凡伤寒疫疠之病，何以别之，盖脉不浮者传染也，设若以热药解表，不惟不
解，其病反甚而危殆矣。其治之法∶自汗宜以苍术白虎汤（二十二）；无汗宜滑石
凉膈散（二十三），散热而愈；其不解者通其表里，微甚，随证治之，而与伤寒之
法皆无异也。双解散（五十四）、益元散（五十二），皆为神方。
凡表证脉浮，身体肢节疼痛，恶风、恶寒者，可汗之不可下也。伤寒无汗麻
黄汤（一），伤风自汗桂枝汤（二）。一法不问风寒通用双解散（五十四），或天水散（五十二）最妙。
凡里证脉实而不浮，不恶寒及恶风，身不疼，自汗谵语，不大便，或咽干腹满者，可下之不可汗
也。以上之证宜小承气汤（十二）、大承气汤（十）、调胃承气汤（十一），选而用之。一法不问风寒
暑湿，或表、里两证俱不见，但无表证而有可下者，通用三一承气汤（十三）下之。此药发峻效，使无
表热入里，而无结胸及痞之众疾也。或热结极深而诸药数下，毕竟不能利，不救成死者，大承气汤加甘
遂一钱匕下之。病在里，脉沉细者，无问风寒暑湿，或表里证俱不见；或内外诸邪所伤，有汗、无汗、
心腹痛满、谵妄烦躁、蓄热内盛、但是脉沉者，宜三一承气汤（十三）合解毒汤（二十一）下之。解
毒、调胃承气汤，能泻大热。
凡是伤寒和疫疠这类疾病，如何区分它们呢？大概脉象不浮的属于传染性疾病。如果此时用热性药物来解表，不仅不能治愈，病情反而会加重并陷入危险境地。其治疗方法是：自汗出的宜用苍术白虎汤（方剂编号二十二）；无汗出的宜用滑石凉膈散（方剂编号二十三），以散热而痊愈；如果病邪未解，则根据表里证的轻重程度，通调表里，随证治疗，这与治疗伤寒的方法都没有不同。双解散（方剂编号五十四）、益元散（方剂编号五十二），都是神效的方剂。
凡是表证，脉象浮，身体及肢节疼痛，怕风、怕冷的，可以用发汗法，不可用泻下法。伤寒无汗的用麻黄汤（方剂编号一），伤风自汗的用桂枝汤（方剂编号二）。有一种方法是不问风寒，通用双解散（方剂编号五十四），或者天水散（方剂编号五十二）最为巧妙。
凡是里证，脉象实而不浮，不怕冷也不怕风，身体不疼，自汗且说胡话，不大便，或者咽干腹满的，可以用泻下法，不可用发汗法。以上的证候宜选用小承气汤（方剂编号十二）、大承气汤（方剂编号十）、调胃承气汤（方剂编号十一），选择使用。另一种方法是不问风寒暑湿，或者表证、里证都不明显，只要没有表证而有可下的指征，通用三一承气汤（方剂编号十三）来泻下。此药药力峻猛见效快，能防止表热入里，从而避免结胸及痞满等各种疾病。如果热结极深，经过多种药物多次泻下，终究不能通便，导致无法救治而死亡的，可用大承气汤加甘遂一钱匕来泻下。病在里，脉象沉细的，不问风寒暑湿，或者表里证都不明显；或者是内外各种邪气所伤，有汗、无汗、心腹痛满、说胡话烦躁不安、体内蓄热旺盛，只要是脉沉的，宜用三一承气汤（方剂编号十三）合解毒汤（方剂编号二十一）来泻下。解毒汤、调胃承气汤，能够泻除大热。
Regarding diseases of Shanghan (Cold Damage) and epidemics, how can they be distinguished? Generally, those with a non-floating pulse are infectious. If heat-inducing drugs are used to release the exterior in such cases, not only will they fail to resolve the condition, but the disease will worsen and become critical. The treatment method is as follows: For spontaneous sweating, Cangzhu Baizhu Tang (Cangzhu White Tiger Decoction) [Formula 22] should be used; for absence of sweating, Shihao Liangge San (Shihao Cool Diaphragm Powder) [Formula 23] should be used to dissipate heat and achieve recovery. If the pathogen remains unresolved, the interior and exterior should be unblocked according to the severity of the symptoms, treating according to the syndrome differentiation, which is no different from the methods for treating Shanghan. Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder) [Formula 54] and Yiyuan San (Benefit Origin Powder) [Formula 52] are both miraculous formulas.
For exterior syndromes characterized by a floating pulse, pain in the body and limbs, aversion to wind, and aversion to cold, diaphoresis (sweating therapy) is indicated, while purgation is contraindicated. For Shanghan with no sweating, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) [Formula 1] is used; for Shangfeng (Wind Strike) with spontaneous sweating, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) [Formula 2] is used. One approach involves using Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder) [Formula 54] or Tianshui San (Heavenly Water Powder) [Formula 52], regardless of whether the cause is wind-cold, which is considered most excellent.
For interior syndromes characterized by a solid yet non-floating pulse, absence of aversion to cold or wind, lack of body pain, spontaneous sweating, delirious speech, constipation, dry throat, or abdominal fullness, purgation is indicated, while diaphoresis is contraindicated. For the above syndromes, Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Yang Decoction) [Formula 12], Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Yang Decoction) [Formula 10], or Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Yang Decoction) [Formula 11] should be selected and used. Another approach involves using Sanyi Chengqi Tang (Three-One Order the Yang Decoction) [Formula 13] for purgation, regardless of wind-cold-summerheat-dampness, or when neither exterior nor interior syndromes are apparent, provided there is no exterior syndrome but indications for purgation exist. This medicine has a potent effect, preventing exterior heat from entering the interior and thereby avoiding complications such as Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) and Pi (Glomus). In cases where heat binding is extremely deep, and multiple purgations with various medicines fail to produce bowel movements, leading to death due to untreatability, Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Yang Decoction) added with Qianbi (a measure of Gansui, Kansui Root) one qianbi should be used for purgation. When the disease is in the interior and the pulse is deep and fine, regardless of wind-cold-summerheat-dampness, or when neither exterior nor interior syndromes are apparent; or when injured by various internal and external pathogens, presenting with sweating or no sweating, heart and abdominal pain and fullness, delirium, restlessness, excessive internal accumulation of heat, as long as the pulse is deep, Sanyi Chengqi Tang (Three-One Order the Yang Decoction) [Formula 13] combined with Jiedu Tang (Detoxification Decoction) [Formula 21] should be used for purgation. Jiedu Tang and Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Yang Decoction) can purge intense heat.