于肺，故曰报也。肝木之气，不能上升则耳聋嗌干。取其经脉而治之，则在太阴，太阴者肺
也。又曰∶足太阳之外，厥阴内者，言尻阴股膝髀 足皆痛，乃病足太阳之经脉于外。少气不能报息，
耳聋嗌干，乃病足厥阴之经脉于内。在外者治其外，在内者治其内。血者，通其经脉也。
肾病者，腹大胫肿喘咳，身重，寝汗出，憎风。虚则胸中痛，
大腹小腹痛，清厥，意不乐。取其经，少阴太阳血者。
肾为水脏，水逆于下，故腹大胫肿。肾为生气之原，奔气上迫，故喘咳。生阳之气，不周于身，故身
重。寝则阳气归阴，阴虚故汗出。汗出故憎风。肾气虚微，心肾不交，则胸中痛。胸者，心
之宫城也，大腹属坤土，小腹主生阳，生阳气虚，不温其土，故大腹小腹皆痛。阴寒盛，阳气虚，故清厥。
清厥微冷，厥，逆也。心有所忆，谓之意，心肾不和，故意不乐。取其经脉而治之，则在少
阴太阳。少阴者，肾也，太阳者，心为阳中之太阳也。血者，通其经脉也。
此一节，言五脏病气在于经脉，当取三阴三阳之经脉而治之。
肝色青，宜食甘，粳米牛肉枣葵皆甘。
此举五谷五畜五果五菜，以明上文五苦之意。肝主春，其色青。肝苦急，急食甘以缓之，故宜食甘。
稽其谷畜果菜，而合于甘之味，则粳米牛肉枣葵，皆甘。
心色赤，宜食酸，小豆犬肉李韭皆酸。
心主夏，其色赤。心苦缓，急食酸以收之，故宜食酸。稽其谷
畜果菜，而合于酸之味，则小豆犬肉李韭，皆酸。
肺色白，宜食苦，麦羊肉杏薤皆苦。
肺主秋，其色白。肺苦气上逆，急食苦以泻之，故宜食苦。稽
其谷畜果菜，而合于苦之味，则麦羊肉杏薤皆苦。
脾色黄，宜食咸，大豆豕肉栗藿皆咸。
脾主长夏，其色黄。脾苦湿，急食苦以燥之。夫脾苦湿，亦苦燥，若脾苦燥，则宜食咸。稽其谷畜
果菜，而合于咸之味，则大豆豕肉栗藿，皆咸。诸脏皆合上文，脾脏不合者，以上文两言苦味，
一言苦以燥之，一言苦以泄之，盖苦味主泄，未必能燥，故此则曰宜食咸，咸以泄之也，宜食咸必脾脏之
苦燥矣。脾脏属土，贵得其平，既苦湿，亦苦燥，故彼此更易其辞，圣人立教之旨，贵学人之能悟也。
肾色黑，宜食辛，黄黍鸡肉桃葱皆辛。
肾主冬，其色黑。肾苦燥，急食辛以润之，故宜食辛。稽其谷
畜果菜，而合于辛之味，则黄黍鸡肉桃葱，皆辛。
辛散、酸收、甘缓、苦坚、咸 ，毒药攻邪。
此举药之辛散酸收甘缓苦坚咸 ，以明上文五欲之意。肝欲散，急食辛以散之，故辛散；肺欲收，
急食酸以收之，故酸收；脾欲缓，急食甘以缓之，故甘缓；肾欲坚，急食苦以坚之，故苦坚；
心欲 ，急食咸以 之，故咸 。夫谷畜果菜，皆有辛酸甘苦咸之味，而散收缓坚 ，莫若毒药，其力乃
倍，以明上文诸急食者，急以毒药攻邪，得其平也。
五谷为养，五果为助，五畜为益，五菜为充，气味合而服之，
以补精益气。
五谷，所以养五脏者也，故五谷为养；五果，所以助五脏者也，故五果为助；五畜，所以益五脏者
也，故五畜为益；五菜，所以充五脏者也，故五菜为充。谷果畜菜有气有味，味入口，气归鼻，气
味合而服之，可以补有形之精，益无形之气，而不同于毒药也。
此五者，有辛酸甘苦咸，各有所利，或散或收，或缓或急，或
坚或 ，四时五脏，病随五味所宜也。
此谷果畜菜药五者，皆有辛酸甘苦咸之味，五味合五脏，故各有所利。利，犹宜也。或肝欲散，或
肺欲收，或脾欲缓，或肝苦急，或肾欲坚，或心欲 ，此散收缓坚 ，五脏之所欲也。五脏各
有所欲，各有所苦，或急者，肝苦急也。兼言或急，则心或苦缓，脾或苦湿，肾或苦燥，肺或苦气上逆
，皆在其中。天行四时，人具五脏，地生五味，四时五脏之病，随五味所宜，以为脏气法时也。
此一节，言谷畜果菜药，各有五味之五行，以明藏气法天之四时，更法地之五味也。
For the Lung, it is thus called "Bao" (referring to the correspondence of pathogenic qi). When the Qi of Liver Wood cannot ascend, it results in deafness and dry throat. Treating via its meridians involves the Taiyin Meridian; the Taiyin Meridian is the Lung Meridian. It is also said: "The Foot-Taiyang is external, the Jueyin is internal," meaning that pain in the sacrum, genitalia, thigh, knee, calf, and foot indicates disease in the meridian of the Foot-Taiyang externally. Shortness of breath with inability to complete inhalation, deafness, and dry throat indicate disease in the meridian of the Foot-Jueyin internally. For diseases external, treat the exterior; for diseases internal, treat the interior. The term "Blood" refers to unblocking the meridians.
Kidney disease manifests as abdominal distension, swelling of the calves, wheezing and cough, heavy body, night sweats, and aversion to wind. Deficiency patterns manifest as chest pain, pain in the large and small abdomen, cold extremities (Qingjue), and unhappiness. Treatment involves selecting the Shaoyin and Taiyang meridians' blood points.
The Kidney is the Water organ. When Water Qi rebels downward, abdominal distension and calf swelling occur. The Kidney is the source of generating Qi; when Rushing Qi (Benqi) presses upward, wheezing and cough result. When Shengyang Qi (Generating Yang Qi) fails to circulate throughout the body, the body feels heavy. During sleep, Yang Qi returns to Yin; due to Yin deficiency, sweating occurs. Sweating leads to aversion to wind. When Kidney Qi is weak and deficient, Heart-Kidney non-interaction occurs, leading to chest pain. The chest is the palace city of the Heart; the large abdomen belongs to Kun Earth, and the small abdomen governs Shengyang Qi. If Shengyang Qi is deficient and fails to warm the Earth, pain occurs in both the large and small abdomen. When Yin-Cold is excessive and Yang Qi is deficient, Qingjue (mild cold and reversal) occurs. Qingjue means slightly cold; Jue means reversal. Memory residing in the heart is called Yi (Intent); when Heart and Kidney are disharmonious, unhappiness results. Treatment involves the Shaoyin and Taiyang meridians. The Shaoyin Meridian is the Kidney; the Taiyang Meridian corresponds to the Heart (the Heart is the Taiyang among Yang organs). The term "Blood" refers to unblocking the meridians.
This section discusses how pathogenic Qi of the five Zang organs resides in the meridians and should be treated by selecting the meridians of the Three Yin and Three Yang.
The Liver color is green; it is suitable to eat sweet foods. Jingmi (Coix Seed/Rice), Beef, Jujube, and Okra are all sweet.
Here, the Five Grains, Five Livestock, Five Fruits, and Five Vegetables are listed to clarify the meaning of "Five Bitter" mentioned earlier. The Liver governs Spring, and its color is green. The Liver suffers from tension (Ji); urgently eating sweet flavors to relax it is appropriate, hence sweet foods are suitable. Examining grains, livestock, fruits, and vegetables that correspond to the sweet flavor, such as Jingmi (Rice), Beef, Jujube, and Okra, are all sweet.
The Heart color is red; it is suitable to eat sour foods. Adzuki Bean, Dog Meat, Plum, and Chinese Chives are all sour.
The Heart governs Summer, and its color is red. The Heart suffers from flaccidity (Huan); urgently eating sour flavors to astringe it is appropriate, hence sour foods are suitable. Examining grains, livestock, fruits, and vegetables that correspond to the sour flavor, such as Adzuki Bean, Dog Meat, Plum, and Chinese Chives, are all sour.
The Lung color is white; it is suitable to eat bitter foods. Wheat, Mutton, Apricot, and Allium Macrostemon (Xie) are all bitter.
The Lung governs Autumn, and its color is white. The Lung suffers from rebellious Qi ascending; urgently eating bitter flavors to drain it is appropriate, hence bitter foods are suitable. Examining grains, livestock, fruits, and vegetables that correspond to the bitter flavor, such as Wheat, Mutton, Apricot, and Allium Macrostemon (Xie), are all bitter.
The Spleen color is yellow; it is suitable to eat salty foods. Soybean, Pork, Chestnut, and Vigna Angularis (Huo) are all salty.
The Spleen governs Late Summer, and its color is yellow. The Spleen suffers from Dampness; urgently eating bitter flavors to dry it is appropriate. However, the Spleen suffers from both Dampness and Dryness. If the Spleen suffers from Dryness, then salty foods are suitable. Examining grains, livestock, fruits, and vegetables that correspond to the salty flavor, such as Soybean, Pork, Chestnut, and Vigna Angularis (Huo), are all salty. All Zang organs correspond to the above text, except the Spleen. This discrepancy arises because the previous text mentions bitter flavor twice: once to dry Dampness and once to drain Heat. Generally, bitter flavors primarily drain and may not necessarily dry; thus, this section states that salty foods are suitable, as salty flavors can drain downward. Suitable salty foods imply the Spleen suffers from Dryness. The Spleen belongs to Earth and values balance; since it suffers from both Dampness and Dryness, the wording changes accordingly. The intent of the Sages lies in the learner's ability to comprehend.
The Kidney color is black; it is suitable to eat pungent foods. Yellow Millet, Chicken, Peach, and Scallion are all pungent.
The Kidney governs Winter, and its color is black. The Kidney suffers from Dryness; urgently eating pungent flavors to moisten it is appropriate, hence pungent foods are suitable. Examining grains, livestock, fruits, and vegetables that correspond to the pungent flavor, such as Yellow Millet, Chicken, Peach, and Scallion, are all pungent.
Pungent disperses, Sour astringes, Sweet moderates, Bitter solidifies, Saline softens; toxic drugs attack pathogens.
Here, the properties of drugs—Pungent dispersing, Sour astringing, Sweet moderating, Bitter solidifying, Saline softening—are listed to clarify the meaning of "Five Desires" mentioned earlier. The Liver desires dispersion; urgently eating pungent flavors to disperse it makes Pungent dispersing; the Lung desires consolidation; urgently eating sour flavors to consolidate it makes Sour astringing; the Spleen desires moderation; urgently eating sweet flavors to moderate it makes Sweet moderating; the Kidney desires solidification; urgently eating bitter flavors to solidify it makes Bitter solidifying; the Heart desires softening; urgently eating salty flavors to soften it makes Saline softening. Grains, livestock, fruits, and vegetables possess pungent, sour, sweet, bitter, and salty flavors, but regarding dispersion, astringing, moderating, solidifying, and softening, none match the potency of toxic drugs, whose power is doubled. This clarifies that the various "urgent eating" mentioned earlier refers to urgently using toxic drugs to attack pathogens and restore balance.
The Five Grains serve as nourishment, the Five Fruits as assistance, the Five Livestock as benefit, and the Five Vegetables as supplementation. Consuming them with combined Qi and Flavor
nourishes Essence and boosts Qi.
The Five Grains nourish the Five Zang organs, hence they are Nourishment; the Five Fruits assist the Five Zang organs, hence they are Assistance; the Five Livestock benefit the Five Zang organs, hence they are Benefit; the Five Vegetables supplement the Five Zang organs, hence they are Supplementation. Grains, fruits, livestock, and vegetables have Qi and Flavor. Flavor enters the mouth, Qi enters the nose. Consuming them with combined Qi and Flavor can replenish有形 (tangible) Essence and boost无形 (intangible) Qi, differing from toxic drugs.
These five categories possess Pungent, Sour, Sweet, Bitter, and Salty flavors, each offering specific benefits. Some disperse, some astringe, some moderate, some urgently act, some solidify, some soften. Diseases of the Four Seasons and Five Zang organs follow the suitability of the Five Flavors.
These five categories—Grains, Fruits, Livestock, Vegetables, and Drugs—all possess Pungent, Sour, Sweet, Bitter, and Salty flavors. The Five Flavors correspond to the Five Zang organs, thus each offers specific benefits. "Benefit" implies suitability. Whether the Liver desires dispersion, the Lung desires consolidation, the Spleen desires moderation, the Liver suffers tension, the Kidney desires solidification, or the Heart desires softening, these actions of dispersing, astringing, moderating, solidifying, and softening represent the desires of the Five Zang organs. Each Zang organ has its own desires and sufferings. Mentioning "urgent" refers to the Liver suffering tension. By mentioning "or urgent," it implies the Heart may suffer flaccidity, the Spleen may suffer Dampness, the Kidney may suffer Dryness, and the Lung may suffer rebellious Qi ascending, all included herein. Heaven moves through the Four Seasons, humans possess the Five Zang organs, and Earth generates the Five Flavors. Diseases of the Four Seasons and Five Zang organs follow the suitability of the Five Flavors, establishing the principle of Zang Qi conforming to Time.
This section discusses how Grains, Livestock, Fruits, Vegetables, and Drugs each possess the Five Elements of the Five Flavors, illustrating that Zang Qi conforms to Heaven's Four Seasons and further conforms to Earth's Five Flavors.