《甲乙经》均作与。《甲乙经》如衰作而衰。）身体皆重。（身及四肢，皆是足太阴脉行胃气营
之。若脾病，脉即不营，故皆重也。）是主脾所生病者，舌本痛，（脾所生病，太阴脉行至舌下，
故舌本痛也。）体不能动摇，（脾不营也。）食不下，烦心，心下急痛，（脾脉注心中，故脾生
病，烦心、心急痛也。平按∶痛《甲乙经》作寒疟。）溏、瘕、泄，（溏，食消，利也。瘕，食
不消，瘕而为积病也。泄，食不消，飧泄也。）水闭，（脾所生病，不营膀胱，故小便不利也。）
黄瘅，不能卧，强欠，（内热身黄病也。脾胃中热，故不得卧也。将欠不得欠，名曰强欠。平按∶
《灵枢》、《甲乙经》瘅均作疸，欠均作立。不能卧《甲乙经》作不能食唇青。）股膝内肿厥，
大指不用。（或痹不仁，不能用也。平按∶内肿厥《甲乙经》作内肿痛厥。大指上《灵枢》、《甲
乙经》均有足字。）为此诸病，盛则泻之，虚则补之，热则疾之，寒则留之，陷下则灸之，不盛
不虚，以经取之。盛者则寸口大三倍于人迎，虚者则寸口反小于人迎。
心手少阴之脉，起于心中，出属心系，下鬲络小肠；（十二经脉之中，余十一经脉及手太阳
经，皆起于别处，来入脏腑。此少阴经起自心中，何以然者？以其心神是五神之主，能自生脉，
不因余处生脉来入，故自出经也。肺下悬心之系，名曰心系。余经起于余处，来属脏腑。此经起
自心中，还属心系，由是心神最为长也。问曰∶《九卷》心有二经∶谓手少阴，心主。手少阴经
不得有输。手少阴外经受病，亦有疗处。其内心脏不得受邪，受邪即死。又《九卷·本输》之中，
手少阴经及输并皆不言。今此《十二经脉》及《明堂流注》，少阴经脉及输皆有，若为通精？答
曰∶经言心者，五脏六腑之大主，精神之舍，其脏坚固，邪不能客。客之则心伤，心伤则神去，
神去即死。故诸邪之在于心者，皆在心之包络，包络心主脉也。故有脉不得有输也。手少阴外经
有病者，可疗之于手掌兑骨之端。又恐经脉受邪伤脏，故《本输》之中，输并手少阴经亦复去之。
今此《十二经脉》手少阴经是动所生皆有诸病，俱言盛衰并行补泻及《明堂流注》具有五输者，
以其心脏不得多受外邪，其于饮食汤药，内资心脏，有损有益，不可无也。故好食好药资心，心即
调适；若恶食恶药资心，心即为病。是以心不受邪者，不可受邪也。言手少阴是动所生致病及《明
堂》有五输疗者，据受内资受外邪也。言手少阴是受邪，故有病也。平按∶注若为通精，精字原
校作释。又注是动所生，生字袁刻误作致。及明堂，及字袁刻作又。）其支者，从心系上挟咽，系
目系；（筋骨血气四种之精与脉合为目系，心脉系于目系，故心病闭目也。）其直者，复从心系
却上肺，上出掖下，下循 内后廉，行太阴心主之后，下肘内，循臂内后廉，抵掌后兑骨之端，
（其小指掌后尖骨，谓之兑骨也。平按∶上出掖下《灵枢》作下出腋下。掖《灵枢》、《甲乙经》
均作腋，下同，不再举。下肘内《甲乙经》作下肘中内廉。兑《灵枢》作
锐，下同。）入掌内廉，循小指之内出其端。（掌外将侧，名曰外廉；次掌内将侧，名内廉也。
平按∶《灵枢》、《甲乙经》廉上有后字。）是动则病嗌干心痛，渴而欲饮，为臂厥。（心经病，
心而多热，故渴而欲饮。其脉循臂，故是动为臂厥之病也。平按∶《灵枢》、《甲乙经》为上有
是字。）是主心所生病者，目黄胁痛， 臂内后廉痛厥，掌中热痛也。（其脉上掖近胁，故胁痛
也。 臂内后廉，脉行之处，痛及厥也。厥，气失逆也。平按∶胁痛《甲乙经》作胁满痛。）为
此诸病，盛则泻之，虚则补之，热则疾之，寒则留之，陷下则灸之，不盛不虚，以经取之，盛者
则寸口大再倍于人迎，虚者则寸口反小于人迎。
小肠手太阳之脉，（手太阳脉起于手指，上行入缺盆，下属小肠，通小肠血气，故曰小肠手
太阳脉也。）起于小指之端，循手外侧上 ，出踝中，（人之垂手，大指着身之侧，名手内侧；
小指之后，名手外侧。足胫骨与足 骨相属之处，着胫骨端内外高骨，名曰内外踝；手之臂骨之
端，内外高骨，亦名为踝也。手太阳脉贯踝也。平按∶ 《灵枢》、《甲乙经》作腕，考腕与
通。）直上循臂下骨下廉，（臂有二骨∶垂手之时，内箱前骨名为上骨，外箱后骨名为下骨。手
太阳脉行下骨下将侧之际，故曰下廉也。平按∶《灵枢》骨上无下字，《甲乙经》同。）出肘内
侧两骨之间，上循 外后廉，（手阳明上 外前廉，手少阳循 外，此手太阳循 外后廉。手三
阴脉行于 内，手三阳脉行于 外，此为异也。平按∶《灵枢》两骨作两筋。）出肩解，（肩臂
二骨相接之处，名为肩解。）绕肩甲，交肩上，入缺盆，（肩，两肩也。甲，两甲也。两箱之脉，
各于两箱绕肩甲已，会于大椎，还入缺盆，此为正也。有说两箱脉来交大椎上，会大椎穴以为交者，
经不言交，不可用也。平按∶甲《灵枢》作胛，《甲乙经》同。缺盆下
《甲乙经》有向腋下三字。）络心，循咽下鬲抵胃，属小肠；其支者，从缺盆循颈上颊，至目兑
，却入耳中；其支者，别颊上 抵鼻，至目内 。（脉络心，循咽而下，抵着胃下，属于小肠。
上至颧 ，旁抵鼻孔，至目内 。目 有三∶目之内角为内 ，外角为兑 ，崖上为上 也。平
按∶兑《灵枢》、《甲乙经》均作锐。下其支者，支字正统《甲乙经》作直。内 下《灵枢》、
《甲乙经》均有斜络于颧四字。注有三，三字袁刻误作二。）是动则病嗌痛颌肿，不可以顾，肩
似拔， 似折。（臂 痛若折者也。平按∶颌《灵枢》、《甲乙经》均作颔。）是主液所生病者，
耳聋目黄颊肿，颈颔肩 肘臂外后廉痛。（两大骨相接之处，有谷精汁，补益脑髓，皮肤润泽，
谓之为液，手太阳主之。邪气病液，遂循脉生诸病也。）为此诸病，盛则泻之，虚则补之，热则
疾之，寒则留之，陷下则灸之，不盛不虚，以经取之。盛者则人迎大再倍于寸口，虚者则人迎反
小于寸口。
膀胱足太阳之脉，（足太阳脉，起目内 ，上头下项挟脊属膀胱，通膀胱血气，故曰膀胱足
太阳脉也。）起于目内 ，上额交颠上；其支者，从颠至耳上角；其直者，从颠入络脑，还出别
下项，循肩 内挟脊抵腰中，入循膂络肾属膀胱；其支者，从腰中下贯 ，入 中；（颠，顶也。
顶上有骨空，太阳入骨空络脑还出也。 音博。 音屯，尻之浓肉也。平按∶《灵枢》、《甲乙经》
颠均作巅。贯 上《灵枢》有挟脊二字，《甲乙经》有会于后阴四字。）其支者，从 内左右别
下贯胂，过 枢，（胂，挟脊肉也，似真反。髀枢，谓髀骨尻骨相抵相入转动处也。平按∶支正
统本《甲乙经》作直。 《甲乙经》作膊。胂《灵枢》、《甲乙
经》均作胛，《甲乙经》注云。一作髋。胂下《灵枢》、《甲乙经》均有挟脊内三字。又注髀骨
髀字、相抵相字，袁刻均脱。）循髀外后廉，下合 中，以下贯 ，出外踝之后，循京骨至小指
外侧。（京骨，谓外踝下近前高骨也。京，高硕也。平按∶后廉上《灵枢》有从字； 作 ，《甲
乙经》同。）是动则病冲头痛，目似脱，项似拔，脊痛腰似折，髀不可以回， 如结， 如裂，
是为踝厥。（ 之病者，皆是太阳行踝之后，为厥失逆病也。结，谓束缚也。平按∶《甲乙经》
脊下无痛字，折下无髀字。回《灵枢》作曲，《甲乙经》同。注为上别本有所字。）是主筋所生
病者，痔疟狂颠疾，头亚项痛，目黄泪出鼽衄，项背腰尻 脚皆痛，小指不用。（足太阳水，
生木筋也，故足太阳脉主筋者也。所以邪伤于筋，因而饱食，筋脉横解，肠 为痔也。平按∶颠
《灵枢》作巅。亚《灵枢》作KT ，注音信，顶门也，《甲乙经》作囟，音同，疑是古囟字之误。
项痛《甲乙经》作项颈间痛。）为此诸病，盛则泻之，虚则补之，热则疾之，寒则留之，陷下则
灸之，不盛不虚，以经取之。盛者则人迎大再倍于寸口，虚者则人迎反小于寸口。
肾足少阴之脉，（足少阴脉，上行属肾，通行肾之血气，故曰肾足少阴脉也。）起于小指之
下，邪趣足心，出于然骨之下，（足太阳腑脉至足小指而穷，足少阴脏脉从小指而起，是相接也。
然骨，在内踝下近前起骨是也。平按∶趣《灵枢》作走。）循内踝之后，别入跟中，（少阴脉行至内踝
之后，别分一道入足跟中也。平按∶注足跟二字袁刻误作骨陷二字。）以上 内，出 内廉，贯
脊属肾络膀胱；（贯脊，谓两箱二脉，皆贯脊骨而上，各属一肾，共络膀胱。平按∶《甲乙经》
下有中字。）其直者，从肾上贯肝鬲，入肺中，循喉
咙，挟舌本；（直贯肝鬲而过称贯，即舌下两旁脉是也。平按∶舌本下《甲乙经》注云∶一本云∶
从横骨，中挟脐，循腹里上行而入肺。）其支者，从肺出络心，注胸中。（从肺下行，循心系络
于心，注胸中也。）是动则病饥不欲食，面黑如地色，（少阴脉病，阴气有余，不能消食，故饥
不能食也。以阴气盛，面黑如地色也。平按∶面黑如地色《灵枢》作面如漆柴，《甲乙经》作面黑
如炭色。）咳唾则有血，喝喝如喘，（唾为肾液，少阴入肺，故少阴病热，咳而唾血。虽唾喉中
不尽，故呼吸有声，又如喘也。喝，呼葛反。平按∶咳《甲乙经》作咳，如喘作而喘。）坐而欲
起，起目KT KT ，如无所见，（少阴贯肝，肝脉系目，今少阴病，从坐而起，上引于目，目精气
散，故KT KT 无所见也。莫郎反。平按∶起字《灵枢》、《甲乙经》不重，KT KT 作 。）
心如悬病饥状，（足少阴病，则手少阴之气不足，故心如悬饥状也。平按∶病《灵枢》、《甲乙
经》作若。）气不足则善恐，心惕惕如人将捕之，是为骨厥。（肾主恐惧，足少阴脉气不足，故
喜恐，心怵惕。前之病，是骨厥所为，厥谓骨精失逆。惕，耻激反，谓惧也。平按∶气不足至捕
之，《甲乙经》无此十四字。）是主肾所生病者，口热舌干，咽肿上气，嗌干及痛，烦心心痛，黄
瘅肠 ，（热成为瘅，谓肾脏内热发黄，故曰黄瘅也。肾主下焦，少阴为病，下焦大肠不和，故
为肠 也。平按∶瘅《灵枢》、《甲乙经》作疸。）脊股内后廉痛，委厥嗜卧，（津液不通，则
筋弛好卧也。平按∶委《灵枢》、《甲乙经》均作痿。）足下热而痛。（少阴虚则热并，故足下
热痛也。平按∶而痛下《甲乙经》有“灸则强食生肉，缓带被发，大杖重履而步”十六字，本书
及《灵枢》均在后。）为此诸病，盛则泻之，虚则补之，热则疾之，寒则留之，陷下则灸之，不
盛不虚，以经取之。灸则强食生食，（不盛不虚以经取者，亦以
经取灸也。故疗肾所生之病亦有五法∶自火化以降，并食熟肉，生肉令人热中，人多不欲食之，
肾有虚风冷病，故强令人生食豕肉，温肾补虚，脚腰轻健，人有患脚风气，食生猪肉得愈者众，
故灸肾病，须食助之，一也。）缓带，（带若急则肾气不适，故须缓带，令腰肾通畅，火气宣行，
二也。）被发，（足太阳脉，从顶下腰至脚，今灸肾病，须开顶被发，阳气上通，火气宣流，三也。
平按∶注从顶，顶字袁刻作项。开顶，顶字袁刻脱。）大杖，（足太阳脉，循于肩 ，下络于肾，
今疗肾病，可策大杖而行，牵引肩 ，火气通流，四也。）重履而步。（燃磁石疗肾气，重履引腰
脚，故为履重者，可用磁石分着履中，上弛其带令重，履之而行，以为轻者，可渐加之令重，用
助火气，若得病愈，宜渐去之，此为古之疗肾要法，五也。）盛者则寸口大再倍于人迎，虚者则
寸口反小于人迎。
心主手厥阴心包之脉，（心神为五脏六腑之主，故曰心主。厥阴之脉，行至于足，名足厥阴；
行至于手，名手厥阴。以阴气交尽，故曰厥阴。心外有脂，包裹其心，名曰心包。脉起胸中，入
此包中，名手厥阴。故心有两经也；心中起者，名手少阴；属于心包，名手厥阴。有脉别行，无
别脏形，三焦有气有脉，亦无别形，故手厥阴与手少阳以为表里也。平按∶心包下《灵枢》有络
字。《甲乙经》无心包二字。）起于胸中，出属心包，下鬲历络三焦；（自有经历而不络着，手
厥阴既是心脏之腑，三焦腑合，故属心包，经历三焦，仍络着也。三焦虽复无形，有气故得络也。）
其支者，循胸出胁，下掖三寸，上抵掖下，下循 内，行太阴少阴之间，入肘中，下臂行两筋之
间入掌中，循中指出其端；其支者，别掌中，循小指次指出其端。（循胸出胁之处，当掖下三寸，
然后上行，抵掖下方，下循臂也。太阴少阴既在前后，故心主厥阴行中间也。平按∶循中指上《甲
乙经》无入掌中
The *Jia Yi Jing* (Classified Classic of the Academy) consistently writes "yu" (with). The *Jia Yi Jing* writes "ru shuai" as "er shuai".) The whole body feels heavy. (The body and four limbs are all nourished by the stomach qi circulating through the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian. If the Spleen is diseased, the pulse cannot nourish them, hence the heaviness.) This meridian governs diseases generated by the Spleen: pain at the root of the tongue, (In diseases governed by the Spleen, the Taiyin meridian reaches under the tongue, causing pain at the root of the tongue.) inability to move or shake the body, (Due to lack of Spleen nourishment.) difficulty in eating, mental restlessness (Fanxin), and urgent pain in the epigastrium. (The Spleen meridian connects to the Heart; thus, when the Spleen is diseased, it causes mental restlessness and urgent epigastric pain. Note: In *Ping An*, the *Jia Yi Jing* writes "tong" (pain) as "han nue" (cold malaria).) Loose stools, abdominal masses (Jia), and diarrhea. (Loose stool refers to digested food passing freely; Jia refers to undigested food forming accumulations; Xie refers to undigested food passing as uncooked stool.) Urinary retention, (In diseases governed by the Spleen, the Bladder is not nourished, leading to difficult urination.) Jaundice, inability to lie down, forced yawning, (Internal heat causing yellow disease. Heat in the Spleen and Stomach prevents lying down. The urge to yawn without being able to do so is called forced yawning. Note: In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "dan" is written as "dan" (jaundice), and "qian" as "li". *Jia Yi Jing* writes "bu neng wo" as "bu neng shi chun qing" (inability to eat with blue lips).) Swelling and coldness in the inner thigh and knee, and non-function of the big toe. (Or numbness from Bi syndrome, unable to use. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* writes "nei zhong jue" as "nei zhong tong jue". *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* add "zu" (foot) before "da zhi".) For these diseases, excess is drained, deficiency is tonified, heat is treated with rapid needling, cold with retained needles, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency is treated by selecting points on the affected meridian. In excess cases, the Cun Kou pulse is three times larger than the Ren Ying pulse; in deficiency cases, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.
The Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian originates in the Heart, emerges to connect with the Heart system, descends through the diaphragm, and connects with the Small Intestine. (Among the twelve meridians, the other eleven, including the Hand-Taiyang, originate elsewhere and enter the Zang-Fu organs. Why does this Shaoyin meridian originate in the Heart? Because the Heart Spirit is the master of the Five Spirits and can generate its own pulse qi independently, not relying on pulses from other areas. Thus, the meridian issues directly. The Heart system hanging below the Lung is called the Heart system. Other meridians originate elsewhere and connect to the Zang-Fu. This meridian originates in the Heart and returns to connect with the Heart system, making the Heart Spirit the most honored. Question: The *Jiu Juan* mentions two Heart meridians: Hand-Shaoyin and Heart Master (Hand-Jueyin). Hand-Shaoyin should have no Shu points. External diseases of Hand-Shaoyin have treatment sites. The internal Heart does not accept pathogens; if it does, death ensues. Also, in *Jiu Juan · Ben Shu*, Hand-Shaoyin and its Shu points are not mentioned. Now, in this *Twelve Meridians* and *Ming Tang Liu Zhu*, both the Shaoyin meridian and its Shu points are recorded. How to explain this precisely? Answer: The text states that the Heart is the great master of the Zang-Fu organs and the residence of the Spirit. Its organ is solid, and pathogens cannot lodge. If they lodge, the Heart is injured, the Spirit departs, and death follows. Therefore, all pathogens affecting the Heart reside in the Pericardium (Xin Bao Luo), which is the Heart Master's meridian. Hence, there is a meridian but no separate Shu point. Diseases of the external Hand-Shaoyin meridian can be treated at the end of the metacarpal bone of the palm. Fearing that meridian pathogens might injure the Zang organs, the *Ben Shu* omits Hand-Shaoyin and its Shu points. However, in this *Twelve Meridians*, Hand-Shaoyin shows all diseases of movement and generation, discussing excess/deficiency and tonification/draining, and *Ming Tang Liu Zhu* lists five Shu points because the Heart rarely accepts external pathogens, but dietary and medicinal inputs internally nourish the Heart, having beneficial or harmful effects, which cannot be absent. Thus, good food and medicine regulate the Heart; bad food and medicine cause Heart disease. Therefore, saying the Heart does not accept pathogens means it does not accept external pathogens. The mention of Hand-Shaoyin diseases and five Shu points in *Ming Tang* refers to internal nourishment and external pathogen acceptance. Saying Hand-Shaoyin accepts pathogens explains why there are diseases. Note: In the annotation, "jing" (essence) in "ruo wei tong jing" was corrected to "shi" (explain) in the original collation. Also, "sheng" (generate) in "shi dong suo sheng" was mistakenly printed as "zhi" (cause) in Yuan edition. And "ji" (and) in "ji Ming Tang" was printed as "you" (again) in Yuan edition.) Its branch ascends from the Heart system, flanking the throat, and connects to the Eye System. (The essence of tendons, bones, blood, and qi combines with the vessel to form the Eye System. The Heart vessel connects to the Eye System, so Heart disease causes closed eyes.) Its main trunk returns from the Heart system, ascends to the Lung, emerges from the axilla, descends along the posterior medial border of the arm, running posterior to the Hand-Taiyin and Hand-Jueyin Xinpericardium meridians, descends into the elbow, follows the posterior medial border of the forearm, reaches the end of the metacarpal bone at the wrist, (The small metacarpal bone at the back of the palm is called the Rui Gu. Note: *Ling Shu* writes "chu ye xia" as "xia chu ye xia". "Ye" is written as "ye" (axilla) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, same below, not repeated. *Jia Yi Jing* writes "xia zhou nei" as "xia zhou zhong nei lian". "Rui" is written as "rui" in *Ling Shu*, same below.) enters the medial palm, and follows the little finger to its tip. (The outer edge of the palm is called Wai Lian; the inner edge is called Nei Lian. Note: *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* add "hou" (posterior) before "lian".) Movement disorders cause: dry throat, heart pain, thirst with desire to drink, known as Arm Jue. (Heart meridian disease involves excessive heat, causing thirst and desire to drink. Since the meridian runs along the arm, movement disorder manifests as Arm Jue. Note: *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* add "shi" (is) before "wei".) This meridian governs diseases generated by the Heart: yellow eyes, hypochondriac pain, pain and coldness in the posterior medial arm, and hot painful palms. (The meridian approaches the hypochondrium near the axilla, causing hypochondriac pain. The posterior medial arm is where the meridian runs, causing pain and Jue. Jue means Qi rebellion. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* writes "xie tong" as "xie man tong".) For these diseases, excess is drained, deficiency is tonified, heat is treated with rapid needling, cold with retained needles, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency is treated by selecting points on the affected meridian. In excess cases, the Cun Kou pulse is twice as large as the Ren Ying pulse; in deficiency cases, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.
Small Intestine Hand-Taiyang Meridian. (The Hand-Taiyang meridian originates from the fingers, ascends to the Clavicular Fossa, descends to belong to the Small Intestine, circulating its blood and Qi, hence called Small Intestine Hand-Taiyang Meridian.) It originates at the tip of the little finger, follows the lateral side of the hand upwards, passes through the ankle region, (When hanging the hand, the thumb side touching the body is the medial hand; the side behind the little finger is the lateral hand. Where the tibia and tarsus meet, the bony prominences on the inner and outer ends of the tibia are called inner and outer malleoli; similarly, the bony prominences at the ends of the arm bones are also called malleoli. The Hand-Taiyang meridian penetrates the malleolus. Note: *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* write "wan" (wrist); "wan" and "huang" are considered synonymous here.) straight up along the lower border of the ulna, (The arm has two bones: when hanging, the anterior medial bone is the upper bone, and the posterior lateral bone is the lower bone. The Hand-Taiyang meridian runs along the lower edge of the lower bone, hence called Xia Lian. Note: *Ling Shu* lacks "xia" (lower) before "gu" (bone), same as *Jia Yi Jing*.) emerges between the two bones on the medial side of the elbow, ascends along the posterior lateral border of the arm, (Hand-Yangming runs along the anterior lateral border of the arm, Hand-Shaoyang follows the lateral side, while Hand-Taiyang follows the posterior lateral border. Hand-Sanyin run on the medial side, Hand-Sanyang on the lateral side, which is the difference. Note: *Ling Shu* writes "liang gu" (two bones) as "liang jin" (two tendons).) emerges from the shoulder joint, (The junction of the shoulder and arm bones is called Jian Jie.), winds around the scapula, crosses the shoulders, and enters the Clavicular Fossa. (Shoulder refers to both shoulders. Jia refers to both scapulae. The meridians on both sides wind around the scapulae, meet at Dazhui, and return to the Clavicular Fossa, which is correct. Some say the meridians cross above Dazhui and meet at the Dazhui acupoint, but since the text does not say "cross", this view is not adopted. Note: "Jia" is written as "jia" (scapula) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. *Jia Yi Jing* adds "xiang ye xia" (towards the axilla) after "Que Pen".) Connects to the Heart, follows the throat, descends through the diaphragm to the Stomach, and belongs to the Small Intestine. Its branch arises from the Clavicular Fossa, follows the neck to the cheek, reaches the outer canthus, and re-enters the ear. Another branch diverges from the cheek, ascends to the cheekbone, reaches the nose, and arrives at the inner canthus. (Connecting to the Heart, following the throat down to the Stomach, belonging to the Small Intestine. Ascending to the zygomatic arch, reaching the nostril, arriving at the inner canthus. There are three types of canthi: inner angle is Nei Canthus, outer angle is Rui Canthus, and upper ridge is Shang Canthus. Note: "Rui" is written as "rui" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. In "Xia Qi Zhi Zhe", "Zhi" in orthodox *Jia Yi Jing* is written as "Zhi". After Nei Canthus, *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* add "xie luo yu quan" (obliquely connecting to the cheekbone). The note says "You San", but Yuan edition mistakenly prints "Er".) Movement disorders cause: sore throat, swollen mandible, inability to look back, shoulder feeling like being pulled out, arm feeling like broken. (Arm pain as if broken. Note: "He" is written as "han" (mandible) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. ) This meridian governs diseases generated by Fluids: deafness, yellow eyes, facial swelling, pain in the neck, mandible, shoulder, arm, elbow, and posterior lateral border of the arm. (At the junction of the two large bones, there is grain essence fluid that supplements the brain marrow and moistens the skin, called Fluid, governed by Hand-Taiyang. Pathogens affecting fluids follow the meridian to cause various diseases.) For these diseases, excess is drained, deficiency is tonified, heat is treated with rapid needling, cold with retained needles, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency is treated by selecting points on the affected meridian. In excess cases, the Ren Ying pulse is twice as large as the Cun Kou pulse; in deficiency cases, the Ren Ying pulse is smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.
Bladder Foot-Taiyang Meridian. (Foot-Taiyang originates at the inner canthus, ascends to the head, descends to the neck, flanks the spine, belongs to the Bladder, circulating its blood and Qi, hence called Bladder Foot-Taiyang Meridian.) It originates at the inner canthus, ascends to the forehead, and intersects at the vertex. Its branch goes from the vertex to the supraorbital ridge. Its main trunk enters from the vertex to connect with the Brain, emerges separately, descends to the nape, follows the medial aspect of the scapula, flanks the spine to the loins, enters to follow the paraspinal muscles, connects to the Kidney, and belongs to the Bladder. Its branch descends from the loins through the buttocks, enters the popliteal fossa. (Vertex is the top of the head. There is a bone hole on top where the Taiyang meridian enters to connect with the Brain and emerges. Bo sound. Tun sound, referring to thick flesh of the buttocks. Note: "Dian" is written as "dian" (vertex) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. Above "Guan", *Ling Shu* has "Xie Ji" (flank spine), *Jia Yi Jing* has "Hui Yu Hou Yin" (meet at posterior anus).) Its branch diverges from the medial buttock, descends through the thigh muscles, passes through the hip pivot, (Thigh muscle, flesh flanking the spine, pronunciation similar to Zhen. Bi Shu refers to the rotating joint where the femur and coccyx meet. Note: Orthodox *Jia Yi Jing* writes "Zhi" for "Zhi". "Bi" is written as "Bo" in *Jia Yi Jing*. "Shen" is written as "jia" (scapula) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, *Jia Yi Jing* note says: alternatively Kun. Below "Shen", *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* add "Xie Ji Nei" (medial flank spine). Also, "Bi" in "Bi Gu" and "Xiang Di Xiang" in "Xiang Di Xiang Ru" were omitted in Yuan edition.) follows the posterior lateral border of the thigh, joins at the popliteal fossa, descends through the calf, emerges posterior to the lateral malleolus, follows Jing Gu to the lateral side of the little toe. (Jing Gu refers to the high bone near the front of the lateral malleolus. Jing means high and solid. Note: Above "Hou Lian", *Ling Shu* has "Cong" (from); "Bi" is written as "Bi", same as *Jia Yi Jing*. ) Movement disorders cause: headache striking upward, eyes feeling like falling out, neck feeling like being pulled, spinal pain and waist feeling like breaking, thigh unable to turn, calf feeling bound, feeling like tearing, this is called Ankle Jue. (Diseases of the calf are due to Taiyang meridian running posterior to the ankle, causing Jue rebellion. Jie means binding. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* lacks "Tong" (pain) after "Ji" (spine) and "Bi" (thigh) after "Zhe" (break). "Hui" is written as "Qu" (curve) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. Note says "Wei Shang Bie Ben You Suo Zi".) This meridian governs diseases generated by Tendons: hemorrhoids, malaria, mania, epilepsy, head and neck pain, yellow eyes, tearing, nasal congestion or epistaxis, pain in the neck, back, waist, buttocks, calves, and feet, and non-function of the little toe. (Foot-Taiyang is Water, which generates Wood Tendons, so Foot-Taiyang governs Tendons. When pathogens injure tendons, followed by overeating, tendons relax transversely, causing hemorrhoids in the intestines. Note: "Dian" is written as "dian" (epilepsy) in *Ling Shu*. "Ya" is written as "KT" in *Ling Shu*, pronunciation Xin, meaning vertex, *Jia Yi Jing* writes "Xin", same sound, suspected error for ancient "Xin". "Xiang Tong" is written as "Xiang Jing Jian Tong" in *Jia Yi Jing*. ) For these diseases, excess is drained, deficiency is tonified, heat is treated with rapid needling, cold with retained needles, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency is treated by selecting points on the affected meridian. In excess cases, the Ren Ying pulse is twice as large as the Cun Kou pulse; in deficiency cases, the Ren Ying pulse is smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.
Kidney Foot-Shaoyin Meridian. (Foot-Shaoyin ascends to belong to the Kidney, circulating its blood and Qi, hence called Kidney Foot-Shaoyin Meridian.) It originates below the little toe, slants towards the sole, emerges below Ran Gu, (Foot-Taiyang Fu meridian ends at the little toe, Foot-Shaoyin Zang meridian starts from the little toe, this is connection. Ran Gu is the bone rising near the front below the medial malleolus. Note: "Qu" is written as "Zou" (walk) in *Ling Shu*. ) follows posterior to the medial malleolus, branches into the heel, (Shaoyin meridian reaches posterior to the medial malleolus, branching into the foot heel. Note: "Zu Gen" (foot heel) in the annotation was mistakenly printed as "Gu Xian" (bone depression) in Yuan edition.) ascends along the medial calf, emerges from the medial calf border, pierces the spine, belongs to the Kidney, and connects to the Bladder. (Piercing the spine means both meridians pierce the spinal column and ascend, each belonging to one Kidney, jointly connecting to the Bladder. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* adds "Zhong" (middle) below.) Its main trunk ascends from the Kidney, pierces the Liver and Diaphragm, enters the Lung, follows the throat, and flanks the root of the tongue. (Directly piercing Liver and Diaphragm is called Guan, referring to the vessels on both sides under the tongue. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* annotation says: another version says: from Heng Gu, flanking the umbilicus, following the abdomen interior ascending to enter the Lung.) Its branch emerges from the Lung, connects to the Heart, and pours into the Chest. (Descending from the Lung, following the Heart system to connect to the Heart, pouring into the Chest.) Movement disorders cause: hunger without desire to eat, face black as earth, (Shaoyin meridian disease, excess Yin Qi cannot digest food, hence hungry but unable to eat. Due to盛 Yin Qi, face is black as earth. Note: "Mian Hei Ru Di Se" is written as "Mian Ru Qi Chai" in *Ling Shu* and "Mian Hei Ru Tan Se" in *Jia Yi Jing*. ) coughing and spitting blood, panting sounds, (Saliva is Kidney fluid, Shaoyin enters Lung, so Shaoyin heat disease causes cough and spitting blood. Although saliva doesn't fully exit throat, breathing makes sounds, resembling panting. He, Hu Ge fan. Note: "Ke" is written as "Ke" in *Jia Yi Jing*, "Ru Chuan" as "Er Chuan".) sitting wanting to rise, rising causes blurred vision, as if unable to see, (Shaoyin pierces Liver, Liver vessel connects to Eyes. Now Shaoyin disease, rising from sitting pulls upward to Eyes, Eye Essence Qi scatters, hence blurred vision. Mo Lang fan. Note: "Qi" character is not repeated in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "KT KT" is written as "Kuang".) Heart feeling suspended like hunger, (Foot-Shaoyin disease leads to insufficiency of Hand-Shaoyin Qi, hence Heart feels suspended like hunger. Note: "Bing" is written as "Ruo" (like) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. ) Qi insufficiency leads to fearfulness, Heart palpitations as if someone is catching you, this is called Bone Jue. (Kidney governs Fear, Foot-Shaoyin Qi insufficiency leads to liking fear, Heart trembling. Previous diseases are caused by Bone Jue, Jue means Bone Essence rebellion. Ti, Chi Ji fan, means fear. Note: From "Qi Bu Zu" to "Bu Zhi", *Jia Yi Jing* lacks these fourteen characters.) This meridian governs diseases generated by the Kidney: hot mouth and dry tongue, swollen throat, rebellious Qi, dry and painful throat, mental restlessness and heart pain, jaundice, intestinal dysentery, (Heat becomes Dan, referring to Yellow Dan from internal Kidney heat, hence called Huang Dan. Kidney governs Lower Jiao, Shaoyin disease causes Lower Jiao Large Intestine disharmony, hence intestinal dysentery. Note: "Dan" is written as "Dan" (jaundice) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. ) pain in the posterior medial spine and thigh, flaccidity Jue and lethargy, (Fluids not circulating lead to relaxed tendons and preference for lying down. Note: "Wei" is written as "Wei" (flaccidity) in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. ) hot and painful soles. (Shaoyin deficiency leads to heat accumulation, hence hot and painful soles. Note: Below "Er Tong", *Jia Yi Jing* has "Jiu Ze Qiang Shi Sheng Rou, Huan Dai Bei Fa, Da Zhang Zhong Lv Er Bu" sixteen characters, which appear later in this book and *Ling Shu*.) For these diseases, excess is drained, deficiency is tonified, heat is treated with rapid needling, cold with retained needles, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency is treated by selecting points on the affected meridian. After moxibustion, strongly eat raw food, (Treating neither excess nor deficiency by selecting the meridian also applies to meridian moxibustion. Thus, treating Kidney-generated diseases also has five methods: Since fire transformation, people eat cooked meat. Raw meat causes internal heat, and people generally do not want to eat it. Kidney has deficiency wind-cold disease, so forcing raw pork consumption warms the Kidney and tonifies deficiency, making legs and waist light and strong. Many patients with leg wind-disease recovered by eating raw pork. Thus, for Kidney moxibustion, food aid is needed, first method.), loosen belt, (If belt is tight, Kidney Qi is uncomfortable, so loosening belt allows Waist-Kidney circulation and Fire Qi dissemination, second method.), let hair hang loose, (Foot-Taiyang meridian descends from vertex to waist to feet. Now for Kidney moxibustion, opening the vertex and letting hair hang allows Yang Qi to ascend and Fire Qi to flow, third method. Note: In annotation, "Cong Ding", "Ding" is printed as "Xiang" (nape) in Yuan edition. Kai Ding, "Ding" is omitted in Yuan edition.), large staff, (Foot-Taiyang meridian follows scapula, connects to Kidney below. Now treating Kidney disease, using a large staff to walk pulls the scapula, allowing Fire Qi to flow, fourth method.), heavy shoes and walking. (Burning magnetite treats Kidney Qi, heavy shoes pull waist and feet. Thus, calling shoes heavy, one can place magnetite in shoes, loosen belt to make them heavy, walk with them. For light ones, gradually add weight to assist Fire Qi. If cured, gradually remove. This is an ancient essential method for treating Kidney, fifth method.). In excess cases, the Cun Kou pulse is twice as large as the Ren Ying pulse; in deficiency cases, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.
Heart Master Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian. (Heart Spirit is the master of Zang-Fu organs, hence called Heart Master. Jueyin meridian reaching the foot is named Foot-Jueyin; reaching the hand is named Hand-Jueyin. Because Yin Qi is exhausted at intersection, it is called Jueyin. Outside the Heart is fat wrapping the Heart, called Pericardium. Meridian originates in Chest, enters this Pericardium, named Hand-Jueyin. Thus, Heart has two meridians; originating in Heart is Hand-Shaoyin; belonging to Pericardium is Hand-Jueyin. There is a meridian running separately without a distinct Zang shape. San Jiao has Qi and meridian but no distinct shape, so Hand-Jueyin and Hand-Sanjiao are exterior-interior partners. Note: *Ling Shu* adds "Luo" (connect) after "Xin Bao". *Jia Yi Jing* lacks "Xin Bao" two characters.) Originates in the Chest, emerges to belong to the Pericardium, descends through the diaphragm, sequentially connects with San Jiao. (Having experience but not connecting, Hand-Jueyin is the Fu organ of the Heart, San Jiao Fu combines, thus belonging to Pericardium, experiencing San Jiao, still connecting. Although San Jiao has no shape, it has Qi, so it can connect.) Its branch follows the chest, emerges from the hypochondrium, descends three cun below the axilla, ascends to reach the axilla, descends along the arm interior, running between Hand-Taiyin and Hand-Shaoyin, enters the elbow, descends along the forearm between two tendons, enters the palm, follows the middle finger to its tip. Its branch diverges from the palm, follows the ring finger to its tip. (Following chest emerging from hypochondrium, when three cun below axilla, then ascends, reaching behind axilla, descending along arm. Taiyin and Shaoyin being front and back, Heart Master Jueyin runs in the middle. Note: Above "Xun Zhong Zhi", *Jia Yi Jing* lacks "Ru Zhang Zhong" (enter palm))