Add a little Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), decoct in water. Take 1 qian with the decoction. Alternatively, add Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) and decoct in water. If voice is not unclear, remove Hezi Pi (Terminaliae Chebulae Pericarpium).
[Appendix] Formulas for Common Throat Conditions for Reference
Shegan Niu Bang Zi Tang (Belamcanda and Arctus Seed Decoction): Treats throat pain.
Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) (4 liang), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 liang each). Decoct in water and take.
Gancao Fangfeng Tang (Licorice and Saposhnikovia Decoction):
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (2 qian), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (6 qian). Decoct in water and take.
Jiawei Ganjie Tang (Modified Licorice and Platycodon Decoction): For temporary use in throat conditions.
Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (0.8 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1.2 fen), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) (0.6 fen each), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) (0.4 fen each), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (one slice) as guide. If heat is severe, remove Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix).
Wu Ao Tang (Five Stubborn Decoction): Treats throat pain.
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Xingren (Armeniacae Semens Amarum), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) as guide. Decoct in water and take.
Shegan San (Belamcanda Powder): Treats throat swelling and pain.
Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) (1.5 qian each), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) (1 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (0.8 fen), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian each). Decoct in water and take.
Haishang Fang (Sea Upper Formula): Treats fish bone impaction.
Jinfenghua Gen (Root of Golden Phoenix Flower), crush and decoct with rice vinegar. Hold in a spouted pot. Have the patient hold the spout in their mouth, tilt head back, and swallow. The bone will come out. When swallowing medicine, avoid touching teeth. Alternatively, use Yuzanhua Gen (Root of Jade Hairpin Flower) or Weilingxian Gen (Root of Clematis Root), treating as above. Also effective.