麻黄汤发腊月寒伤营，桂枝汤散冬天风伤卫。九味羌活汤发三时之表，（三时伤寒，春
夏秋也。）六神通解散理晚发之邪。（三月天行，谓之晚发。）香苏散、十神汤，参苏饮发表
调中，（平和之药，外感内伤兼治。）葛根汤、解肌汤、小柴胡和解半表。大柴胡、三承气攻
热邪传里，理中汤、四逆汤散寒中阴经。（以上治外感。）补中益气汤治饱饥劳役，升阳顺气
汤疗怒恐忧思。调中益气汤调胃脾失协，参术调中汤治脾肺俱伤。升阳散火汤升散热邪。（凡
言热者，指外热也。）升阳益胃汤分消湿气。（以上治内伤。）和解散、金沸草散治时行寒疫，
神术散、定风饼子疗暴中风邪。人参败毒散、升麻葛根汤解温疫而身热，阳毒升麻汤、雄黄
解毒丸散天行而咽疼。宣明双解散主温热始终之要药，藿香正气散治暑湿内外之良方。香薷
饮、清暑益气汤、人参白虎汤、益原散、缩脾饮能祛实虚暑气，平胃散、羌活胜湿汤、升阳
除湿汤、五苓散、术附汤善解外内湿邪。生料五积散解湿温寒，（治表里之寒湿。）防风通圣
散清热润燥。（治表里之热燥。）搜风顺气丸、神芎丸润大肠燥症，黄连解毒汤、三黄丸泻三
焦火邪。（凡言火者，指内火也。）当归六黄汤泻火滋阴，防风当归饮补虚退热。舟车丸、三
花神 丸能除湿热，（湿则生热。）秦艽汤、羌活愈风汤善解燥风。（燥则生风。）胃苓汤主伤
暑泄泻腹疼，柴苓汤治伤寒泄泻身热。桂苓白术散疗霍乱而口发渴，加减理中汤治吐泻而咽
不干。苍术汤、胃风汤治湿伤气分，白痢便脓；地黄汤、芍药汤主热伤血分，赤痢下血。万
安散、七宝饮治疟无汗而寒多热少，清脾饮、六和汤疗疟有汗而寒少热多。华盖散、五拗汤
主喘嗽因寒外袭，洗肺散、贝母散治咳嗽由火内生。（以上发表和中，以治风寒暑湿燥火。）
白虎汤泻胃火有余，八珍汤补脾阴不足。白术和胃丸能养脾胃，宽中进食丸喜滋形气。治中
汤、枳术丸、和中丸、大安丸、保和丸健脾消食，香谷丸、香棱丸、积气丹、妙攻丸、消块
丸破积除症。木香枳壳丸疗食停久发黄，神妙列仙散治酒积陈成疸。木香积术丸、化滞汤调
气进食，七转灵应丹、万应丸取积追虫。丁香脾积丸、妙应丸治心腹诸疼，大黄备急丸、三
阳散主猝暴百病。三棱消积丸治新伤生冷硬物，（内用巴豆。）木香槟榔丸疗久患气食痞膨。
（内用大黄。）巴豆斩关，去时新之冷积可仗；大黄破结，推陈久之热症宜遵。气病宜调气，
用木香、槟榔、香附、枳壳；血病宜和血，以川芎、当归、桃仁、红花。越鞠丸、木香流气
饮开郁气之无形，蟠葱散、撞气阿魏丸破积血之有质。神砂一粒丹疗气郁而为心疼，神圣代
针散治血积而作疝气。独活寄生汤开气血结滞在腰，当归拈痛汤散湿热沉凝于足。控涎丹、
小胃丹治湿热流注四腹作疼，金枣丹、虎骨散疗气血怫郁遍体为病。（以上调胃消食并治气
血湿热郁积。）二陈汤以豁痰，三补丸而泻火。六君汤豁痰补气调胃，六物汤降火补血滋阴。
（四物东加黄柏、知母是也。）当归龙荟丸善降阴火兼治胁痛，人参养胃汤能开结痰并疗久
疟。太平丸、消化丸治痰嗽有功，左金丸、香连丸除热痢必效。洗心散、泻肝散泻心肝之火，
滚痰丸、化痰丸蠲热燥之痰。四七汤、黑锡丹开痰结心胸，清空膏、凉膈散除火升头膈。石
膏羌活散祛风明目，川芎石膏汤泻火定眩。川芎茶调散治风热上攻头目，葛花解醒汤疗湿痰
中满胃肠。龙脑鸡苏丸除心肺虚烦，人参泻肺汤散胸膈实火。犀角地黄汤、桃仁承气汤、茯
苓补心汤、阿魏丸，小建中汤治火载血而上出，当归承气汤、瑞竹蒲黄散、当归和血散、聚
金丸、伏龙肝散疗阳迫阴而下行。红花当归散、千金桃仁煎、六合汤理经脉不通，凉血地黄
汤、解毒四物汤、胶艾汤治崩漏不止。金匮当归散清热安胎而易产，丹溪天麻丸活血保产而
无惊。女金丹、乌鸡丸调气血，令老妇妊娠；天一丸、连翘饮泻火湿，主小儿百病。醒脾散、
玉饼子、肥儿丸、香棱丸治婴孩脾气不足而致疾，泻青丸、夺命散、抱龙丸、槟榔丸疗童樨
肝邪有余而生灾。金箔镇心丸、金箔镇心丹安神定惊，五福化毒丹、犀角消毒饮清热解毒。
异功散补痘疮之虚寒，通圣散泻斑疹之实热。内疏黄连汤、千金漏芦汤主阳痛肿掀向外，内
托复煎散、渊然夺命丹治阴疽毒蕴于中。立马回疔丹、万灵夺命丹疗疔疮而有殊功，神效太
乙膏、散肿溃坚汤治瘰 而收实效。紫金丹治药食众毒兼痈疽疔肿，（主解利。）如圣散疗风
湿诸邪及瘫痪痛风。（主发散。）香谷丸、芎归丸疗痔而清热凉血，槐角丸、乌王丸治漏而散
湿补虚。清心莲子饮、八正散治小便淋浊有虚实之分，导滞通幽汤、三和散疗大肠燥结有血
气之异。海藏五饮汤散五等之饮，开结枳实丸消诸般之痰。导痰汤、三生丸豁痰疏风，千缗
汤、四磨汤下气定喘。苏子降气汤消痰利气，三因七气汤解郁开心。瓜蒂散、稀涎散、四灵
散吐涎而祛风，苏青丹、星香汤、涤痰汤豁痰而顺气。苏合香丸、乌药顺气散、匀气散善开
结气，小省风汤、青州白丸子、搜风丸能散风痰。牛黄清心丸治诸痰热而类风，诸小续命汤
疗真中风而在脉。三化汤主风入腑，推陈润燥；至宝丹治邪入脏，散热消风。龙星丹疏风清
热豁痰，愈风丹润燥祛风泻火。换骨丹、续命丹治风痰充塞经络而为瘫痪，清燥汤、健步丸
疗湿热熏蒸筋骨而成痿疲。南星治风痰，苍术治湿痰，天花粉治热痰，海石治燥痰，半夏治
寒痰。柴胡泻肝火，黄连泻心火，白芍药泻脾火，黄芩泻肺火，黄柏泻肾火。天门、麦门、
知母石膏、竹茹、童便、玄明粉、上清丸能散虚火，荆沥、竹沥、贝母、瓜蒌、韭汁、姜汁、
霞天膏、二沥汤善开虚痰。气虚加以四君，血虚加以四物。（以上治痰火气风。）四君补气并
益脾，四物补血兼滋肾。八物汤、十全大补汤补气血两虚，固本丸、秘传补元丸补心肾不足。
钱氏白术散、参苓白术散、竹叶石膏汤补脾胃诸虚，丹溪补阴丸、金匮肾气丸、三一肾气丸
滋真阴久损。崔氏八味丸补阴兴阳，天王补心丹宁神定志。朱砂安神丸凉血清心，八味定志
丸补虚开窍。茯菟丸、萆 厘清饮除浊止淋，固精丸、固真太宝丸秘精收脱。保和汤、知母
茯苓汤、黄 鳖甲汤止嗽宁肺，保真汤、十味人参散，人参养荣汤除热补虚。一秤金、七仙
丹乌发驻颜，琼玉膏、固本酒延年益寿。（以上补气血脏腑。）以方加减存乎，人要审病而合
宜用药，补泻行于味，须随时而换气。奇偶复七方须知，（七方者，奇偶复大小缓急也。）初
中末三治要察。（初则发攻，中则调和，末则收补。）寒因热用，热因寒用，通因通用，塞因
塞用，（通因通用者，通其积滞而下焦自然闭密也。）高者抑之，下者举之，外者发之，内者
夺之。（塞因塞用者，塞其下流而上焦自然开豁也。）寒则兼凝，热则开行，风能胜湿，湿能
润燥。辛能散结，甘能缓中，淡能利窍，苦以泄逆，酸以收耗，咸以软坚。升降浮沉则顺之，
（谓顺其升降浮沉之性也。）寒热温凉宜逆也。（谓以寒治热，以热治寒也。）病有浅深，治
有难易。初感风寒，乍伤饮食，一药可愈；旧存 癖，久患虚劳，万方难瘳。履霜之疾亟疗，
无妄之药勿试。病若伏虚，宜半攻而半补；医称多术，或用灸而用针。针有劫病之功，灸获
回生之验。针能去气病而作痛，灸则消血症以成形。脏寒虚夺者，治以灸 ；脉因挛痹者，
疗以针剌。血实畜结肿热者，宜从砭石；气滞痿厥寒热者，当仿导引。经络不通，病生于不
仁者，须觅醪醴；血气凝泣，病生于筋脉者，可行熨药。病剽悍者，按而收之；（谓按摩也。）
干霍乱者，刮而行之。（谓刮痧也。）医业十三科，宜精一派；病情千万变，仔细推评。姑撮
碎言，以陈管见，后之学人，庶达迷津。
麻黄汤用于发散腊月严寒伤及营分，桂枝汤用于疏散冬季风邪伤及卫分。九味羌活汤发汗解表以治春、夏、秋三时的外感病（所谓三时伤寒，指春夏秋三季），六神通解散调理迟发的时行邪气（三月间的时行疾病，称为晚发）。香苏散、十神汤、参苏饮能发表并调和脾胃（药性平和，可兼治外感与内伤）。葛根汤、解肌汤、小柴胡汤和解半表半里之邪。大柴胡汤、三承气汤攻下热邪传入体内，理中汤、四逆汤驱散寒邪侵入阴经。（以上治疗外感病。）补中益气汤治疗因饱饥劳役导致的内伤，升阳顺气汤治疗因怒、恐、忧、思导致的气机不畅。调中益气汤调理胃脾功能失调，参术调中汤治疗脾肺俱损。升阳散火汤提升并散发郁热。（凡言“热”，指外感发热。）升阳益胃汤分消湿气。（以上治疗内伤病。）和解散、金沸草散治疗时行寒疫，神术散、定风饼子治疗突发中风邪气。人参败毒散、升麻葛根汤解除温疫引起的身热，阳毒升麻汤、雄黄解毒丸驱散时行疫病引起的咽痛。宣明双解散是治疗温热病始终阶段的重要药物，藿香正气散是治疗暑湿内外交困的良方。香薷饮、清暑益气汤、人参白虎汤、益原散、缩脾饮能祛除实证或虚证的暑气，平胃散、羌活胜湿汤、升阳除湿汤、五苓散、术附汤善于解除内外湿邪。生料五积散解除湿温寒邪（治疗表里寒湿），防风通圣散清热润燥（治疗表里热燥）。搜风顺气丸、神芎丸润肠通便以治大肠燥结，黄连解毒汤、三黄丸泻三焦火邪。（凡言“火”，指内火。）当归六黄汤泻火滋阴，防风当归饮补虚退热。舟车丸、三花神丸能除湿热（湿邪久蕴则生热），秦艽汤、羌活愈风汤善于解除燥邪化风（燥邪盛则生风）。胃苓汤主治伤暑引起的泄泻腹痛，柴苓汤治疗伤寒引起的泄泻伴身热。桂苓白术散治疗霍乱且口发渴，加减理中汤治疗吐泻且咽不干。苍术汤、胃风汤治疗湿邪伤及气分导致的白痢便脓；地黄汤、芍药汤主治热邪伤及血分导致的赤痢下血。万安散、七宝饮治疗疟疾无汗且寒多热少，清脾饮、六和汤治疗疟疾有汗且寒少热多。华盖散、五拗汤主治因寒邪外袭引起的喘嗽，洗肺散、贝母散治疗因内火引起的咳嗽。（以上为发表和中，以治疗风寒暑湿燥火六种外邪。）白虎汤泻胃火有余，八珍汤补脾阴不足。白术和胃丸能滋养脾胃，宽中进食丸喜欢滋润形体元气。治中汤、枳术丸、和中丸、大安丸、保和丸健脾消食，香谷丸、香棱丸、积气丹、妙攻丸、消块丸破除积滞消除症瘕。木香枳壳丸治疗食物停滞日久发黄，神妙列仙散治疗酒积陈久形成的黄疸。木香积术丸、化滞汤调理气机促进进食，七转灵应丹、万应丸消除积滞驱逐虫体。丁香脾积丸、妙应丸治疗心腹各种疼痛，大黄备急丸、三阳散主治突然爆发的百病。三棱消积丸治疗新近食用生冷硬物造成的损伤（内含巴豆），木香槟榔丸治疗久患的气食痞满膨胀（内含大黄）。巴豆斩关，去除新近的冷积可依靠它；大黄破结，推陈出新治疗久患的热症宜遵循此法。气病适宜调气，使用木香、槟榔、香附、枳壳；血病适宜和血，使用川芎、当归、桃仁、红花。越鞠丸、木香流气饮开通无形郁气，蟠葱散、撞气阿魏丸破除有形积血。神砂一粒丹治疗气郁引起的心疼，神圣代针散治疗血积引起的疝气。独活寄生汤疏通气血结滞在腰部，当归拈痛汤消散湿热沉凝于足部。控涎丹、小胃丹治疗湿热流注腹部作痛，金枣丹、虎骨散治疗气血怫郁导致遍体生病。（以上调理脾胃、消食并治疗气血湿热郁积。）二陈汤豁痰，三补丸泻火。六君汤豁痰补气调理脾胃，六物汤降火补血滋阴。（即四物汤加黄柏、知母而成。）当归龙荟丸善于降阴火兼治胁痛，人参养胃汤能开结痰并治疗久疟。太平丸、消化丸治疗痰嗽有功，左金丸、香连丸除热痢必效。洗心散、泻肝散泻心肝之火，滚痰丸、化痰丸清除热燥之痰。四七汤、黑锡丹开通心胸痰结，清空膏、凉膈散清除火气上冲头膈。石膏羌活散祛风明目，川芎石膏汤泻火定眩。川芎茶调散治疗风热上攻头目，葛花解醒汤治疗湿痰导致的中满胃肠。龙脑鸡苏丸清除心肺虚烦，人参泻肺汤消散胸膈实火。犀角地黄汤、桃仁承气汤、茯苓补心汤、阿魏丸、小建中汤治疗火载血上行溢出，当归承气汤、瑞竹蒲黄散、当归和血散、聚金丸、伏龙肝散治疗阳迫阴下行。红花当归散、千金桃仁煎、六合汤调理经脉不通，凉血地黄汤、解毒四物汤、胶艾汤治疗崩漏不止。金匮当归散清热安胎而易产，丹溪天麻丸活血保产而无惊悸。女金丹、乌鸡丸调理气血，使老年妇女也能妊娠；天一丸、连翘饮泻火湿，主治小儿百病。醒脾散、玉饼子、肥儿丸、香棱丸治疗婴儿脾气不足导致的疾病，泻青丸、夺命散、抱龙丸、槟榔丸治疗儿童肝邪有余引发的灾病。金箔镇心丸、金箔镇心丹安神定惊，五福化毒丹、犀角消毒饮清热解毒。异功散补痘疮的虚寒，通圣散泻斑疹的实热。内疏黄连汤、千金漏芦汤主治阳证痈肿掀向外发，内托复煎散、渊然夺命丹治疗阴疽毒蕴于中。立马回疔丹、万灵夺命丹治疗疔疮有特殊功效，神效太乙膏、散肿溃坚汤治疗瘰疬并取得实效。紫金丹治疗药物食物各种中毒兼痈疽疔肿（主要解毒），如圣散治疗风湿诸邪及瘫痪痛风（主要发散）。香谷丸、芎归丸治疗痔疮并清热凉血，槐角丸、乌王丸治疗漏症并散湿补虚。清心莲子饮、八正散治疗小便淋浊，需分虚实；导滞通幽汤、三和散治疗大肠燥结，需辨血气差异。海藏五饮汤消散五种饮邪，开结枳实丸消除各种痰证。导痰汤、三生丸豁痰疏风，千缗汤、四磨汤降气定喘。苏子降气汤消痰利气，三因七气汤解郁开心。瓜蒂散、稀涎散、四灵散催吐涎沫并祛风，苏青丹、星香汤、涤痰汤豁痰顺气。苏合香丸、乌药顺气散、匀气散善于开通结气，小省风汤、青州白丸子、搜风丸能散风痰。牛黄清心丸治疗各种痰热类似中风，诸小续命汤治疗真中风且脉象异常。三化汤主治风入腑，推陈润燥；至宝丹治疗邪入脏，散热消风。龙星丹疏风清热豁痰，愈风丹润燥祛风泻火。换骨丹、续命丹治疗风痰充塞经络导致瘫痪，清燥汤、健步丸治疗湿热熏蒸筋骨导致痿痹。南星治疗风痰，苍术治疗湿痰，天花粉治疗热痰，海石治疗燥痰，半夏治疗寒痰。柴胡泻肝火，黄连泻心火，白芍药泻脾火，黄芩泻肺火，黄柏泻肾火。天门冬、麦门冬、知母、石膏、竹茹、童便、玄明粉、上清丸能散虚火，荆沥、竹沥、贝母、瓜蒌、韭汁、姜汁、霞天膏、二沥汤善于开通虚痰。气虚加上四君子汤，血虚加上四物汤。（以上治疗痰火气风。）四君子汤补气并益脾，四物汤补血兼滋肾。八物汤、十全大补汤补气血两虚，固本丸、秘传补元丸补心肾不足。钱氏白术散、参苓白术散、竹叶石膏汤补脾胃各种虚损，丹溪补阴丸、金匮肾气丸、三一肾气丸滋养真阴久损。崔氏八味丸补阴兴阳，天王补心丹宁神定志。朱砂安神丸凉血清心，八味定志丸补虚开窍。茯菟丸、萆薢分清饮除浊止淋，固精丸、固真太宝丸秘精收脱。保和汤、知母茯苓汤、黄 鳖甲汤止嗽宁肺，保真汤、十味人参散、人参养荣汤除热补虚。一秤金、七仙丹乌发驻颜，琼玉膏、固本酒延年益寿。（以上补气血脏腑。）处方加减在于人，要审察病情而适宜用药，补泻运用在于药味，须随季节变化而更换药物。奇偶复大小缓急七方须知（七方指：奇、偶、复、大、小、缓、急），初、中、末三阶段治疗要考察。（初期发汗攻邪，中期调和，末期收补。）寒因热用，热因寒用，通因通用，塞因塞用（通因通用者，通过通利积滞使下焦自然闭密也），高者抑之，下者举之，外者发之，内者夺之（塞因塞用者，堵塞下流使上焦自然开豁也）。寒则兼用凝涩，热则兼用行散，风能胜湿，湿能润燥。辛能散结，甘能缓中，淡能利窍，苦以泄逆，酸以收耗，咸以软坚。升降浮沉则顺其药性（谓顺应其升降浮沉之性），寒热温凉宜逆其病性（谓以寒治热，以热治寒也）。病有浅深，治有难易。初感风寒，乍伤饮食，一药可愈；旧存癖积，久患虚劳，万方难瘳。履霜之疾（比喻微小隐患）亟疗，无妄之药勿试。病若伏虚，宜半攻而半补；医称多术，或用灸而用针。针有劫病之功，灸获回生之验。针能去气病而作痛，灸则消血症以成形。脏寒虚夺者，治以灸；脉因挛痹者，疗以针刺。血实畜结肿热者，宜从砭石；气滞痿厥寒热者，当仿导引。经络不通，病生于不仁者，须觅醪醴（药酒）；血气凝泣，病生于筋脉者，可行熨药。病剽悍者，按而收之（谓按摩）；干霍乱者，刮而行之（谓刮痧）。医业十三科，宜精一派；病情千万变，仔细推评。姑撮碎言，以陈管见，后之学人，庶达迷津。
Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is used to disperse the severe cold of the twelfth lunar month that injures the Ying (Nutrient) level; Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is used to dissipate the wind pathogen of winter that injures the Wei (Defensive) level. Jiuwei Qianghuo Tang (Nine-Ingredient Notopterygium Decoction) releases the exterior for pathogens contracted in spring, summer, and autumn (referred to as San Shi Shang Han, meaning external contraction in these three seasons); Liutong Shenxiao San (Six-Efficacy Divine Release Powder) regulates late-onset epidemic pathogens (epidemic diseases occurring in the third month are called Wan Fa). Xiangsu San (Costus and Perilla Powder), Shishen Tang (Ten-God Decoction), and Renshen Suye Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink) release the exterior and harmonize the middle (mild formulas treating both external contraction and internal injury). Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction), Jiemi Tang (Muscle-Releasing Decoction), and Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) harmonize the half-exterior and half-interior. Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) and the Three Chengqi Formulas (Three Bowel-Purging Formulas) purge heat pathogens transmitted inward; Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) and Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) dispel cold invading the Yin meridians (above treat external contractions). Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Decoction to Supplement the Middle and Augment Qi) treats internal injury caused by overeating, hunger, or labor; Shengyang Shunqi Tang (Ascending Yang and Smooth Qi Decoction) treats qi stagnation due to anger, fear, worry, or rumination. Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang (Regulate the Middle and Augment Qi Decoction) harmonizes stomach-spleen disharmony; Shenji Tiaozhong Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Regulating the Middle Decoction) treats simultaneous injury to the spleen and lungs. Shengyang Sanhuo Tang (Ascending Yang and Dispersing Fire Decoction) ascends and disperses constrained heat (where "heat" refers to external fever). Shengyang Yiwang Tang (Ascending Yang and Benefiting Stomach Decoction) resolves dampness (above treat internal injuries). Hejie San (Harmonizing Powder) and Jinfeicao San (Golden Fern Leaf Powder) treat seasonal cold epidemics; Shenzhu San (Divine Atractylodes Powder) and Dingfeng Bingzi (Wind-Stabilizing Cakes) treat sudden wind-stroke pathogens. Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Toxin-Resisting Powder) and Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifuga and Kudzu Decoction) resolve warm epidemics with fever; Yangdu Shengma Tang (Yang-Toxin Cimicifuga Decoction) and Xionghuang Jiedu Wan (Realgar Detoxification Pill) dissipate epidemic pathogens causing sore throat. Xuanming Shuangjie San (Xuanming Dual-Harmonizing Powder) is a key medicine for all stages of warm-heat disease; Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Patchouli Correcting Qi Powder) is an excellent prescription for interior-exterior summer-dampness. Xiangru Yin (Mosla Drink), Qingshu Yiqi Tang (Clearing Summerheat and Augmenting Qi Decoction), Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction), Yiyuan San (Benefiting Origin Powder), and Suopi Yin (Spleet-Restraining Drink) can expel excess or deficiency summerheat; Pingwei San (Level the Stomach Powder), Qianghuo Shengshi Tang (Notopterygium Overcoming Dampness Decoction), Shengyang Chushi Tang (Ascending Yang and Draining Dampness Decoction), Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder), and Zhufu Tang (Aconite and Atractylodes Decoction) effectively resolve interior-exterior dampness. Shengliao Wuji San (Raw-Material Five-Accumulations Powder) resolves damp-warmth-cold (treating exterior-interior cold-dampness); Fangtong Tongsheng San (防风 Master Wind and Supreme Harmony Powder) clears heat and moistens dryness (treating exterior-interior heat-dryness). Soushun Fengqi Wan (Search Wind and Smooth Qi Pill) and Shenxiong Wan (Divine Ligusticum Pill) moisten large intestine dryness; Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) and Sanhuang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill) purge Sanjiao fire (where "fire" refers to internal fire). Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Angelica Six-Yellow Decoction) purges fire and nourishes yin; Fangguang Danggui Yin (Saussurea and Angelica Drink) tonifies deficiency and reduces fever. Zhouche Wan (Boat Cart Pill) and Sanhua Shenwan (Three-Flower Divine Pill) remove damp-heat (dampness generates heat); Qinjiao Tang (Gentian Decoction) and Qianghuo Yufeng Tang (Notopterygium Preventing Wind Decoction) resolve dryness-induced wind (dryness generates wind). Weiling Tang (Stomach-Ling Decoction) mainly treats summerheat-induced diarrhea and abdominal pain; Chai Ling Tang (Bupleurum-Ling Decoction) treats cold-induced diarrhea with fever. Guiling Baizhu San (Cassia Seed, Poria, and Atractylodes Powder) treats cholera with thirst; Jiajian Lizhong Tang (Modified Regulate-the-Middle Decoction) treats vomiting and diarrhea without dry throat. Cangzhu Tang (Atractylodes Rhizome Decoction) and Weifeng Tang (Stomach-Wind Decoction) treat dampness injuring the Qi level leading to white dysentery with pus; Dihuang Tang (Rehmannia Decoction) and Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction) mainly treat heat injuring the Blood level leading to red dysentery with blood. Wan'an San (Ten-Thousand Peace Powder) and Qibao Yin (Seven-Treasure Drink) treat malaria without sweat and more chills than fever; Qingpi Yin (Clear Spleen Drink) and Liuhe Tang (Six-Harmonies Decoction) treat malaria with sweat and less chills than fever. Huagai San (Canopy Powder) and Wu'ao Tang (Five-Unyielding Decoction) mainly treat wheezing and cough due to external cold invasion; Xifei San (Wash Lung Powder) and Beimu San (Fritillaria Powder) treat cough due to internal fire (above release the exterior and harmonize the middle to treat wind, cold, summerheat, dampness, dryness, and fire). Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) purges excess stomach fire; Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) tonifies insufficient spleen yin. Baizhu Hewei Wan (Atractylodes Harmonizing Stomach Pill) nourishes the spleen and stomach; Kuanzhong Jishi Wan (Broadening Middle and Promoting Appetite Pill) benefits form and qi. Zhizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction), Zhizhu Wan (Immature Bitter Orange Pill), Hezhong Wan (Harmonize the Middle Pill), Da'an Wan (Great Peace Pill), and Baohe Wan (Preserve Harmony Pill) strengthen the spleen and digest food; Xianggu Wan (Fragrant Grain Pill), Xiangling Wan (Costus and Magnolia Bud Pill), Jiqi Dan (Accumulated Qi Elixir), Miaogong Wan (Wonderful Attack Pill), and Xiaokuai Wan (Eliminate Mass Pill) break accumulations and eliminate masses. Muxiang Zhike Wan (Costus and Immature Bitter Orange Pill) treats long-standing food stagnation causing yellowing; Shenmiao Liesan San (Divine and Marvelous Separating Immortals Powder) treats chronic alcohol accumulation forming jaundice. Muxiang Zhizhu Wan (Costus and Immature Bitter Orange Pill) and Huazhi Tang (Resolve Stagnation Decoction) regulate qi and promote appetite; Qizhuan Lingying Dan (Seven-Turn Spiritual Response Elixir) and Wanying Wan (Universal Response Pill) eliminate accumulations and expel parasites. Dingxiang Pi Ji Wan (Clove Spleen Accumulation Pill) and Miaoying Wan (Wonderful Response Pill) treat various heart and abdominal pains; Dahuang Beijí Wan (Rhubarb Emergency-Prepared Pill) and Sanyang San (Three-Yang Powder) mainly treat sudden onset of myriad diseases. Sanleng Xiaoji Wan (Spurge Knot Eliminating Accumulation Pill) treats recent injury from raw, cold, hard foods (contains Croton seed); Muxiang Binlang Wan (Costus and Areca Nut Pill) treats chronic qi-food distension (contains Rhubarb). Croton severs the passageway to remove recent cold accumulations; Rhubarb breaks knots to push out old heat conditions. Qi disorders require regulating qi, using Muxiang (Costus), Binlang (Areca Nut), Xiangfu (Cyperus), and Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange); Blood disorders require harmonizing blood, using Chuanxiong (Ligusticum), Danggui (Angelica), Taoren (Peach Kernel), and Honghua (Safflower). Yueju Wan (Overcome Depression Pill) and Muxiang Liugui Yin (Costus Flowing Qi Drink) open invisible depressed qi; Pancan San (Scallion Coiling Powder) and Zhuangqi Awèi Wan (Strengthening Qi Asafetida Pill) break tangible blood stasis. Shensha Yili Dan (Divine Cinnabar One-Grain Elixir) treats heart pain due to qi depression; Shensheng Daizhen San (Divine Sacred Needle-Replacing Powder) treats hernia due to blood accumulation. Duhuo Jisheng Tang (Angelica Pubescens and Sorbus Decoction) opens qi-blood stagnation in the waist; Danggui Niantong Tang (Angelica Relieving Pain Decoction) dissipates damp-heat sinking in the feet. Kongxian Dan (Draining Phlegm Elixir) and Xiaowei Dan (Small Stomach Elixir) treat damp-heat flowing into the abdomen causing pain; Jinzao Dan (Golden Date Elixir) and Hugǔ San (Tiger Bone Powder) treat qi-blood constraint causing systemic illness (above regulate the stomach, digest food, and treat qi-blood damp-heat stagnation). Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) resolves phlegm; Sanbu Wan (Three-Tonifying Pill) purges fire. Liujun Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) resolves phlegm, tonifies qi, and regulates the stomach; Liuwu Tang (Six-Item Decoction) descends fire, nourishes blood, and tonifies yin (this is Siwu Tang plus Huangbo and Zhimu). Danggui Longhui Wan (Angelica Dragon Gallbladder Pill) excellently descends yin-fire and treats hypochondriac pain; Renshen Yangwei Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Stomach Decoction) opens knotted phlegm and treats chronic malaria. Taiping Wan (Peaceful World Pill) and Xiaohua Wan (Digestion Pill) are effective for phlegm-cough; Zuojin Wan (Left Metal Pill) and Xianglian Wan (Costus and Coptis Pill) are essential for clearing heat-dysentery. Xixin San (Heart-Washing Powder) and Xiegan San (Liver-Purging Powder) purge heart and liver fire; Guntan Wan (Rolling Phlegm Pill) and Huatan Wan (Phlegm-Resolving Pill) eliminate heat-dryness phlegm. Siqi Tang (Four-Sevens Decoction) and Heixi Dan (Black Tin Elixir) open chest-heart phlegm knots; Qingkong Gao (Clear Sky Ointment) and Liangge San (Cool Diaphragm Powder) clear rising fire from the head and diaphragm. Shigao Qianghuo San (Gypsum and Notopterygium Powder) dispels wind and brightens eyes; Chuanxiong Shigao Tang (Ligusticum and Gypsum Decoction) purges fire and stabilizes vertigo. Chuanxiong Chatiao San (Ligusticum Tea-Tuning Powder) treats wind-heat attacking the head and eyes; Gehua Jiexing Tang (Magnolia Flower Resolving Intoxication Decoction) treats wet-phlegm causing fullness in the stomach and intestines. Longnao Jisu Wan (Borneol and Mint Pill) clears heart-lung deficiency vexation; Renshen Xiefei Tang (Ginseng Purging Lung Decoction) dissipates chest-diaphragm excess fire. Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction), Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Bowel-Purging Decoction), Fuling Buxin Tang (Poria Nourishing Heart Decoction), Awèi Wan (Asafetida Pill), and Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Constructing the Middle Decoction) treat fire carrying blood upward and outward; Danggui Chengqi Tang (Angelica Bowel-Purging Decoction), Ruizhu Puhuang San (Ruizhu Typha Pollen Powder), Danggui Hexue San (Angelica Harmonizing Blood Powder), Ju Jin Wan (Gathering Gold Pill), and Fulonggan San (Cooked Dragon Liver Powder) treat yang forcing yin downward. Honghua Danggui San (Safflower and Angelica Powder), Qianjin Taoren Jian (Thousand Golden Peach Kernel Decoction), Liuhe Tang (Six-Harmonies Decoction) regulate unblocked meridians; Liangxue Dihuang Tang (Cooling Blood and Rehmannia Decoction), Jiedu Siwu Tang (Detoxifying Four-Treasure Decoction), and Jiao'ai Tang (Collagen and Mugwort Decoction) treat metrorrhagia and metrostaxis. Jingui Danggui San (Essential Prescriptions Angelica Powder) clears heat, calms the fetus, and facilitates childbirth; Danxi Tianma Wan (Danxi Gastrodia Pill) invigorates blood, protects the fetus, and prevents惊 (startle). Nüjin Dan (Woman's Golden Elixir) and Wuji Wan (Black Chicken Pill) regulate qi and blood, allowing elderly women to conceive; Tianyi Wan (Heaven-One Pill) and Lianqiao Yin (Forsythia Drink) purge fire and dampness, treating myriad pediatric diseases. Xingpi San (Awaken Spleen Powder), Yubingzi (Jade Cake), Fei'er Wan (Fleshing Child Pill), and Xiangling Wan treat infantile diseases due to spleen-qi deficiency; Xieqing Wan (Purging Green Pill), Duoming San (Life-Snatching Powder), Baolong Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill), and Binglang Wan treat disasters due to pediatric liver-pathogen excess. Jinbo Zhenxin Wan (Gold-Foil Calming Heart Pill) and Jinbo Zhenxin Dan (Gold-Foil Calming Heart Elixir) calm the spirit and stop惊; Wufu Huadu Dan (Five-Blessings Detoxifying Elixir) and Xijiao Xiaodu Yin (Rhino Horn Detoxifying Drink) clear heat and detoxify. Yigong San (Extra-Efficiency Powder) tonifies deficiency-cold in smallpox; Tongsheng San (Supreme Harmony Powder) purges excess-heat in macules and papules. Neishu Huanglian Tang (Internal-Draining Coptis Decoction) and Qianjin Lulu Tang (Thousand Golden Goat's Rue Decoction) mainly treat yang abscesses swelling outward; Neituo Fujian San (Internal-Supporting Double-Decoction Powder) and Yuanran Duoming Dan (Abyssal Life-Snatching Elixir) treat yin carbuncles with toxin accumulating internally. Limahui Ding Dan (Instant Horse Returning Carbuncle Elixir) and Wanling Duoming Dan (Ten-Thousand Spirit Life-Snatching Elixir) treat carbuncles with special efficacy; Shenxiao Taiyi Gao (Divine Effect Great One Ointment) and Sanzhong Kuijian Tang (Disperse Swelling and Harden Masses Decoction) treat scrofula with practical results. Zijin Dan (Purple Gold Elixir) treats poisoning from drugs and food as well as carbuncles and boils (mainly for detoxification); Rusheng San (Like-Saint Powder) treats wind-dampness and paralysis/gout (mainly for dispersion). Xianggu Wan (Fragrant Grain Pill) and Xiong gui Wan (Ligusticum and Angelica Pill) treat hemorrhoids by clearing heat and cooling blood; Huaigiao Wan (Sophora Seed Pill) and Uwáng Wan treat fistula by resolving dampness and tonifying deficiency. Qingxin Lianzi Yin (Clear Heart Lotus Seed Drink) and Bazheng San (Eight-Righteousness Powder) treat strangury with turbid urine, distinguishing deficiency and excess; Daozhi Tongyou Tang (Guide Stagnation and Unblock the Hidden Decoction) and Sanhe San (Three-Harmonies Powder) treat large intestine dryness constipation, distinguishing blood and qi differences. Haizang Wuyin Tang (Sea-Hoard Five-Drinks Decoction) disperses five types of fluid retention; Kaijie Zhishi Wan (Unbinding Immature Bitter Orange Pill) eliminates various phlegms. Daotan Tang (Leading Phlegm Decoction) and Sansheng Wan (Three-Life Pill) resolve phlegm and dispel wind; Qianmin Tang (Thousand-Silk Decoction) and Simo Tang (Four-Morbid Decoction) descend qi and stabilize panting. Suzi Jiangqi Tang (Perilla Seed Descending Qi Decoction) resolves phlegm and promotes qi; Sanyin Qiqi Tang (Three-Causes Seven-Qi Decoction) resolves depression and opens the heart. Guiti San (Melon Spittle Powder), Xixian San (Thin Saliva Powder), and Siling San (Four-Spirit Powder) induce vomiting of saliva and dispel wind; Suqing Dan (Perilla-Cyan Elixir), Xingxiang Tang (Arisaema and Costus Decoction), and Ditang Tang (Scouring Phlegm Decoction) resolve phlegm and smooth qi. Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill), Wuyao Shunqi San (Linseed Smooth-Qi Powder), and Yunqi San (Even-Qi Powder) excellently open knotted qi; Xiaoshengfeng Tang (Lesser Wind-Generating Decoction), Qingzhou Baiwanzi (Qingzhou White Pills), and Soufeng Wan (Search-Wind Pill) can disperse wind-phlegm. Niuhuang Qingxin Wan (Calvescent Calming Heart Pill) treats various phlegm-heat resembling wind-stroke; Various Xiao Xuming Tang (Minor Sustaining Life Decoctions) treat true wind-stroke with specific pulse signs. Sanhua Tang (Three-Transformations Decoction) mainly treats wind entering the fu organs, pushing out old and moistening dryness; Zhibao Dan (Treasured Treasure Elixir) treats evil entering the zang organs, clearing heat and dispelling wind. Longxing Dan (Dragon-Star Elixir) disperses wind, clears heat, and resolves phlegm; Yufeng Dan (Prevent-Wind Pill) moistens dryness, dispels wind, and purges fire. Huangu Dan (Bone-Changing Elixir) and Xuming Dan (Sustaining Life Elixir) treat wind-phlegm clogging meridians causing paralysis; Qingzao Tang (Clear-Drying Decoction) and Jianbu Wan (Strengthening Steps Pill) treat damp-heat steaming sinews and bones causing flaccidity. Nanxing (Arisaema Rhizome) treats wind-phlegm; Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) treats damp-phlegm; Tianhuafen (Trichosanthes Root) treats heat-phlegm; Haishi (Calcium Carbonatum) treats dry-phlegm; Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) treats cold-phlegm. Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) purges liver fire; Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) purges heart fire; Baishao (White Peony Root) purges spleen fire; Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) purges lung fire; Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) purges kidney fire. Tiandong (Asparagus Tuber), Maodong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zhuru (Bambusa Caulis in Taenia), Tongbian (Child's Urine), Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite), and Shangqing Wan (Upper-Clearing Pill) can disperse deficiency-fire; Jingli (荆沥 - Scallum Juice), Zhuli (竹沥 - Bamboo Juice), Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb), Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Jiuzhi (Leek Juice), Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice), Xiatiangao (Cloud-Heaven Ointment), and Erlitang (Two-Juices Decoction) excellently open deficiency-phlegm. For qi deficiency, add Sizjunzi Tang (Four-Gentlemen Decoction); for blood deficiency, add Siwu Tang (Four-Treasure Decoction) (above treat phlegm-fire, qi, and wind). Sizjunzi Tang tonifies qi and benefits the spleen; Siwu Tang nourishes blood and tonifies the kidney. Bayu Tang (Eight-Item Decoction) and Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Complete Great Tonifying Decoction) tonify dual qi-blood deficiency; Guben Wan (Solidify Root Pill) and Mitruan Buyuan Wan (Secretly Transmitted Tonify-Origin Pill) tonify heart-kidney insufficiency. Qianshi Baizhu San (Qian's Atractylodes Powder), Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng-Poria-Atractylodes Powder), and Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) tonify various spleen-stomach deficiencies; Danxi Buyin Wan (Danxi Nourishing-Yin Pill), Jingui Shenqi Wan (Essential Prescriptions Kidney-Qi Pill), and Sanyi Shenqi Wan (Three-Oneness Kidney-Qi Pill) nourish profound yin damaged over time. Cuishi Bawei Wan (Cuishi Eight-Ingredient Pill) tonifies yin and stimulates yang; Tianwang Buxin Dan (Heavenly King Nourishing-Heart Elixir) calms the spirit and stabilizes will. Zhusha Anshen Wan (Cinnabar Calming-Spirit Pill) cools blood and clears the heart; Bawei Dingzhi Wan (Eight-Ingredient Stabilizing-Will Pill) tonifies deficiency and opens orifices. Futu Wan (Lotus Seed and Alisma Pill) and Bixie Fenqing Yin (Dioscorea Hypoglauca and Clearing Turbidity Drink) eliminate turbidity and stop strangury; Gujing Wan (Secure Essence Pill) and Guzhen Taibao Wan (Secure-True Great-Treasure Pill) secure essence and prevent collapse. Baohe Tang (Preserve-Harmony Decoction), Zhimu Fuling Tang (Anemarrhena and Poria Decoction), and Huangbia Jiatang (Yellow Turtle Carapace Decoction) stop cough and calm the lungs; Baozhen Tang (Preserve-Truth Decoction), Shiwei Renshen San (Ten-Ingredient Ginseng Powder), and Renshen Yangrong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing-Grace Decoction) clear heat and tonify deficiency. Yichengjin (One-Mace Gold), Qixian Dan (Seven-Immortal Elixir) blacken hair and preserve youth; Qiongyu Gao (Jade-Ointment) and Guben Jiu (Root-Solidifying Wine) prolong life (above tonify qi, blood, and zang-fu). Prescription modifications depend on the practitioner; one must examine the disease and use medicines appropriately. Tonification and purgation depend on flavors; one must change prescriptions according to the season. The Seven Formulas (Qi, Ou, Fu, Da, Xiao, Huan, Ji) must be known (Seven Formulas refer to: Odd, Even, Compound, Large, Small, Slow, Urgent); the Three Stages of treatment (Initial, Middle, Final) must be observed (Initial: release and attack; Middle: harmonize; Final: consolidate and tonify). Treat cold with heat usage, treat heat with cold usage; treat obstruction with promoting flow, treat blockage with astringency (Promoting flow for obstruction means clearing stagnation so the lower jiao naturally closes); suppress what is high, elevate what is low, release what is exterior, seize what is interior (Blockage with astringency means blocking the lower flow so the upper jiao naturally opens). Cold requires combining with congealing agents; heat requires combining with moving agents; wind can overcome dampness; dampness can moisten dryness. Acrid can scatter knots; sweet can moderate the middle; bland can benefit orifices; bitter drains rebellion; sour gathers depletion; salty softens hardness. Ascending, descending, floating, and sinking should follow their nature (meaning following their ascending/descending/floating/sinking properties); cold, heat, warmth, and coolness should oppose the disease (meaning using cold to treat heat, and heat to treat cold). Diseases have depth; treatments have difficulty. Initial wind-cold or sudden dietary injury may be cured with one medicine; old accumulations or chronic deficiency-consumption are hard to cure with myriad methods. Illnesses like frost on grass (minor signs) must be treated urgently; baseless medicines should not be tried. If the disease conceals deficiency, use half-purgative and half-tonifying approaches; if the physician has many skills, use moxibustion or acupuncture. Needling has the power to rob disease; moxibustion has the verification of restoring life. Needling can treat qi disorders causing pain; moxibustion can dissolve blood stasis to restore form. For cold viscera and deficiency exhaustion, treat with moxibustion; for spasmodic bi-syndrome due to pulses, treat with needle-pricking. For blood excess, accumulation, swelling, and heat, use bian stones (bloodletting stone); for qi stagnation, flaccidity, cold limbs, and alternating cold/heat, imitate daoyin (guiding and pulling exercises). When meridians are blocked and disease causes insensitivity, seek medicinal wines; when qi-blood stagnates and disease affects sinews and vessels, apply hot compresses. For fierce diseases, press and restrain them (massage); for gan huoluan (dry cholera), scrape and move them (gua sha). The thirteen medical departments should specialize in one school; disease conditions vary infinitely, requiring careful analysis. I briefly gather these fragmented words to present my limited insight, hoping future learners may reach the ford through confusion.