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Huangdi asked, "When wind pathogen invades the human body, it may manifest as cold-heat syndrome (Han Re), heat-in-the-middle syndrome (Re Zhong), cold-in-the-middle syndrome (Han Zhong), leprosy (Li Feng), hemiplegia (Pian Ku), or headwind (Feng). The diseases vary, and their names differ. Some penetrate internally to the five zang organs and six fu organs. I do not understand the explanation; I wish to hear your theory."

Qibo replied, "Wind pathogen lodges between the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It cannot communicate internally nor be excreted externally. Wind is characterized by its mobility and frequent changes. When the interstices (Cou Li) are open, one feels chilly and cold; when they are closed, one experiences fever and chest stuffiness. In the cold manifestation, appetite declines; in the heat manifestation, muscles waste away. Thus, the person shivers and cannot eat. This condition is named Cold-Heat Syndrome (Han Re).

If wind pathogen enters the stomach along the Yangming channel, traveling up the meridian to the inner canthus of the eye: if the person is obese, the wind pathogen cannot be excreted externally, leading to Heat-in-the-Middle Syndrome (Re Zhong) with yellowing of the eyes; if the person is thin, the wind pathogen escapes externally causing cold, leading to Cold-in-the-Middle Syndrome (Han Zhong) with tearing.

If wind pathogen enters together with the Taiyang channel, circulating through the acupoints of various meridians and dispersing between the muscle intervals, it interferes with Wei Qi (Defensive Qi). Due to obstructed pathways, the muscles become swollen and develop sores. If Wei Qi coagulates and fails to circulate, the flesh becomes insensible (Ren). Leprosy (Li Feng) occurs when Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) is hot and the qi is turbid, causing collapse of the nasal bridge, deterioration of complexion, and ulceration of the skin. When wind-cold lodges in the vessels and does not depart, it is called Leprosy (Li Feng), also sometimes referred to as Cold-Heat Syndrome (Han Re).

Wind injury occurring on Jia/Yi days in spring affects the Liver Wind (Gan Feng); on Bing/Ding days in summer, it affects Heart Wind (Xin Feng); on Wu/Ji days in late summer, it affects Spleen Wind (Pi Feng); on Geng/Xin days in autumn, it affects Lung Wind (Fei Feng); on Ren/Gui days in winter, it affects Kidney Wind (Shen Feng). Wind entering the acupoints of the five zang and six fu organs creates organ-specific winds. Entering through their respective gates results in Partial Wind (Pian Feng).

Wind ascending via the Fengfu point (DU16) causes Brain Wind (Nao Feng). Wind entering the head's connecting vessels causes Eye Wind (Mu Feng) with coldness in the eyes. Wind after drinking alcohol causes Dripping Wind (Lou Feng). Wind during sweating after sexual intercourse causes Internal Wind (Nei Feng). Wind after a new hair wash causes Head Wind (Shou Feng). Long-standing wind penetrating inward causes Intestinal Wind (Chang Feng) with undigested stool (Sun Xie). Wind remaining at the surface interstices causes Leaking Wind (Xie Feng). Therefore, wind is the chief of all diseases. Its transformations lead to other illnesses without fixed patterns, yet always originating from wind pathogen.

The Emperor said, 'Why do the manifestations of wind affecting the five zang organs differ? I wish to hear about their diagnosis and pathological conditions.'

Qibo said, 'Lung Wind (Fei Feng) presents with excessive sweating, aversion to wind, pale complexion, occasional cough, and shortness of breath. Symptoms improve during the day and worsen in the evening. Diagnosis is observed above the eyebrows, where the color is white.

Heart Wind (Xin Feng) presents with excessive sweating, aversion to wind, dry mouth/throat, irritability, and fearfulness. The complexion is red. Severe cases involve slurred speech. Diagnosis is observed at the mouth, where the color is red.

Liver Wind (Gan Feng) presents with excessive sweating, aversion to wind, sadness, slightly blue-green complexion, dry throat, irritability, and occasional aversion to women. Diagnosis is observed below the eyes, where the color is green.

Spleen Wind (Pi Feng) presents with excessive sweating, aversion to wind, lethargy, desire to remain inactive, pale yellow complexion, and poor appetite. Diagnosis is observed at the tip of the nose, where the color is yellow.

Kidney Wind (Shen Feng) presents with excessive sweating, aversion to wind, facial edema, back pain preventing upright standing, dark complexion, and difficulty with urination. Diagnosis is observed in the skin/muscle, where the color is black.

Stomach Wind (Wei Feng) presents with excessive sweating at the neck, aversion to wind, dysphagia, chest obstruction, abdominal fullness, bloating when underdressed, and diarrhea after eating cold food. The patient appears emaciated but has a distended abdomen.

Head Wind (Shou Feng) presents with excessive sweating on the head and face, aversion to wind. Symptoms worsen one day before the wind arrives, with severe headache preventing going out or coming in. Symptoms improve slightly on the day the wind blows.

Dripping Wind (Lou Feng) presents with excessive sweating, inability to wear single layers, sweating while eating, severe whole-body sweating, panting, aversion to wind, wet clothes, dry mouth with thirst, and inability to perform labor.

Leaking Wind (Xie Feng) presents with excessive sweating that soaks clothes, dry mouth, dampness on the upper back, inability to perform labor, body-wide pain, and feeling cold.'

The Emperor said, 'Excellent.'"