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In the physiological constants of human beings, the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel typically has abundant blood and scarce qi; the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) channel typically has scarce blood and abundant qi; the Yangming (Yang Brightness) channel typically has abundant qi and abundant blood; the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) channel typically has scarce blood and abundant qi; the Jueyin (Terminal Yin) channel typically has abundant blood and scarce qi; and the Taiyin (Greater Yin) channel typically has abundant qi and scarce blood. These are the natural constants. The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Channel and the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Channel are exterior-interior paired; the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Channel and the Foot-Jueyin Liver Channel are exterior-interior paired; the Foot-Yangming Stomach Channel and the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Channel are exterior-interior paired. This constitutes the exterior-interior relationships of the Foot-Yin and Foot-Yang channels. The Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Channel and the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Channel are exterior-interior paired; the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao (Triple Burner) Channel and the Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Channel (Heart Master) are exterior-interior paired; the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Channel and the Hand-Taiyin Lung Channel are exterior-interior paired. This constitutes the exterior-interior relationships of the Hand-Yin and Hand-Yang channels. Now that we understand the ailments to which the Hand and Foot Yin and Yang channels are prone, in treating diseases, one must first remove stagnant blood, thereby alleviating their distress. Then, observe the direction of the pathology (excess or deficiency), and subsequently drain the excess and tonify the deficiency. To locate the Back-Shu points on the back, first measure the distance between the two nipples, fold it in half, and then use another grass stem to measure half of the remaining length. Use this length as a reference for positioning. Place this measuring tool on the back, with one corner at the top, aligned with the Dazhui (GV14) acupoint on the spine, and the other two corners at the bottom. The point directly below the lower corner is the Feishu (BL13) acupoint of the Lung. Move down one unit distance, and you find the Xinshu (BL15) acupoint of the Heart. Move down one unit further; the left corner corresponds to the Ganshu (BL18) acupoint of the Liver, and the right corner corresponds to the Pishu (BL20) acupoint of the Spleen. Move down one unit again, and you find the Shenshu (BL23) acupoint of the Kidney. These are referred to as the Back-Shu points of the Five Zang organs, which also determine the depth for moxibustion and acupuncture. When the body is comfortable but the mind is distressed, diseases arise in the vessels; treat them with moxibustion and acupuncture. When both the body and the mind are comfortable, diseases arise in the flesh/muscles; treat them with needle-stone (bian stone). When the body is laborious but the mind is content, diseases arise in the sinews/tendons; treat them with hot compresses (warming therapy) and Dao Yin (qigong exercises). When both the body and the mind are distressed, diseases arise in the throat/pharynx; treat them with various herbs/medicines. Frequent fright and fear lead to blockage of the meridians and collaterals, resulting in diseases characterized by numbness and insensitivity; treat them with massage and medicinal wine. This is described as the "Five Forms and States of Mind." Acupuncture at the Yangming channel can release both blood and qi; acupuncture at the Taiyang channel can release blood while avoiding qi depletion; acupuncture at the Shaoyang channel can release qi while avoiding bloodletting; acupuncture at the Taiyin channel can release qi while avoiding bloodletting; acupuncture at the Shaoyin channel can release qi while avoiding bloodletting; and acupuncture at the Jueyin channel can release blood while avoiding qi depletion. *Jingmai Bie Lun* mentions: Falling or extreme exhaustion resembling foaming/bubbling (describing shortness of breath or physical collapse). *Zangqi Fashi Lun* mentions: Clarity of spirit (Hui), confusion (Cui), trance/dizziness (HT/KT/Huang), internal heat (Nei). *Xuanming Wuqi Pian* mentions: Closure/constriction (Xi), obstruction (Di), blockage (Zhi), coagulation/stagnation (Ning Qi), aphonia (Yin). *Xueqi Xingzhi Pian* annotations: Xiang Zhu (pronunciation guide), Pi (sound 'pi', referring to a type of bian stone).