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(The preceding three characters are missing.) When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, symptoms include heat in the palm, spasm of the elbow, and swelling in the axilla. In severe cases, there is fullness in the chest, palpitations (Xin Dan Dan Da Dong), redness of the face, and yellowing of the eyes. ("Dan" refers to the trembling of water, also indicating pulsation. Ping An: In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "heat in the hand" is written as "heat in the palm," "spasm of the elbow" as "spasm of the arm and elbow," "fullness in the chest" as "distension of the chest and hypochondrium," "heart Dan Dan" as "palpitations in the heart," and under "yellowing of the eyes," the four characters "unremitting laughter" appear. "Da Dong" in Zhao's edition of *Ling Shu* is written as "Huo Dong".) These are diseases generated by the Pericardium Meridian (Pericardium Channel). Symptoms include vexation, heart pain, and heat in the palms. (Since the Pericardium is diseased, it causes vexation and heart pain. Ping An: The character "Xin" [Heart] in "Xin Zhu" [Master of Heart] is absent in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*.) For these various conditions, excess is treated with draining methods, deficiency with tonifying methods, heat with rapid needling, cold with retained needling, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency with treatment of the affected meridian itself. In excess conditions, the Cun Kou pulse at the wrist is larger than the Ren Ying pulse at the neck by one fold; in deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

The San Jiao Hand-Shaoyang Meridian (Triple Energizer Hand-Taiyang Channel): (The Upper Jiao is below the heart, above the diaphragm, at the upper opening of the stomach; it governs intake without excretion, its mechanism lying in the Tan Zhong area. The Middle Jiao is in the middle of the stomach, neither ascending nor descending; it governs the rotting and ripening of food and drink, its mechanism lying beside the navel. The Lower Jiao is below the navel, at the upper opening of the bladder; it governs the separation of clear and turbid substances, governing excretion without intake, its mechanism lying one cun below the navel. The Qi of the Upper Jiao is like clouds and mist in the sky; the Qi of the Middle Jiao is like fermenting raindrops in the air; the Qi of the Lower Jiao is like ditches flowing on the ground. The Hand-Shaoyang meridian is the conduit of the San Jiao, circulating the blood and Qi of the San Jiao, hence it is called the San Jiao Hand-Shaoyang Meridian.) It originates at the tip of the fourth finger, ascends between the two fingers, follows the back of the hand, emerges between the two bones of the forearm, ascends through the elbow, follows the lateral aspect of the arm to the shoulder, crosses behind the Foot-Shaoyang meridian, and enters the Que Pen (Clavicular Fossa). (At the shoulder, it intersects with the Foot-Shaoyang, running behind it before entering the Que Pen. Ping An: Below "back of the hand," *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* both have the character "wrist".) It spreads in the Tan Zhong, connects with and networks the Pericardium, descends through the diaphragm, and extensively belongs to the San Jiao. ("Bian" means to spread. Spreading in the Tan Zhong. Some versions write "Bu" as "Jiao," but this is incorrect upon verification. San Jiao is Qi, while blood vessels are form; saying "belongs" implies the entry of meridian Qi. Ping An: In *Ling Shu*, "Luo" is written as "Luo" [fall], and "Bian" as "Xun" [follow].) Its branch rises from the Tan Zhong, exits the Que Pen, ascends to the neck, connects behind the ear, goes straight up to emerge above the ear's apex, then curves down to the cheek, reaching the infraorbital region. Another branch enters the ear from behind the ear, exits in front of the ear, passes anterior to the Ke Zhu Ren acupoint, crosses the cheek, and reaches the lateral canthus of the eye. ("Xi" means to connect. Some versions write "Xia" [clasp]. Ping An: "Xi" in *Ling Shu* is "Xi," in *Jia Yi Jing* is "Xia." For the lower cheek, the character "Jia" in *Jia Yi Jing* is "E." "Rui" in *Ling Shu* is "Rui," same below, not repeated.) When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, symptoms include deafness with a buzzing sound, swelling of the throat, and throat obstruction. ("Hun Hun Chun Chun" describes the sound of deafness. Ping An: "Chun Chun" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* is written as "Zhong".) These are diseases governed by the Qi of the San Jiao. Symptoms include sweating, pain in the lateral canthus, cheek pain, pain in the posterior ear, shoulder, elbow, and lateral arm, and dysfunction of the fourth finger. (Qi refers to the Qi and fluid of the San Jiao. Ping An: The character "Tong" [pain] in "Cheek pain" is absent in *Jia Yi Jing*. "Bu Yong" [not used] in *Jia Yi Jing* is written as "Bu Wei Yong" [not functioning].) For these conditions, excess is treated with draining, deficiency with tonifying, heat with rapid needling, cold with retained needling, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency with treatment of the affected meridian. In excess, the Ren Ying pulse is larger than the Cun Kou pulse by one fold; in deficiency, the Ren Ying pulse is smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

The Gallbladder Foot-Shaoyang Meridian: (The Foot-Shaoyang meridian originates at the lateral canthus, descends to network the Liver and belong to the Gallbladder, descends to the tuft of hair on the big toe, circulating the blood and Qi of the Gallbladder, hence called the Gallbladder Foot-Shaoyang Meridian. Ping An: The characters "Shu Dan" [belong to Gallbladder] in the note are omitted in Yuan's printed edition.) It originates at the lateral canthus, ascends to the forehead angle, descends behind the ear, follows the neck anterior to the Hand-Shaoyang meridian, reaches the shoulder, crosses behind the Hand-Shaoyang meridian, and enters the Que Pen. ("Jiao" refers to the forehead angle. The front of the neck is called the neck. The Foot-Shaoyang meridian descends from behind the ear to the neck, moves forward to the Que Pen, curves back toward the shoulder, turns backward at the shoulder, returns to the neck, and only then enters the Que Pen. Thus, when the Hand-Shaoyang ascends to the shoulder towards the Que Pen, it naturally intersects with the Foot-Shaoyang at the shoulder. The Foot-Shaoyang descends from the front of the neck to the Que Pen towards the shoulder, i.e., runs anterior to the Hand-Shaoyang; after intersecting at the shoulder and turning back to enter the Que Pen, it runs posterior to the Hand-Shaoyang. Ping An: *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* have the character "Tou" [head] before "Jiao." In the note, "Yi" [already] in "Zhi Jian Jiao Shou Shao Yang Yi" is misprinted as "Ye" [also] in Yuan's edition.) Its branch enters the ear from behind the ear, exits in front of the ear, and reaches behind the lateral canthus. Another branch diverges from the lateral canthus, descends to the Da Ying acupoint, merges with the Hand-Shaoyang at the Quan Liao acupoint, descends adding to the Jia Che acupoint, descends to the neck, merges with the Que Pen, descends into the chest, penetrates the diaphragm, networks the Liver, and belongs to the Gallbladder. (Da Ying is located in the bony depression one cun and two fen anterior to the jaw angle. After reaching Da Ying, the Foot-Shaoyang meridian moves toward Quan Liao, merges with the Hand-Shaoyang, then斜 descends toward Jia Che, adds to Jia Che, then descends to the neck to Que Pen, merging with the direct path. Jia Che is located above Da Ying at the end of the curved jaw. Some versions say diverging from the lateral canthus to welcome the Hand-Shaoyang at Quan Liao. Without the characters "Da He" [greatly merge]. Based on logic, since both meridians descend together, it cannot be called "welcome." Ping An: Below "Yu Quan Liao," *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* write "Di Yu Quan Liao" [reach Quan Liao].) It follows inside the costal region, emerges at the Qi Jie (Groin), surrounds the pubic hair area, and transversely enters the Bi Guan acupoint. ("Jie" means street. The path where the Qi of the Foot-Yangming and Foot-Shaoyang meridians travels is called Qi Jie. The lateral pivot of the thigh is named Bi Guan.) Its direct path descends from the Que Pen to the axilla, follows the chest passing the Ji Xie (Hypochondrium), descends to merge with the Bi Guan. (The ribs have front and back; the lowest ones are the Ji Xie. Some versions write "Lei" [ribs]. Ping An: "Bi Guan" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* is written as "Ya".) It descends along the Tai Yang of the thigh, emerges at the lateral margin of the knee, descends anterior to the lateral fibular bone, goes straight down to the end of the Jue Gu (Fibular Head/Ankle process), emerges anterior to the lateral malleolus, follows the dorsum of the foot, and enters between the fourth toe. (The Bladder Foot-Taiyang meridian descends from the thigh to the foot, hence named Bi Tai Yang. Fu Gu is the end of the Jue Gu, the Yang Fu acupoint above the lateral malleolus. Ping An: The character "Tai" in "Tai Yang" is absent in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*.) Its branch diverges from the dorsum of the foot, enters between the big toe, follows the medial bifurcation of the big toe to its tip, returns to pierce the nail bed, and emerges at the tuft of hair. (The Foot-Shaoyang meridian emerges at the tip of the big toe, returns to pierce the nail, and emerges at the tuft of hair. Also known as Cong Mao [tuft of hair], located in the hair behind the upper joint. Ping An: Below "Qi," *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* have the character "Gu" [bone]. Above "Zhua" [nail], *Jia Yi Jing* has the character "Ru" [enter].) When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, symptoms include bitter taste in the mouth, frequent sighing, pain in the heart and hypochondrium, and inability to turn over. (Gallbladder heat causes bile juice to follow the meridian into the cheek, resulting in a bitter taste, named Dan Bi [Gallbladder Obstruction]. The meridian follows the chest and hypochondrium, causing sighing and pain in the heart and hypochondrium. Ping An: "Fan Ce" [turn side] in *Ling Shu* is written as "Zhuan Ce" [turn].) In severe cases, the face appears dusty, the body lacks luster, the Foot-Shaoyang meridian becomes abnormally hot, which is called Yang Jue (Yang Reversal). ("Shen" [severe] refers to severe Yang Jue heat. The Foot-Shaoyang originates at the face; severe heat causes heat in the front of the head, hence the dusty complexion. Yang Jue is Shaoyang Jue. Ping An: "Mian Chen" [face dust] in *Ling Shu* is "Mian Wei You Chen" [face slightly has dust], in *Jia Yi Jing* is "Mian Wei Chen" [face slight dust]. "Foot-Shaoyang Fan Re" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* is "Zu Wai Fan Re" [foot exterior abnormally hot".) These are diseases governed by the bones. Symptoms include pain at the temple and lateral canthus, (Water governs bones; bones generate Foot-Shaoyang, so Foot-Shaoyang pain diseases also govern bones. E Jiao is at the hairline. Tou Jiao refers to the sides of the vertex, the high bone angle behind the forehead. "Qiu" refers to the mandibular ramus bone, extending from above to below the skull, named Qiu Gu. Ping An: "Jiao" in *Ling Shu* is "Tong" [pain], in *Jia Yi Jing* is "Mian" [face]. "Qiu" in *Ling Shu* is "Han", same in *Jia Yi Jing*. Note "Ya Che Gu": "Ya" in Yuan's edition is "Kou" [mouth].) swelling and pain in the Que Pen, axillary swelling, Ma Dao (Marine Knife/Malignant Neck Swelling) and Xia Ying (Parotid Swelling), sweating with chills and malaria, (The meridian descends from Que Pen to the axilla, hence axillary swelling; it also descends from Jia Che to the neck, hence Ma Dao and Xia Ying. Ma Dao refers to an abscess without pus. Sweating, chills, and malaria are all cold-heat diseases, generated by the blood and Qi of the bones.) (Ping An: Above "Ma," *Jia Yi Jing* has the character "Tong" [pain]. "Ying" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* is written as "Ying" [goiter].) Pain in the chest, hypochondrium, ribs, thigh, lateral knee, tibia, lateral malleolus, and all joints, with dysfunction of the fourth toe. (Foot-Shaoyang governs bones and networks all joints, hence pain in all joints. Ping An: Below "Xiong," *Jia Yi Jing* has the character "Zhong" [middle]. "Zhi Jing" in Yuan's edition is a misprint for "Zhi Jing" [to tibia].) For these conditions, excess is treated with draining, deficiency with tonifying, heat with rapid needling, cold with retained needling, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency with treatment of the affected meridian. In excess, the Ren Ying pulse is larger than the Cun Kou pulse by one fold; in deficiency, the Ren Ying pulse is smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

The Liver Foot-Jueyin Meridian: (The Foot-Jueyin meridian ascends from the toes, circles the genitalia, networks the Gallbladder, and belongs to the Liver, circulating the blood and Qi of the Liver, hence called the Liver Foot-Jueyin Meridian.) It originates above the tuft of hair on the big toe, follows the medial margin of the dorsum of the foot, one cun from the medial malleolus, ascends eight cun above the ankle, crosses behind the Foot-Taiyin meridian, ascends to the medial aspect of the tibia, follows the medial thigh, enters the pubic hair area, circles the genitalia, reaches the lower abdomen, flanks the stomach, belongs to the Liver, networks the Gallbladder, penetrates the diaphragm, and spreads in the hypochondrium. (The medial thigh near the genitals is named Yin Gu. Circling the genitalia once is named Huan. Ping An: In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "Cong" is written as "Cong"; "Shang Xun" [ascend follow] both have the character "Ji" [margin]. "Shang Huai" in *Jia Yi Jing* is "Wai Huai" [lateral ankle]. "Yin Gu" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* is "Gu Yin". In *Ling Shu*, "Huan" is "Guo" [pass], "Shao Fu" is "Xiao Fu" [lower abdomen]. In the orthodox edition of *Jia Yi Jing* below "Luo Dan," there are five characters "Qi Zhi Zhe Cong Gan" [its direct path starts from the liver".) It follows behind the pharynx, ascends into the Geng Sang (Epiglottis/Nasopharynx), connects with the Eye System, ascends to the forehead, and meets the Du Meridian at the vertex. (The upper opening of the pharynx is named Geng Sang. The Du meridian emerges above the eyes to the vertex, hence meeting the Jueyin.) Its branch descends from the Eye System to the interior of the cheeks, circles the lips internally. Another branch diverges from the Liver, penetrates the diaphragm, and ascends to pour into the Lung. (The Lung meridian Hand-Taiyin originates from the Middle Jiao. Subsequently, the meridians of the four zang and six fu organs arise sequentially connected to each other. Only the Foot-Jueyin meridian returns from the Liver to pour into the Lung, not receiving from the Hand-Taiyin. Why? Because meridians are born from blood and Qi; blood and Qi originate in the Middle Jiao granary. Thus, the Hand-Taiyin meridian arises from the Middle Jiao, receives blood and Qi, and then pours into the various meridians. The Middle Jiao is where the Hand-Taiyin receives blood and Qi, not where the meridians sequentially connect. Therefore, the meridian circuit, upon reaching the Foot-Jueyin, pours into the meridian, connecting with the Hand-Taiyin to travel together, without entering the Middle Jiao.) When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, symptoms include low back pain preventing flexion and extension, hernia in men, and lower abdominal swelling and low back pain in women. In severe cases, dryness of the throat and a dusty complexion. (Liver combines with Foot-Shaoyang; Yang excess merging with Yin causes a dusty complexion. Ping An: "Tui" in *Ling Shu* is written as "Tui" variant, in *Jia Yi Jing* as "Tui" variant. Below "Chen," *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* both have the characters "Tuo Se" [loss of luster".) These are diseases governed by the Liver. Symptoms include chest fullness, vomiting and counterflow qi, undigested food diarrhea, fox hernia, enuresis, or urinary retention. (The meridian reaches the lower abdomen and flanks the stomach, hence undigested food diarrhea. Fox hernia prevents urination at night, allowing it only at dawn; human illness resembles the fox, hence named Fox Hernia. Some versions write "Tui Hernia," referring to unilateral hernia. "Long" is the seal script for "Ma" [numbness]; here it refers to strangury, pronounced Long. Ping An: In *Jia Yi Jing*, "Sun Xie" is "Dong Xie" [loose stool], "Yi Niao" is "Ying Jing" [seminal emission], "Bi Long" is "Long Bi" [strangury obstruction".) For these conditions, excess is treated with draining, deficiency with tonifying, heat with rapid needling, cold with retained needling, sinking pulse with moxibustion, and neither excess nor deficiency with treatment of the affected meridian. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is larger than the Ren Ying pulse by one fold; in deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.