脉出鱼际，逆气喘息。脉浮为风紧为寒，数为热，细为湿，此生于外邪之所
搏。脉浮紧则虚寒，沉数则实热，弦数则少血，洪滑则多痰，此皆生于内气之
郁。又弦为饮，人壮吐之而愈，沉者不可发汗。
风寒为病，主乎肺，以肺主皮毛而司于外，伤之则腠理不疏，风寒内郁
于肺，清肃之气不利，而生痰动嗽。又寒饮食入胃，从脾脉上至于肺，则肺寒，
内外相合邪，因而嗽之。
火盛炎烁肺金，遂成郁遏胀满，甚则干咳无痰，或吐血痰。好色肾虚，阴虚
生火，肺津耗散，津液气血皆化为痰矣。痰则气滞，妨碍升降。
有论咳者，卫气之失嗽者，荣血之失，外伤六气，随风寒暑湿燥火，感其部
位，察而表之，内伤七情，皆胃受之，而关于肺。
伤风咳者 增寒壮热，自汗恶风，口干烦躁，宜麻黄汤。遗屎，赤石脂。
伤寒咳者 发热无汗恶寒，无渴。
伤暑咳者 烦热引饮，或吐沫、声嘶、咯血。
伤湿咳者 骨节烦疼，四肢重着，洒洒淅淅。
喜伤心咳者 喉仲介介如肿状，甚则咽肿喉痹，又自汗咽干，咯血，此劳
伤心，小肠受之咳与气俱失，宜芍药甘草汤。又心咳桂枝汤。
怒伤肝咳 而两胁下痛，不可转侧或则两 下满，左胁偏痛，引少腹，此怒伤肝。宜小柴胡汤；胆受
之，呕苦汁，宜黄芩半夏汤，加甘草治之。
思伤脾咳 而两胁下痛，引肩背，又腹胀，心痛不饮食，此饥饱之伤，宜
升麻汤。胃受之，呕长虫，乌梅汤，又云人参主之。
忧伤肺咳 而喘息有声，甚则吐血，或吐白沫，口燥声嘶，此叫呼伤肺；大
肠受之，遗屎，治同气下条，又云枳壳治之。
恐伤肾咳 而腰背相引痛，甚则咳涎，或寒热喘满引腰背，此房劳伤肾，宜
麻黄细辛附子汤；膀胱受之，遗溺，宜茯苓甘草汤治之。
久嗽不已三焦受之 腹满不欲食，此皆聚于胃关于肺，令多涕唾而面浮肿，
气逆也，宜异功白术散。
张论 有贫者外感之由，经曰∶秋伤于湿，冬必咳嗽。又曰∶岁火太过，肺
金受邪，病嗽是也。有富贵者，多食浓味，热痰所成也。谓之涎嗽是也。
李论 皆脾弱受病，肺金受邪，饮食不行，留积而成痰，冲肺道而成嗽。
刘论 皆脾虚而成痰，伤肺风而成嗽。
有论痰嗽潮热四证∶
因痰嗽者，潮热大体虽同，动作有异，或因虚伤冷，则先痰嗽，嗽久而不已，血形如线，
随痰而出，恶寒发热，右寸脉浮而数，外证日轻夜重，面白痰清。
因忧愁大怒则吐血，而后痰嗽，少寒多热，左寸脉沉小而数，外证心下噎
塞，情思不乐，饮食不下。
或蛊注相搏，或死魂相逐，则先呕血，不知来处，微有痰嗽，渐生寒热，两
手脉弦细而数，外证食不为肌，烦乱动变不常，身体酸疼倦，久久嗽搐痰多，或喘、或泻即死。
或先因伤寒伤湿，解利不尽，虽病退人起，饮食减少，不生肌肉，身倦无
力，劳力则热，身体酸疼如劳状，但不吐血、不发潮热，经二三年，医无验，此
是余毒伏在经络，其脉弦也，再发即愈。
治法论 咳嗽痰嗽分而为二。
咳者，谓无痰而有声，乃肺气伤而不清，关于肺也，宜以辛润其肺，青陈皮
以散三焦之气壅。
嗽者，谓有痰而无声，乃脾湿而为痰，而以嗽，皆积于肺也。盖因伤于
肺气，动于脾湿咳而为嗽也，盖脾无留湿，虽伤肺气而不为痰。然寒暑燥湿风
火皆令人嗽，独湿病痰饮入胃留之而不行，上入于肺则为咳嗽也。宜以化痰
为先，下气为上。假令湿在心经谓之热痰，湿在肝经谓之风痰，湿痰湿在肺
经谓之气痰，湿在肾经谓之寒痰。
能食者下之；不能食者浓朴汤主之。
痰而热者，柴胡汤加石膏主之。
痰而寒者，小青龙加杏仁主之。
张之治风痰，以通圣散加半夏。
暑痰以白虎、凉膈。
火痰以黄连解毒。
湿痰以五苓白术。
燥嗽以木香葶苈散。
寒嗽以宁神宁肺散，更分吐、汗、下也。
又大热大饮，凝于胸中而成湿，故作痰矣。宜吐之。
方 南星 半夏 枳壳 陈皮
风痰脉弦加通圣散，
热痰脉洪，加小柴胡、青黛、黄连；
湿痰脉缓，加苍术、防己；
寒痰脉沉，加桂、杏仁、小青龙；
气痰脉涩，加青皮、陈皮；
气上逆，加苦葶苈；
气促加人参、桔梗；
发热加黄芩、桔梗；
热上喘涌，加寒水石、石膏；
痞加枳实，重加茯苓；
浮肿加郁李仁、杏仁、泽泻、茯苓；
大便秘，加大黄；能食，加承气；不能食，加川朴。
利膈丸 治胸中不利，痰嗽喘促。
木香 槟榔（各一钱） 枳壳（麸炒一两） 浓朴（三两） 大黄（酒制一两） 川归
人参（各三钱）
紫苏饮子 治脾肺受寒痰涎嗽。
紫苏子 桑白皮 青皮 陈皮 杏仁 麻黄 半夏 五味 炙甘草 人参
千缗汤 治痰。
半夏（一两） 皂角（去皮弦子半两） 雄黄
上以水三升，姜八片，煎至半，以手揉洗之绢袋取清汁服。
秘方 治风寒，行痰，开腠理。
二陈汤 加麻黄、杏仁、桔梗。
治火嗽 黄芩 黄连 栝蒌 海石
治劳嗽 四物汤加竹沥、姜汁。
治肺胀及火郁
诃子 杏仁 半夏 栝蒌 青黛 香附子
治痰积方
南星 半夏 栝蒌 青黛 石咸
肝痛疏肝气加青皮；
上半日嗽，多属胃火，加贝母、石膏；
下半日嗽，多属阴虚，加知母、黄柏、川芎、川归，虚甚好色者，加人参膏、陈皮、生姜。
酒病嗽
白矾（研一两） 杏仁（一升）
上以水一升，煎干，摊瓦上，露一宿，炒干，夜饭后嚼杏仁十五个。
鹅管石散 治风入肺脘。
南星 雄黄 款冬花 鹅管石
上为末入艾中，放姜置舌上灸，烟入咽内，以多为妙。
青礞石丸 化痰。
沉香丸 治痰。
痰嗽
南星 半夏 茯苓 陈皮 风化硝 贝母 活石 白芥子
热加黄芩、青黛，风加皂角，湿加苍术；加枳实，润加栝蒌仁。
劳嗽
四君子 百合 款花 细辛 桂 五味 阿胶 天门冬 杏仁 半夏 黄 芍药
上水煎服。
脉象出现在鱼际部位，是逆气上冲、喘息的表现。脉浮表示风邪，脉紧表示寒邪，脉数表示热邪，脉细表示湿邪，这些症状都是由外邪侵袭搏结所致。脉浮紧属于虚寒，脉沉数属于实热，脉弦数表示阴血不足，脉洪滑表示痰多，这些都源于体内气机的郁滞。另外，脉弦主饮邪，身体壮实者通过催吐可以痊愈，但脉沉者不可使用发汗法。
风寒致病，主要影响肺脏，因为肺主皮毛且主管体表防御，受邪后腠理闭塞不通，风寒内郁于肺，导致清肃之气运行不利，从而生痰引发咳嗽。此外，寒冷饮食进入胃中，经由脾脉上行至肺，使肺受寒，内外邪气相合，因而引起咳嗽。
火气旺盛灼烧肺金，导致肺气郁遏胀满，严重时出现干咳无痰，或咳血、咯痰。房事过度导致肾虚，阴虚而生内火，耗散肺津，使得津液和气血都转化为痰。痰形成后阻碍气机运行，妨碍气的升降。
有论述认为，咳嗽是由于卫气失调；喘促是由于营血失调。外伤六淫（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火），根据感受邪气的部位进行辨证并解表；内伤七情，皆由胃受影响，进而波及肺脏。
伤风引起的咳嗽：伴有恶寒加重、高热、自汗、怕风、口干、烦躁，宜用麻黄汤。若出现遗尿失禁，用赤石脂治疗。
喜伤心引起的咳嗽：喉咙感觉如有异物阻塞像肿胀一样，严重时咽喉肿痛喉痹，又见自汗、咽干、咯血，这是劳心过度损伤心脏，小肠受邪导致的咳嗽与气机失守，宜用芍药甘草汤。另外，心咳也可用桂枝汤。
怒伤肝引起的咳嗽：两胁下疼痛，不能转身侧卧，或者两侧胁肋部胀满，左侧胁肋偏痛，牵引少腹，这是怒气伤肝所致。宜用小柴胡汤；若是胆受邪，呕吐苦水，宜用黄芩半夏汤加甘草治疗。
思伤脾引起的咳嗽：两胁下疼痛，牵引肩背，又见腹胀、心痛、不想吃东西，这是饥饱失常损伤脾胃所致，宜用升麻汤。若是胃受邪，呕吐蛔虫，用乌梅汤，也有说法用人参治疗。
忧伤肺引起的咳嗽：喘息有声，严重时吐血，或吐白沫，口燥声嘶，这是大声呼叫损伤肺脏；大肠受邪，出现遗尿失禁，治法同气下条所述，也有说法用枳壳治疗。
恐伤肾引起的咳嗽：腰背相互牵引疼痛，严重时咳出涎沫，或寒热交替、喘满牵引腰背，这是房劳过度损伤肾脏所致，宜用麻黄细辛附子汤；若是膀胱受邪，出现遗尿，宜用茯苓甘草汤治疗。
久咳不愈，三焦受邪：腹部胀满不想进食，这都是病邪聚于胃而关乎肺，导致多涕唾、面部浮肿、气机上逆，宜用异功白术散。
张景岳的论述：贫穷之人多因外感致病，经书说：“秋季感受湿邪，冬季必然咳嗽。”又说：“岁运火气太过，肺金受邪，病证为咳嗽。”富贵之人，多吃浓味食物，形成热痰，称为涎嗽。
李东垣的论述：都是脾气虚弱受病，肺金受邪，饮食停滞不行，留积而成痰，冲犯肺道而成咳嗽。
因痰嗽引起的潮热：虽然大体相似，但动作表现不同。或因虚损受冷，先出现痰嗽，久咳不愈，血液形状如线，随痰而出，恶寒发热，右寸脉浮而数，外在表现为白天轻晚上重，面色白、痰清稀。
因忧愁大怒导致吐血，随后出现痰嗽：少寒多热，左寸脉沉小而数，外在表现为心下噎塞感，心情不乐，饮食不下。
或是蛊注邪气相搏，或是死魂相逐，则先呕血，不知出血来源，轻微痰嗽，逐渐产生寒热，两手脉弦细而数，外在表现为饮食不能化为肌肉，心烦意乱行为反常，身体酸痛疲倦，长久以后咳嗽抽搐痰多，或气喘、或腹泻即死亡。
或是先前因伤寒伤湿，解表祛邪不尽，虽然病情减退人起床活动，但饮食减少，不生肌肉，身体疲倦无力，劳累则发热，身体酸痛如同劳损状，但不吐血、不发潮热，经过两三年，医生无法治愈，这是余毒潜伏在经络，其脉弦，再次发作即可痊愈。
咳，是指没有痰而有声音，是肺气受伤而不清利，关乎肺脏，宜用辛味药物滋润肺脏，青皮、陈皮以疏散三焦气机壅滞。
嗽，是指有痰而没有声音，是脾湿生痰，通过咳嗽排出，痰皆积聚于肺。这是因为伤于肺气，触动脾湿，咳而为嗽。如果脾中没有滞留的湿气，即使伤于肺气也不会生痰。然而寒、暑、燥、湿、风、火都能让人咳嗽，唯独湿病痰饮进入胃中停留不行，向上进入肺脏就成为咳嗽。宜以化痰为先，降气为上。假如湿气在心经称为热痰，湿气在肝经称为风痰，湿气在肺经称为气痰，湿气在肾经称为寒痰。
另外，大热大量饮水，凝结于胸中成为湿，所以生成痰。宜用吐法。
风痰脉弦，加防风通圣散；
热痰脉洪，加小柴胡汤、青黛、黄连；
湿痰脉缓，加苍术、防己；
寒痰脉沉，加桂枝、杏仁、小青龙汤；
气痰脉涩，加青皮、陈皮；
气上逆，加苦葶苈；
气短促，加人参、桔梗；
发热，加黄芩、桔梗；
热盛喘急，加寒水石、石膏；
痞满，加枳实，重者加茯苓；
浮肿，加郁李仁、杏仁、泽泻、茯苓；
大便秘结，加大黄；能进食，加承气汤；不能进食，加厚朴。
利膈丸：治疗胸中不利，痰嗽喘促。
组成：木香、槟榔（各一钱）、枳壳（麸炒一两）、厚朴（三两）、大黄（酒制一两）、当归、人参（各三钱）。
紫苏饮子：治疗脾肺受寒痰涎咳嗽。
组成：紫苏子、桑白皮、青皮、陈皮、杏仁、麻黄、半夏、五味子、炙甘草、人参。
千缗汤：治疗痰证。
组成：半夏（一两）、皂角（去皮弦子半两）、雄黄。
用法：以上用水三升，生姜八片，煎至半量，用手揉洗绢袋取清汁服用。
秘方：治疗风寒，行痰，开泄腠理。
组成：二陈汤加麻黄、杏仁、桔梗。
肝痛疏肝气加青皮；
上半日咳嗽，多属胃火，加贝母、石膏；
下半日咳嗽，多属阴虚，加知母、黄柏、川芎、当归，虚甚好色者，加人参膏、陈皮、生姜。
酒病咳嗽：
白矾（研末一两）、杏仁（一升）。
用法：以上用水一升，煎干，摊在瓦上，露置一夜，炒干，夜饭后嚼服杏仁十五个。
鹅管石散：治疗风入肺脘。
组成：南星、雄黄、款冬花、鹅管石。
用法：以上研为末混入艾绒中，放生姜置于舌上灸，烟入咽内，以多为妙。
Pulse appearing at the Yuji (LU10) position indicates counterflow qi and panting. A floating pulse indicates wind, a tight pulse indicates cold, a rapid pulse indicates heat, and a fine pulse indicates dampness; these arise from the struggle with external pathogens. A floating-tight pulse signifies deficiency-cold, a deep-rapid pulse signifies excess-heat, a string-taut (xian) pulse signifies blood deficiency, and a surging-slippery pulse signifies excessive phlegm; all these arise from internal qi stagnation. Furthermore, a string-taut pulse indicates fluid retention; in robust individuals, vomiting can lead to recovery, but those with a deep pulse should not undergo sweating therapy.
Wind-cold pathologies primarily affect the Lung, as the Lung governs the skin and hair and controls the exterior. When injured, the interstices fail to open, allowing wind-cold to stagnate internally within the Lung, obstructing its clear-descending function, thereby generating phlegm and inducing cough. Additionally, when cold food and drink enter the Stomach, they travel up via the Spleen meridian to the Lung, causing Lung cold; the combination of internal and external pathogens leads to cough.
Excessive fire scorching Lung Metal results in stagnation and distension, severely manifesting as dry cough without phlegm, or hemoptysis and expectoration of blood-streaked sputum. Sexual excess damages Kidney Yin; yin deficiency generates internal fire, consuming Lung fluids, causing body fluids, qi, and blood to transform into phlegm. Phlegm causes qi stagnation, obstructing the ascending and descending movements.
Some theories state that cough results from the dysfunction of Defensive Qi (Wei Qi), while panting results from the dysfunction of Nutritive Blood (Ying Blood). External injuries from the Six Evils (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) are treated by observing the affected location and releasing the exterior; internal injuries from the Seven Emotions are primarily received by the Stomach but involve the Lung.
Cough due to Wind Injury: accompanied by worsening aversion to cold, high fever, spontaneous sweating, aversion to wind, dry mouth, and irritability; Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is indicated. If enuresis occurs, Chi Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Rubrum) is used.
Cough due to Cold Damage: fever, absence of sweating, aversion to cold, and no thirst.
Cough due to Summerheat Injury:烦热 (restlessness and heat) with desire for drinking, or vomiting saliva, hoarseness, and hemoptysis.
Cough due to Dampness Injury: painful joints, heavy limbs, and shivering chills.
Cough due to Excess Joy damaging the Heart: sensation of obstruction in the throat as if swollen, severe cases presenting with sore throat and bi-syndrome, along with spontaneous sweating, dry throat, and hemoptysis; this is caused by overwork damaging the Heart, with the Small Intestine receiving the pathogen, leading to cough and loss of qi control; Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) is indicated. Alternatively, Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) may be used for Heart cough.
Cough due to Anger damaging the Liver: pain in both hypochondriac regions, inability to turn or lie on one side, or fullness in both flanks, left-sided flank pain radiating to the lower abdomen; this is anger damaging the Liver. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is indicated; if the Gallbladder receives the pathogen, vomiting bitter fluid occurs, and Huang Qin Ban Xia Tang (Scutellaria and Pinellia Decoction) with added Licorice is used.
Cough due to Overthinking damaging the Spleen: pain in both hypochondriac regions radiating to the shoulder and back, abdominal distension, heart pain, and anorexia; this is injury from irregular eating, and Sheng Ma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction) is indicated. If the Stomach receives the pathogen, vomiting roundworms occurs, and Wu Mei Tang (Mume Decoction) is used; some say Ren Shen (Ginseng) treats it.
Cough due to Grief damaging the Lung: panting with sound, severe cases presenting with hemoptysis or white frothy sputum, dry mouth, and hoarseness; this is injury from loud calling damaging the Lung; the Large Intestine receives the pathogen, presenting with enuresis, treated similarly to the "Qi Descending" section below, or using Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus).
Cough due to Fear damaging the Kidney: pulling pain between waist and back, severe cases presenting with expectoration of saliva, or alternating chills and fever with panting and fullness pulling on the waist and back; this is sexual exhaustion damaging the Kidney, and Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Ephedra, Asarum, and Prepared Aconite Decoction) is indicated; if the Bladder receives the pathogen, urinary incontinence occurs, and Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction) is used.
Chronic cough unrelieved involves the San Jiao (Triple Burner): abdominal fullness and anorexia; these conditions gather in the Stomach and relate to the Lung, causing excessive mucus and saliva, facial edema, and rebellious qi; Yi Gong Bai Zhu San (Yi Gong Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) is indicated.
Zhang's Theory: Poor people often suffer from external contractions; the Classics state, "Injury by dampness in autumn leads to cough in winter." Also, "Excessive fire in the year injures Lung Metal, resulting in cough pathology." Wealthy people often consume rich flavors, creating heat-phlegm, known as salivary cough.
Li's Theory: All stem from weak Spleen receiving disease, injuring Lung Metal; food stagnates and fails to move, accumulating into phlegm, rushing into the Lung pathway to cause cough.
Liu's Theory: All stem from Spleen deficiency creating phlegm, injuring Lung wind to cause cough.
Regarding four syndromes of phlegm-cough and tidal fever:
Tidal fever due to phlegm-cough: Although generally similar, manifestations differ. Due to deficiency and cold injury, phlegm-cough appears first; chronic cough unrelieved produces blood threads following the sputum, with aversion to cold and fever, right Cun pulse floating and rapid, external signs lighter by day and heavier by night, pale face, and clear phlegm.
Hemoptysis due to sorrow and great anger, followed by phlegm-cough: less cold, more heat, left Cun pulse deep, small, and rapid, external signs of epigastric oppression, dissatisfaction, and inability to eat.
Or conflict between Gu (parasitic) pathogens and death souls: initial hematemesis of unknown origin, slight phlegm-cough, gradual onset of chills and fever, bilateral pulses string-taut, fine, and rapid, external signs of food failing to nourish muscles, restlessness and erratic behavior, body ache and fatigue; long-term cough with spasms and much phlegm, or panting or diarrhea leading to death.
Or previous injury by wind-cold or dampness, incomplete resolution: although illness recedes and person rises, diet decreases, muscles do not grow, body is tired and weak, exertion causes heat, body ache like劳损 (strain), but no hemoptysis or tidal fever; after two or three years, doctors fail to cure; this is residual toxins lurking in meridians, pulse is string-taut, recurrence leads to recovery.
Treatment Theory: Cough and phlegm-cough are divided into two categories.
Cough refers to sound without phlegm, indicating Lung qi injury and lack of clarity, relating to the Lung; pungent moistening herbs are suitable, Qing Pi (Aurantii Fructus Viridis) and Chen Pi (Aurantii Fructus) to disperse San Jiao qi congestion.
Sputtering (Sou) refers to phlegm without sound, indicating Spleen dampness transforming into phlegm, expelled by coughing, accumulating in the Lung. This is because Lung qi injury moves Spleen dampness to cause cough; if the Spleen has no retained dampness, even with Lung qi injury, phlegm does not form. However, cold, summerheat, dryness, dampness, wind, and fire all cause cough; only dampness and phlegm-fluid entering the Stomach remain stagnant, rising to the Lung to become cough. Treatment prioritizes resolving phlegm and descending qi. If dampness is in the Heart Meridian, it is called Heat-Phlegm; in the Liver Meridian, Wind-Phlegm; in the Lung Meridian, Qi-Phlegm; in the Kidney Meridian, Cold-Phlegm.
If able to eat, use purgation; if unable to eat, Hou Po Tang (Magnolia Bark Decoction) is primary.
Phlegm with heat: Chai Hu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction) plus Shi Gao (Gypsum) is primary.
Phlegm with cold: Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) plus Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) is primary.
Zhang's treatment for Wind-Phlegm: Feng Zheng Tong Sheng San (Wind-Clearing Unblocking Powder) plus Ban Xia (Pinellia).
Summerheat-phlegm: Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), Liang Ge San (Cooling Chest Powder).
Fire-phlegm: Huang Lian Jie Du Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction).
Damp-phlegm: Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Powder) combined with Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala).
Dry-cough: Mu Xiang Ting Li San (Costus and Lepidium Powder).
Cold-cough: Ning Shen Ning Fei San (Calming Spirit Calming Lung Powder), further divided into vomiting, sweating, and purging methods.
Additionally, excessive heat and large amounts of drinking condense in the chest to become damp, thus forming phlegm; vomiting is indicated.
Formula: Nan Xing (Arisaema Cum Bile), Ban Xia (Pinellia), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus), Chen Pi (Aurantii Fructus).
Wind-phlegm with string-taut pulse: add Feng Zheng Tong Sheng San.
Heat-phlegm with surging pulse: add Xiao Chai Hu Tang, Qing Dai (Azurite), Huang Lian (Coptis).
Damp-phlegm with slow pulse: add Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Lancea), Fang Ji (Stephania Tetrandra).
Cold-phlegm with deep pulse: add Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig), Xing Ren, Xiao Qing Long Tang.
Qi-phlegm with choppy pulse: add Qing Pi, Chen Pi.
Rebellious qi: add Ku Ting Li (Lepidium Fruit).
Shortness of breath: add Ren Shen (Ginseng), Jie Geng (Platycodon).
Fever: add Huang Qin (Scutellaria), Jie Geng.
Severe heat with panting: add Han Shui Shi (Halloysitum Album), Shi Gao.
Fullness: add Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus); severe cases add Fu Ling (Poria).
Edema: add Yu Li Ren (Prunus Semen), Xing Ren, Ze Xie (Alisma), Fu Ling.
Constipation: add Da Huang (Rhubarb); if able to eat, add Cheng Qi Tang; if unable to eat, add Hou Po (Magnolia Bark).
Li Ge Wan (Diaphragm-Opening Pill): Treats chest discomfort, phlegm-cough, and panting.
Ingredients: Mu Xiang (Costus), Bing Lang (Areca Seed) (each 1 qian), Zhi Ke (bran-fried 1 liang), Hou Po (3 liang), Da Huang (wine-processed 1 liang), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Ren Shen (each 3 qian).
Zi Su Yin Zi (Perilla Infusion): Treats Spleen and Lung cold injury with phlegm-saliva cough.
Ingredients: Zi Su Zi (Perilla Fruit), Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Qing Pi, Chen Pi, Xing Ren, Ma Huang (Ephedra), Ban Xia, Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Licorice), Ren Shen.
Qian Min Tang (Thousand Threads Decoction): Treats phlegm.
Ingredients: Ban Xia (1 liang), Zao Jiao (Tamarix Branch/Soap Pod) (skin and strings removed, half liang), Xiong Huang (Realgar).
Preparation: Boil above ingredients in 3 sheng of water with 8 slices of ginger until reduced to half; rub in a silk bag to extract clear juice for administration.
Secret Recipe: Treats wind-cold, moves phlegm, opens interstices.
Ingredients: Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) plus Ma Huang, Xing Ren, Jie Geng.
Treating Fire-Cough: Huang Qin, Huang Lian, Gua Lou (Trichosanthes), Hai Shi (Sea Stone/Floating Stone).
Treating Labor-Cough (Consumption Cough): Si Wu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) plus Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap), Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice).
Treating Lung Distension and Fire Stagnation: He Zi (Terminalia Chebula), Xing Ren, Ban Xia, Gua Lou, Qing Dai, Xiang Fu (Cyperus).
Treating Phlegm Accumulation Formula: Nan Xing, Ban Xia, Gua Lou, Qing Dai, Yan Yan (Rock Salt/Mineral Salt).
Liver pain with qi stagnation: add Qing Pi.
Cough in the first half of the day: mostly Stomach fire, add Bei Mu (Fritillaria), Shi Gao.
Cough in the second half of the day: mostly yin deficiency, add Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena), Huang Bo (Phellodendron), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum), Chuan Gui (Angelica Sinensis); if very deficient and prone to sexual indulgence, add Ren Shen Gao (Ginseng Paste), Chen Pi, Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger).
Wine-induced Cough: Bai Fan (Alum) (ground 1 liang), Xing Ren (1 sheng).
Preparation: Boil in 1 sheng of water until dry, spread on tile, expose overnight, stir-fry dry; chew 15 Apricot Seeds after dinner.
E Guan Shi San (Goose Tube Stone Powder): Treats wind entering Lung cavity.
Ingredients: Nan Xing, Xiong Huang, Kuan Dong Hua (Coltsfoot Flower), E Guan Shi (Goose Tube Stone).
Preparation: Grind to powder, mix with Mugwort, place Ginger on tongue, moxa until smoke enters throat; more is better.
Qing Meng Shi Wan (Blue Malachite Pill): Resolves phlegm.
Chen Xiang Wan (Agarwood Pill): Treats phlegm.
Phlegm-Cough Formula: Nan Xing, Ban Xia, Fu Ling, Chen Pi, Feng Hua Xiao (Weathered Nitre), Bei Mu, Huo Shi (Living Stone), Bai Jie Zi (White Mustard Seed).
Heat adds Huang Qin, Qing Dai; Wind adds Zao Jiao; Dampness adds Cang Zhu; Fullness adds Zhi Shi; Dryness adds Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthes Seed).
Labor-Cough Formula: Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), Bai He (Lily Bulb), Kuan Hua (Coltsfoot), Xi Xin (Asarum), Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig), Wu Wei Zi, E Jiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root), Xing Ren, Ban Xia, Huang Qi (Astragalus), Shao Yao (Peony).
Preparation: Decoct in water and take.