2.寸口脉平卒中死, 生气独绝暴脱之, 五脏几息呼吸泯, 譬如堕溺
岂能期. 脉来一息七八至, 不大不小尚能医, 大小浮昼沉夜死, 脉绝
不至死何疑. 脱证并见皆死候, 摇头上窜气长嘘, 喘汗如油痰拽锯,
肉脱筋痛发枯直.
【注】寸口脉平, 谓寸, 关, 尺脉俱平之人, 忽然卒中而死者, 皆因
中邪太甚, 闭塞九窍天真之气, 不能与人之生气相通, 则独绝于内也
.譬如堕跌溺水, 岂能预期其死耶! 脉来一息七, 八至者, 不大不小
虽困可治. 若大而无伦, 小而如纤, 浮主昼死, 沈主夜死, 不可治也
.五脏脱证, 若三脏, 四脏并见, 及摇头上窜等证, 皆死候也.
通关散 开关散 熏鼻法 解语法
3.通关星皂细荷半, 开关乌梅冰片南, 巴油纸皂烟熏鼻, 龟尿舌下
点难言.
【注】通关散, 南星, 皂角, 细辛, 薄荷, 生半夏为末, 吹鼻有嚏可
治.开关散乌梅肉, 冰片, 生南星为末, 擦牙, 其噤可开. 巴豆油纸
卷皂角末, 烧烟熏入鼻内, 人事自省. 取龟尿点在舌下, 言语自易.
三圣散 瓜蒂散 金蝎散 五元散 巴矾丸
4.无汗吐宜防藜蒂, 有汗瓜蒂入蝎全, 重剂藜豆矾皂胆, 痰壅吐以
巴矾丸.
【注】痰涎壅盛, 无汗表实, 用三圣散, 即防风, 藜芦, 瓜蒂吐之.
有汗里实, 用瓜蒂散, 即瓜蒂, 赤小豆; 或用全蝎散, 即瓜蒂散加全
蝎吐之, 此皆吐之轻剂也. 甚则用五元散, 乃藜芦, 赤小豆, 白矾 ,
皂角, 胆矾. 巴矾丸, 即巴豆, 枯白矾, 吐之.
乌药顺气散
5.乌药顺气实中络, 喎斜顽麻风注疼, 麻黄枳桔乌蚕共, 白芷干姜
陈草芎. 【注】实中络, 谓风邪中络之人, 形气实者也. 喎斜, 口眼
歪斜也. 顽麻, 肌肤麻木也. 风注疼, 风气攻注骨节疼也. 是方麻黄
,枳壳, 桔梗, 乌药, 僵蚕, 白芷, 陈皮, 干姜, 甘草, 川芎也.
大秦艽汤
6.大秦艽汤虚中络, 喎斜偏废减参珍, 秦艽生地石膏共, 羌独防芷
细辛芩.
【注】虚中络, 谓风邪中络之人, 形气虚者也. 偏废, 谓半身不遂也
.灭参珍, 谓八珍汤减去人参, 加入秦艽, 生地, 石膏, 羌活, 独活
,白芷, 防风, 细辛, 黄芩也. 偏废是中经之证, 而亦可治之者, 以
此方能养血荣筋, 为久病风人调理之剂.
换骨丹
7.中经气实宜换骨, 喎斜瘫痪芷芎防, 冰麝朱香槐苦味, 仙人麻首
蔓苍桑.
【注】中经气实, 谓风邪中经之人, 形气实也. 瘫, 左不用也; 痪,
右不用也. 换骨丹, 白芷, 川芎, 防风, 冰片, 麝香, 朱砂, 木香,
槐角, 苦参, 五味子, 威灵仙, 人参, 麻黄膏, 何首乌, 蔓荆子, 苍
术,桑皮也. 麻黄膏者, 以麻黄熬成膏, 和前药为丸, 朱砂滚衣也.
8.小续命汤虚经络, 八风五痹总能全, 麻杏桂芍通营卫, 参草归芎
气血宣, 风淫防风湿淫已, 黄芩热淫附子寒, 春夏石膏知母入, 秋冬
桂附倍加添.
【注】虚经络, 谓风邪中经, 中络之人, 形气虚也. 八风, 谓八方之
邪风中人为病也. 五痹, 详见痹门要诀中.
黄耆五物汤
9.黄耆五物虚经络, 偏废虚风无力瘫, 心清语蹇因舌软, 舌强神浊
是火痰, 补卫黄耆起不用, 益营芍桂枣姜煎, 左加当归下牛膝, 筋瓜
骨虎附经添.
【注】黄耆五物汤, 治因虚召风, 中人经络而病半身不遂者. 然审其
人若舌强难言, 神气不清, 则是痰水为病, 不宜此方. 若心清语蹇,
舌软无力难言者, 乃是营卫不足之病, 宜用此方. 经曰: 卫虚则不用
,营虚则不仁. 此方君黄耆而补卫, 以起不用; 臣桂枝, 白芍而益营
,以治不仁; 佐生姜, 大枣以和营卫也. 不仁不用在右者属气, 宜倍
加黄耆; 在左者属血, 则加当归. 在下两腿两膝软者, 则加牛膝. 骨
软不能久立者, 则加虎骨. 筋软难于屈伸者, 则加木瓜. 周身或左或
右经络不宣通者, 则加炮附子, 有寒者亦加之. 此方屡试屡效者, 其
功力专于补外, 所以不用人参补内, 甘草补中也.
三化汤 搜风顺气丸
10.三化气实风中腑, 昏冒闭满小承羌. 形气俱虚及风燥, 搜风顺气
自然康.
【注】气实风中腑, 谓风邪中腑之人, 形气实也. 昏冒, 谓神昏不知
人也. 闭满, 谓二便阻隔腹满胀也. 小承羌, 谓小承气汤 --- 厚朴,
枳实, 大黄, 加羌活, 即三化汤也. 若其人形气俱虚, 则当以搜风顺
气丸缓缓治之, 自然康也. 久病风之人, 大便多结燥, 谓之风燥. 或
用续命汤汗过, 三化汤下过, 津液枯干, 以致结燥. 凡病不论中经络
脏腑, 但有二便阻隔, 形气不足, 难堪攻下者, 均宜此法, 以搜六腑
之风, 通肠胃中之气, 二便自利矣.
牛黄清心丸
11.牛黄清心实中脏, 痰壅神昏不语言, 口眼喎斜形气盛, 两手握固
紧牙关.
【注】牛黄清心丸, 治风邪中脏之人, 形气俱实, 其证痰涎壅寒, 神
昏不能言语, 口眼喎斜, 形气满盛, 两手握固, 牙关紧急之闭证, 皆
可服之.
参附汤
12.参附汤治虚中脏, 唇缓涎出不语言, 昏不知人身偏废, 五脱证见
倍参煎.
【注】参附汤, 即人参, 附子也. 治风邪中脏之人, 形气俱虚, 其证
唇缓不收, 痰涎流出, 神昏不语, 身肢偏废, 或与五脏脱证并见, 宜
大倍人参, 先固虚脱, 次治风邪可也.
千金还魂汤
13.经络闭证卒中恶, 气促神昏不识人, 无汗拘急身偏痛, 肉桂麻草
杏还魂.
【注】经络闭证, 谓风邪中经络之闭证也. 气促, 谓气粗盛也. 无汗
四肢拘急, 身体偏痛, 乃表邪固闭, 宜用肉桂, 麻黄, 甘草 , 杏仁,
即还魂汤以开之.
夺命汤
14.脏腑闭证腹满闭, 昏噤痰结在喉间, 危急汤药不能下, 夺命巴芷
半葶南.
【注】脏腑闭证, 谓风邪中脏腑之闭证也. 腹满闭, 谓腹满二便闭也
.兼以神昏口噤不开, 结痰喉间不下, 宜用四方吐下之, 巴豆, 白芷
,半夏, 葶苈, 生南星也.
三生饮
15.三生饮治中风寒, 厥逆沉伏涌气痰, 星香乌附俱生用, 气虚加参
脱倍添.
【注】中风寒, 谓不论经络脏腑, 风邪中脏寒之人也. 厥逆, 谓四肢
冷也. 沉伏, 谓六脉沉伏也. 是方生南星, 生川乌, 生附子, 木香也
.惟寒盛气实者宜之, 若气虚者加人参, 虚极将脱者大倍人参, 始可
用之而无倒戈之害也.
袪风至宝汤
16.袪风至宝中风热, 浮数面赤热而烦, 通圣加蝎天麻细, 白附羌独
连柏蚕.
【注】中风热, 谓不论经络脏腑, 风邪中腑热之人也. 浮数, 谓六脉
浮数也. 热而烦, 谓身热心烦也. 通圣, 谓防风通圣散. 方中加全蝎
,天麻, 细辛, 白附, 羌活, 独活, 黄柏, 黄连, 僵蚕也. 防风通圣
散,详在伤寒门.
青州白丸子
17.青州白丸中风痰, 喎斜瘫痪涌痰涎, 小儿惊痰为妙药, 白附乌星
半夏丸.
【注】中风痰, 谓不论经络脏腑, 风邪中表, 有痰饮之人也. 涌痰涎
,谓痰涎涌盛也. 是方生白附子, 生川乌, 生南星, 生半夏, 法制为
丸也.
羌活愈风汤
18.羌活愈风治外中, 手足无力语出难, 肌肉微掣不仁用, 大秦艽汤
参再添, 官桂黄耆杜防己, 知枳柴荷蔓菊前, 苍麻半朴杞地骨, 调理
诸风症可安.
【注】治外中, 谓风从外中之病也. 此病之来, 必有先兆, 如手足无
力,语言蹇涩, 时有肌肉微动牵掣, 大指次指麻木不用, 皆风邪外中
之先兆也, 宜用此汤. 大秦艽汤参再添, 谓大秦艽汤方中, 再添人参
,官桂, 黄耆, 杜仲, 防已, 知母, 枳壳, 柴胡, 薄荷, 蔓荆子, 菊
花,前胡, 苍术, 麻黄, 半夏, 厚朴, 枸杞, 地骨皮. 调理诸风症可
安,谓凡中风内邪将除, 外邪渐尽, 更服此药调理以行导诸经, 久则
大风悉去, 清浊自分, 荣卫自知矣.
清热化痰汤
19.清热化痰治内发, 神短忽忽语失常, 头眩脚软六君麦, 芩连菖枳
竹星香.
【注】治内发, 谓痰火内发之病也. 此病之来, 必有先兆, 如神短忽
忽,言语失常, 上盛下虚, 头眩脚软, 皆痰火内发之先兆也. 宜用此
汤. 即人参, 白术, 茯苓, 甘草, 橘红, 半夏, 麦冬, 黄芩, 黄连,
石菖蒲, 枳实, 竹茹, 南星, 木香也.
地黄饮子
20.四肢不收无痛痱, 偏枯身偏不用疼, 其言不变志不乱, 邪在分腠
五物能. 甚不能言为瘖痱, 夺厥入脏病多凶, 地黄桂附蓉巴远, 萸斛
冬味薄菖苓.
【注】风痱, 偏枯, 瘖痱三病, 皆属外中, 而有微甚浅深之别也. 风
痱,谓四肢不收, 身无痛处. 偏枯, 谓半身不遂, 身有痛处, 其言不
变志不乱, 乃邪微浅, 病在分腠荣卫之间, 以黄耆五物汤能补荣卫而
散风邪也. 甚者不能言, 志乱神昏, 则为瘖痱, 乃肾虚内夺, 少阴不
至而厥, 其邪巳入于脏, 故曰病多凶也. 地黄饮子是治肾虚内夺之方
,是方熟地, 肉桂, 附子, 肉苁蓉, 巴戟, 远志, 山萸, 石斛, 麦冬
,五味子, 薄荷, 石菖薄, 茯苓也.
涤痰汤
21.涤痰内发迷心窍, 舌强难言参蒲星, 温胆热盛芩连入, 神昏便闭
滚痰攻.
【注】内发, 谓痰火内发, 迷人心窍, 令人精神恍惚, 舌强难言也.
涤痰汤, 即人参, 菖蒲, 南星, 合温胆汤也. 温胆汤, 橘红, 半夏,
茯苓, 甘草, 竹菇, 枳实也. 热盛加黄芩, 黄连, 大小二便闭, 用礞
石滚痰丸攻之可也.
2. 寸口脉象看似平和，但患者突然中风死亡，这是因为生机独自断绝而暴脱。五脏之气在几次呼吸间就消失了，就像从高处坠落或溺水一样，怎么可能预料到死亡的时间呢？脉搏在一呼一吸间跳动七八次，脉象不大不小尚可医治；若脉象过大、过小、浮取明显（白天死）或沉取明显（夜晚死），脉气断绝不至，死亡是毫无疑问的。脱证如果同时出现，都是死候：摇头、气向上冲窜、长叹气、气喘出汗如油、痰声拽锯、肌肉消瘦、筋脉疼痛、头发枯直。
【注】“寸口脉平”，是指寸、关、尺三部脉象都平和的人，忽然中风而死，都是因为中邪太甚，闭塞九窍，天真之气不能与人的生气相通，所以独绝于内。就像跌倒或溺水，怎么能预先预期其死亡呢！脉搏一息七至、八至，脉象不大不小，虽然病重但可治疗。如果脉大而无条理，或小如细线，浮脉主白天死，沉脉主夜晚死，则不可治。五脏脱证，如果三脏、四脏的症状并见，以及摇头上窜等证，都是死候。
通关散 开关散 熏鼻法 解语法
3. 通关散由天南星、皂角、细辛、薄荷、生半夏组成；开关散由乌梅肉、冰片、生南星组成；巴豆油纸卷皂角末烧烟熏鼻；龟尿点舌下治难言。
【注】通关散，由天南星、皂角、细辛、薄荷、生半夏研为末，吹入鼻中，若有喷嚏则可治。开关散，由乌梅肉、冰片、生南星研为末，擦牙，其牙关紧闭可开。巴豆油用纸卷皂角末，烧烟熏入鼻内，人事自醒。取龟尿点在舌下，言语自然容易。
三圣散 瓜蒂散 金蝎散 五元散 巴矾丸
4. 无汗吐法宜用防藜蒂（三圣散）；有汗用瓜蒂入蝎全（瓜蒂散或全蝎散）；重剂用藜豆矾皂胆（五元散）；痰壅用巴矾丸吐之。
【注】痰涎壅盛，无汗表实，用三圣散，即防风、藜芦、瓜蒂催吐。有汗里实，用瓜蒂散，即瓜蒂、赤小豆；或用全蝎散，即瓜蒂散加全蝎催吐，这些都是轻剂。严重时用五元散，乃藜芦、赤小豆、白矾、皂角、胆矾。巴矾丸，即巴豆、枯白矾，用于催吐。
乌药顺气散
5. 乌药顺气散治实证中络，症状为口眼歪斜、肌肤顽麻、风气攻注骨节疼痛。方含麻黄、枳壳、桔梗、乌药、僵蚕、白芷、干姜、陈皮、甘草、川芎。
【注】“实中络”，指风邪中络之人，形气充实者。“喎斜”，指口眼歪斜。“顽麻”，指肌肤麻木。“风注疼”，指风气攻注导致骨节疼痛。此方包含麻黄、枳壳、桔梗、乌药、僵蚕、白芷、陈皮、干姜、甘草、川芎。
大秦艽汤
6. 大秦艽汤治虚证中络，症状为口眼歪斜、半身不遂。此方是在八珍汤基础上减去人参，加入秦艽、生地、石膏、羌活、独活、白芷、防风、细辛、黄芩。
【注】“虚中络”，指风邪中络之人，形气虚弱者。“偏废”，指半身不遂。“灭参珍”，指八珍汤减去人参，加入秦艽、生地、石膏、羌活、独活、白芷、防风、细辛、黄芩。偏废是中经的证候，也可治疗，因为此方能养血荣筋，是调理久病风人的方剂。
换骨丹
7. 中经气实宜用换骨丹，症状为口眼歪斜、瘫痪。方含白芷、川芎、防风、冰片、麝香、朱砂、木香、槐角、苦参、五味子、威灵仙、人参、麻黄膏、何首乌、蔓荆子、苍术、桑皮。
【注】“中经气实”，指风邪中经之人，形气充实。瘫，指左半身不用；痪，指右半身不用。换骨丹，由白芷、川芎、防风、冰片、麝香、朱砂、木香、槐角、苦参、五味子、威灵仙、人参、麻黄膏、何首乌、蔓荆子、苍术、桑皮组成。麻黄膏，是以麻黄熬成膏，与前药混合制成丸剂，用朱砂滚衣。
8. 小续命汤治虚证经络受邪，能治八风五痹。方中麻黄、杏仁、桂枝、芍药调和营卫，人参、甘草、当归、川芎宣通气血。风淫加防风，湿淫加已（此处原文可能有误，通常指祛湿药，注中未详列具体湿药，仅提防风），热淫加黄芩，寒淫加附子。春夏加石膏、知母，秋冬倍加桂枝、附子。
【注】“虚经络”，指风邪中经、中络之人，形气虚弱。“八风”，指八方之风邪中人致病。“五痹”，详见痹门要诀中。
黄耆五物汤
9. 黄耆五物汤治虚证经络，症状为偏废、虚风无力瘫痪。心清语蹇因舌软无力，舌强神浊则是火痰所致。补卫气用黄耆（起不用），益营血用桂枝、白芍、大枣、生姜煎服。左侧加当归，下肢膝软加牛膝，骨软加虎骨，筋软加木瓜，经络不通或有寒加炮附子。
【注】黄耆五物汤，治疗因虚招致风邪，中人经络而患半身不遂者。然而审视其人若舌强难言，神气不清，则是痰水为病，不宜用此方。若心清语蹇，舌软无力难言者，乃是营卫不足之病，宜用此方。经曰：卫虚则不用，营虚则不仁。此方以黄耆为君补气卫以治不用；以桂枝、白芍为臣益营血以治不仁；佐生姜、大枣以和营卫。不仁不用在右侧属气，宜倍加黄耆；在左侧属血，则加当归。在下两腿两膝软者，则加牛膝。骨软不能久立者，则加虎骨。筋软难于屈伸者，则加木瓜。周身或左或右经络不宣通者，则加炮附子，有寒者亦加之。此方屡试屡效，其功力专于补外，所以不用人参补内，甘草补中也。
三化汤 搜风顺气丸
10. 三化汤治气实风中腑，症状为昏冒、闭满。用小承气汤加羌活。若形气俱虚及风燥，用搜风顺气丸自然康复。
【注】“气实风中腑”，指风邪中腑之人，形气充实。“昏冒”，指神昏不知人。“闭满”，指二便阻隔腹满胀。小承羌，指小承气汤——厚朴、枳实、大黄，加羌活，即三化汤。若其人形气俱虚，则当以搜风顺气丸缓缓治之，自然康也。久病风之人，大便多结燥，谓之风燥。或用续命汤发汗过，三化汤泻下过，津液枯干，以致结燥。凡病不论中经络脏腑，但有二便阻隔，形气不足，难堪攻下者，均宜此法，以搜六腑之风，通肠胃中之气，二便自利矣。
牛黄清心丸
11. 牛黄清心丸治实证中脏，症状为痰壅、神昏、不语、口眼歪斜、形气盛、两手握固、紧牙关。
【注】牛黄清心丸，治疗风邪中脏之人，形气俱实，其证痰涎壅盛，神昏不能言语，口眼歪斜，形气满盛，两手握固，牙关紧急之闭证，皆可服之。
参附汤
12. 参附汤治虚证中脏，症状为唇缓、涎出、不语、昏不知人、身偏废。若见五脱证，倍用人参煎服。
【注】参附汤，即人参、附子。治疗风邪中脏之人，形气俱虚，其证唇缓不收，痰涎流出，神昏不语，身肢偏废，或与五脏脱证并见，宜大倍人参，先固虚脱，次治风邪可也。
千金还魂汤
13. 千金还魂汤治经络闭证卒中恶，症状为气促、神昏不识人、无汗、拘急、身偏痛。方含肉桂、麻黄、甘草、杏仁。
【注】“经络闭证”，指风邪中经络之闭证。“气促”，指气粗盛。无汗、四肢拘急、身体偏痛，乃表邪固闭，宜用肉桂、麻黄、甘草、杏仁，即还魂汤以开之。
夺命汤
14. 夺命汤治脏腑闭证，症状为腹满、二便闭、昏噤、痰结喉间。危急时汤药不能下，用夺命汤（巴豆、白芷、半夏、葶苈、生南星）。
【注】“脏腑闭证”，指风邪中脏腑之闭证。“腹满闭”，指腹满、二便闭。兼以神昏口噤不开，结痰喉间不下，宜用四方吐下之，巴豆、白芷、半夏、葶苈、生南星也。
三生饮
15. 三生饮治中风寒，症状为厥逆、脉沉伏、气痰。方中生南星、生川乌、生附子、木香皆生用。气虚加人参，虚极将脱者倍加人参。
【注】“中风寒”，指不论经络脏腑，风邪中脏寒之人。“厥逆”，指四肢冷。“沉伏”，指六脉沉伏。是方生南星、生川乌、生附子、木香。惟寒盛气实者宜之，若气虚者加人参，虚极将脱者大倍人参，始可用之而无倒戈之害也。
袪风至宝汤
16. 袪风至宝汤治中风热，症状为脉浮数、面赤、热而烦。在防风通圣散基础上加全蝎、天麻、细辛、白附子、羌活、独活、黄连、黄柏、僵蚕。
【注】“中风热”，指不论经络脏腑，风邪中腑热之人。“浮数”，指六脉浮数。“热而烦”，指身热心烦。通圣，指防风通圣散。方中加全蝎、天麻、细辛、白附、羌活、独活、黄柏、黄连、僵蚕也。防风通圣散，详在伤寒门。
青州白丸子
17. 青州白丸子治中风痰，症状为口眼歪斜、瘫痪、痰涎涌盛。小儿惊痰亦为妙药。方含白附子、川乌、南星、半夏。
【注】“中风痰”，指不论经络脏腑，风邪中表，有痰饮之人。“涌痰涎”，指痰涎涌盛。是方生白附子、生川乌、生南星、生半夏，法制为丸也。
羌活愈风汤
18. 羌活愈风汤治外中风，症状为手足无力、语言难出、肌肉微掣不仁。在大秦艽汤基础上再加人参、官桂、黄耆、杜仲、防己、知母、枳壳、柴胡、薄荷、蔓荆子、菊花、前胡、苍术、麻黄、半夏、厚朴、枸杞、地骨皮。
【注】治外中，指风从外中之病。此病之来，必有先兆，如手足无力、语言蹇涩、时有肌肉微动牵掣、大指次指麻木不用，皆风邪外中之先兆也，宜用此汤。大秦艽汤参再添，指大秦艽汤方中，再添人参、官桂、黄耆、杜仲、防己、知母、枳壳、柴胡、薄荷、蔓荆子、菊花、前胡、苍术、麻黄、半夏、厚朴、枸杞、地骨皮。调理诸风症可安，谓凡中风内邪将除，外邪渐尽，更服此药调理以行导诸经，久则大风悉去，清浊自分，荣卫自知矣。
清热化痰汤
19. 清热化痰汤治内发，症状为神短忽忽、言语失常、头眩脚软。方含六君子汤加麦冬、黄芩、黄连、石菖蒲、枳实、竹茹、南星、木香。
【注】治内发，指痰火内发之病。此病之来，必有先兆，如神短忽忽、言语失常、上盛下虚、头眩脚软，皆痰火内发之先兆也。宜用此汤。即人参、白术、茯苓、甘草、橘红、半夏、麦冬、黄芩、黄连、石菖蒲、枳实、竹茹、南星、木香也。
地黄饮子
20. 四肢不收无痛为痱，偏枯身偏不用且疼。其言不变志不乱，邪在分腠，黄耆五物汤能治。甚则不能言为瘖痱，夺厥入脏病多凶。地黄饮子含熟地、桂、附、蓉、巴戟、远志、萸、斛、冬、味、薄、菖、苓。
【注】风痱、偏枯、瘖痱三病，皆属外中，而有微甚浅深之别也。风痱，指四肢不收，身无痛处。偏枯，指半身不遂，身有痛处，其言不变志不乱，乃邪微浅，病在分腠荣卫之间，以黄耆五物汤能补荣卫而散风邪也。甚者不能言，志乱神昏，则为瘖痱，乃肾虚内夺，少阴不至而厥，其邪巳入于脏，故曰病多凶也。地黄饮子是治肾虚内夺之方，是方熟地、肉桂、附子、肉苁蓉、巴戟、远志、山萸、石斛、麦冬、五味子、薄荷、石菖蒲、茯苓也。
涤痰汤
21. 涤痰汤治内发迷心窍，症状为舌强难言。合温胆汤，热盛加芩连，神昏便闭用滚痰丸攻之。
【注】内发，指痰火内发，迷人心窍，令人精神恍惚，舌强难言也。涤痰汤，即人参、菖蒲、南星，合温胆汤也。温胆汤，橘红、半夏、茯苓、甘草、竹茹、枳实也。热盛加黄芩、黄连，大小二便闭，用礞石滚痰丸攻之可也。
2. The pulse at the Cun Kou (Inch Port) appears level, yet the patient suddenly dies from stroke; this is because the vital Qi alone is severed and violently depleted. The Qi of the five Zang organs vanishes within a few breaths, like falling from a height or drowning—how could one predict the time of death? If the pulse beats seven or eight times per respiration, and is neither large nor small, it can still be treated. If the pulse is excessively large, excessively small, floating (indicating death during the day), or deep (indicating death at night), with the pulse cut off and unapproachable, death is beyond doubt. When collapse syndromes appear simultaneously, they are all signs of impending death: shaking of the head, Qi rushing upward, long sighing, panting with sweat like oil, phlegm rattling like a saw, emaciated muscles, painful sinews, and dry, straight hair.
[Note] "Cun Kou pulse level" refers to a person whose Cun, Guan, and Chi pulses are all level, who suddenly dies from stroke. This is due to severe pathogenic invasion blocking the nine orifices, preventing the innate Qi from communicating with the body's vital Qi, thus becoming severed internally. It is like falling or drowning; how could one anticipate death? A pulse beating seven or eight times per respiration, being neither large nor small, indicates that although the condition is critical, it is treatable. If the pulse is chaotic and large, or thin and minute, a floating pulse indicates death by day, and a deep pulse indicates death by night; these are untreatable. When symptoms of collapse of three or four Zang organs appear together, along with shaking of the head and upward Qi rush, these are all signs of impending death.
Tongguan San (Pass-the-Gate Powder), Kaiguan San (Open-the-Gate Powder), Nasal Fumigation Method, Jie Yu Fa (Method to Restore Speech)
3. Tongguan San consists of Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema Cum Bile), Zao Jiao (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit), Xi Xin (Asarum), Bo He (Mentha Haplocalyx), and Sheng Ban Xia (Pinellia Rhizoma Recens). Kaiguan San consists of Wu Mei Rou (Mume Fructus Flesh), Bing Pian (Borneolum Syntheticum), and Sheng Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizoma Recens). Castor oil paper rolled with Zao Jiao powder is burned for nasal fumigation. Turtle urine applied under the tongue treats difficulty in speech.
[Note] Tongguan San: Arisaema Cum Bile, Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit, Asarum, Mentha Haplocalyx, and Pinellia Rhizoma Recens are ground into powder and insufflated into the nose; if sneezing occurs, the condition is treatable. Kaiguan San: Mume Fructus Flesh, Borneolum Syntheticum, and Arisaema Rhizoma Recens are ground into powder and rubbed on the teeth to open trismus. Castor oil paper rolled with Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit powder is burned, and the smoke is inhaled to restore consciousness. Applying turtle urine under the tongue facilitates speech.
Sansheng San (Three Saints Powder), Goudi San (Melon Seed Powder), Quanxie San (Scorpion Powder), Wuyuan San (Five Origins Powder), Bafan Wan (Croton-Alum Pill)
4. For absence of sweating, use Sansheng San (Fang Feng, Libi, Gou Ti) for vomiting/emesis. For presence of sweating, use Goudi San (Gou Ti, Vigna Angularis) or Quanxie San (Goudi San plus Scorpio). For heavy cases, use Wuyuan San (Libi, Vigna Angularis, Bai Fan, Zao Jiao, Dan Fan). For phlegm obstruction, use Bafan Wan (Ba Dou, Ku Bai Fan) for emesis.
[Note] With excessive phlegm-saliva and exterior excess (no sweating), use Sansheng San (Saposhnikoviae Radix, Veratrum Viride Rhizoma, Cucumis Melo Var. Flexuosus Fructus) to induce emesis. With interior excess (sweating present), use Goudi San (Cucumis Melo Var. Flexuosus Fructus, Vigna Angularis); or Quanxie San (Goudi San plus Scorpio) to induce emesis. These are mild emetic agents. In severe cases, use Wuyuan San (Veratrum Viride Rhizoma, Vigna Angularis, Alum, Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit, Chalcanthite). Bafan Wan consists of Crotonis Fructus and Calcined Alum, used to induce emesis.
Wuyao Shunqi San
5. Wuyao Shunqi San treats Excess Syndrome of Wind invading the Collaterals, characterized by facial deviation, numbness, and pain in bone joints due to wind. Ingredients include Ma Huang, Zhi Ke, Jie Geng, Wu Yao, Jiang Can, Bai Zhi, Gan Jiang, Chen Pi, Gan Cao, Chuan Xiong.
[Note] "Excess syndrome of wind invading collaterals" refers to individuals with robust constitution affected by wind pathogens in the collaterals. "Facial deviation" refers to crooked mouth and eyes. "Numbness" refers to insensitivity of skin and flesh. "Wind-injected pain" refers to pain in bone joints caused by wind attacking. This formula contains Saposhnikoviae Radix, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Platycodonis Radix, Linderae Radix, Bombyx Batryticatus, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Tangerine Peel, Dried Ginger, Licorice Root, and Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma.
Da Qin Jiao Tang
6. Da Qin Jiao Tang treats Deficiency Syndrome of Wind invading the Collaterals, characterized by facial deviation and hemiplegia. It is based on Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) minus Ren Shen, adding Qin Jiao, Sheng Di Huang, Shi Gao, Qiang Huo, Du Huo, Bai Zhi, Fang Feng, Xi Xin, and Huang Qin.
[Note] "Deficiency syndrome of wind invading collaterals" refers to individuals with weak constitution affected by wind pathogens in the collaterals. "Hemiplegia" refers to paralysis of half the body. "Minus Ren Shen [from Bazhen Tang]" means removing Ginseng Radix from the Eight Treasures Decoction and adding Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Gypsum Fibrosum, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Lepidii Semen, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, and Scutellariae Radix. Hemiplegia is a syndrome of wind invading the meridians but is treatable because this formula nourishes blood and benefits sinews, serving as a conditioning agent for chronic wind diseases.
Huangu Dan
7. For Excess Syndrome of Wind invading the Meridians, Huangu Dan is indicated for facial deviation and paralysis. Ingredients include Bai Zhi, Chuan Xiong, Fang Feng, Bing Pian, She Xiang, Zhu Sha, Mu Xiang, Huai Jiao, Ku Shen, Wu Wei Zi, Ling Zhi Xian, Ren Shen, Ma Huang Gao, He Shou Wu, Man Jing Zi, Cang Zhu, Sang Bai Pi.
[Note] "Excess syndrome of wind invading meridians" refers to individuals with robust constitution affected by wind pathogens in the meridians. Paralysis (Tan) refers to left-side immobility; flaccidity (Huan) refers to right-side immobility. Huangu Dan consists of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Borneolum Syntheticum, Moschus, Cinnabaris, Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, Sophorae Fructus, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, Sparagii Ramulus, Ginseng Radix, Ephedrae Herba Paste, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, Viticis Fructus, Atractylodis Rhizoma, and Morus Albae Cortex Radix. Ma Huang Gao is made by boiling Ephedrae Herba into a paste, mixed with other herbs into pills, and coated with Cinnabaris.
8. Xiao Xuming Tang treats Deficiency Syndrome of Wind affecting meridians and collaterals, effective for Eight Winds and Five Bi syndromes. Ma Huang, Xing Ren, Gui Zhi, and Bai Shao harmonize Ying and Wei. Ren Shen, Gan Cao, Dang Gui, and Chuan Xiong promote Qi and Blood. Fang Feng addresses Wind excess; Huang Qin addresses Heat excess; Fu Zi addresses Cold excess. Add Shi Gao and Zhi Mu in spring/summer; increase Gui Zhi and Fu Zi in autumn/winter.
[Note] "Deficiency of meridians" refers to individuals with weak constitution affected by wind pathogens in meridians and collaterals. "Eight Winds" refers to pathogenic winds from eight directions. "Five Bi" is detailed in the Bi Syndrome Essentials section.
Huangqi Wuwu Tang
9. Huangqi Wuwu Tang treats Deficiency Syndrome of Wind affecting meridians, characterized by hemiplegia, weakness, and flaccid paralysis. Clear mind with slurred speech due to soft tongue indicates deficiency; stiff tongue with turbid spirit indicates Fire-Phlegm. Bu Wei (Tonify Defensive Qi) uses Huang Qi (to restore movement); Yi Ying (Nourish Nutritive Qi) uses Gui Zhi, Bai Shao, Da Zao, and Sheng Jiang. Add Dang Gui for left-sided symptoms; add Niu Xi for knee weakness; add Gu Jia for bone weakness; add Mu Gua for tendon stiffness; add Pao Fu Zi for meridian blockage or cold.
[Note] Huangqi Wuwu Tang treats hemiplegia caused by deficiency inviting wind into meridians and collaterals. However, if the patient has a stiff tongue, difficulty speaking, and unclear spirit, it is a Phlegm-Water disease, and this formula is unsuitable. If the mind is clear, speech is slurred, and the tongue is soft and weak, it is a deficiency of Ying and Wei, and this formula is appropriate. The Classic states: "Deficiency of Wei leads to immobility; deficiency of Ying leads to insensitivity." This formula uses Huang Qi as the sovereign herb to tonify Wei and restore movement; Gui Zhi and Bai Shao as minister herbs to nourish Ying and treat insensitivity; Sheng Jiang and Da Zao as assistant herbs to harmonize Ying and Wei. Insensitivity and immobility on the right belong to Qi; increase Huang Qi. On the left, they belong to Blood; add Dang Gui. Softness in both legs and knees requires Niu Xi. Bone weakness requiring inability to stand long requires Gu Jia. Tendon stiffness requiring difficulty in flexion and extension requires Mu Gua. Blockage in meridians on either side of the body requires Pao Fu Zi, also added for cold. This formula is highly effective, focusing on tonifying the exterior; thus, it does not use Ren Shen to tonify the interior or Gan Cao to tonify the middle.
Sanhua Tang, Soushun Fengqi Wan
10. Sanhua Tang treats Excess Syndrome of Wind invading the Fu organs, characterized by coma and constipation/fullness. Use Xiao Cheng Qi Tang plus Qiang Huo. For combined Qi and Form deficiency and Wind-Dryness, use Soushun Fengqi Wan for natural recovery.
[Note] "Excess syndrome of wind invading Fu organs" refers to individuals with robust constitution affected by wind pathogens in the Fu organs. "Coma" refers to loss of consciousness. "Constipation and fullness" refers to obstruction of bowel and bladder with abdominal distension. Xiao Cheng Qiang refers to Xiao Cheng Qi Tang (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) plus Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, which constitutes Sanhua Tang. If the patient has combined Qi and Form deficiency, treat slowly with Soushun Fengqi Wan for natural recovery. Chronic wind patients often have dry stools, called Wind-Dryness. Over-sweating with Xuming Tang or over-purging with Sanhua Tang can deplete fluids, causing dryness. For any disease involving meridians, collaterals, Zang, or Fu organs, if there is bowel/bladder obstruction and insufficient Qi/Form making purgatives intolerable, this method is suitable to search out wind from the six Fu organs and regulate Qi in the intestines and stomach, allowing normal bowel and bladder function.
Niuhuang Qingxin Wan
11. Niuhuang Qingxin Wan treats Excess Syndrome of Wind invading the Zang organs, characterized by phlegm obstruction, coma, aphasia, facial deviation, robust Qi/Form, clenched hands, and locked jaw.
[Note] Niuhuang Qingxin Wan treats individuals with wind pathogens invading the Zang organs and robust constitution. Symptoms include excessive phlegm-saliva, coma, aphasia, facial deviation, fullness of Qi and Form, clenched hands, and emergency locking of the jaw (Closed Syndrome). It is suitable for these conditions.
Shenfu Tang
12. Shenfu Tang treats Deficiency Syndrome of Wind invading the Zang organs, characterized by relaxed lips, drooling, aphasia, coma, hemiplegia. If Five Collapse Syndromes appear, double the dose of Ren Shen.
[Note] Shenfu Tang consists of Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata. It treats individuals with wind pathogens invading the Zang organs and weak constitution. Symptoms include relaxed lips, flowing phlegm-saliva, coma, aphasia, hemiplegia, or simultaneous appearance of Five Collapse Syndromes. Use a large dose of Ginseng Radix first to secure against collapse, then treat the wind pathogen.
Qianjin Huanhun Tang
13. Qianjin Huanhun Tang treats Closed Syndrome of meridians/collaterals from sudden evil attack, characterized by rapid breathing, coma, unawareness, no sweating, spasms, and unilateral body pain. Ingredients include Rou Gui, Ma Huang, Gan Cao, Xing Ren.
[Note] "Closed syndrome of meridians/collaterals" refers to closed syndrome from wind pathogens invading meridians and collaterals. "Rapid breathing" refers to coarse breathing. No sweating, limb spasms, and unilateral body pain indicate exterior pathogenic closure. Use Cinnamomi Cortex, Ephedrae Herba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Huanhun Tang) to open the exterior.
Duoming Tang
14. Duoming Tang treats Closed Syndrome of Zang/Fu organs, characterized by abdominal fullness, constipation, coma, trismus, and phlegm knotting in the throat. When urgent and oral medicines cannot be swallowed, use Duoming Tang (Ba Dou, Bai Zhi, Ban Xia, Ting Li, Sheng Nan Xing).
[Note] "Closed syndrome of Zang/Fu organs" refers to closed syndrome from wind pathogens invading Zang and Fu organs. "Abdominal fullness and closure" refers to abdominal distension and obstruction of bowels and bladder. Accompanied by coma, locked jaw, and phlegm stuck in the throat preventing swallowing, use emetic/purgative methods. Ingredients: Crotonis Fructus, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Lepidii Semen, and Arisaema Rhizoma Recens.
Sansheng Yin
15. Sansheng Yin treats Wind-Cold Stroke, characterized by reversal cold, deep/faint pulse, and Qi-Phlegm. Sheng Nan Xing, Sheng Chuan Wu, Sheng Fu Zi, and Mu Xiang are used raw. Add Ren Shen for Qi deficiency; double Ren Shen for extreme deficiency approaching collapse.
[Note] "Wind-Cold stroke" refers to wind pathogens invading the Zang organs causing cold, regardless of meridians or collaterals. "Reversal cold" refers to cold limbs. "Deep and faint" refers to deep and hidden pulses throughout the six positions. This formula uses raw Arisaema Rhizoma Recens, raw Aconitum Carmichaelii Radix, raw Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, and Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum. It is suitable only for severe cold with robust Qi. Add Ginseng Radix for Qi deficiency; double the dose for extreme deficiency approaching collapse to avoid adverse reactions.
Qufeng Zhibao Tang
16. Qufeng Zhibao Tang treats Wind-Heat Stroke, characterized by floating/rapid pulse, red face, heat, and irritability. Modify Fangfeng Tongsheng San by adding Quan Xie, Tian Ma, Xi Xin, Bai Fu Zi, Qiang Huo, Du Huo, Huang Lian, Huang Bai, and Jiang Can.
[Note] "Wind-Heat stroke" refers to wind pathogens invading the Fu organs causing heat, regardless of meridians or collaterals. "Floating and rapid" refers to floating and rapid pulses. "Heat and irritability" refers to fever and mental restlessness. "Tongsheng" refers to Fangfeng Tongsheng San. Added ingredients: Scorpio, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Typhonii Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Lepidii Semen, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, and Bombyx Batryticatus. Fangfeng Tongsheng San is detailed in the Cold Damage chapter.
Qingzhou Baiwanzi
17. Qingzhou Baiwanzi treats Wind-Phlegm Stroke, characterized by facial deviation, paralysis, and excessive phlegm-saliva. It is also excellent for pediatric convulsive phlegm. Ingredients include Bai Fu Zi, Chuan Wu, Nan Xing, Ban Xia.
[Note] "Wind-Phlegm stroke" refers to wind pathogens invading the exterior with phlegm-fluid retention, regardless of meridians or collaterals. "Excessive phlegm-saliva" refers to surging phlegm-saliva. This formula consists of processed Typhonii Rhizoma, processed Aconitum Carmichaelii Radix, processed Arisaema Rhizoma, and processed Pinelliae Rhizoma, made into pills.
Qianghuo Yufeng Tang
18. Qianghuo Yufeng Tang treats external wind invasion, characterized by limb weakness, difficulty speaking, muscle twitching, and insensitivity. Modify Da Qin Jiao Tang by adding Ren Shen, Guan Gui, Huang Qi, Du Zhong, Fang Ji, Zhi Mu, Zhi Ke, Chai Hu, Bo He, Man Jing Zi, Ju Hua, Qian Hu, Cang Zhu, Ma Huang, Ban Xia, Hou Po, Gou Qi, and Gu Pi.
[Note] "Treating external invasion" refers to diseases where wind enters from the exterior. There are always prodromal signs, such as limb weakness, slurred speech, occasional muscle twitching, and numbness/immobility of the thumb and index finger. This formula is appropriate. "Modifying Da Qin Jiao Tang" means adding Ginseng Radix, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Astragali Membranacei Radix, Eucommiae Cortex, Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Bupleuri Radix, Mentha Haplocalyx, Viticis Fructus, Chrysanthemi Flos, Peucedani Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Ephedrae Herba, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Lycii Cortex, and Lycii Bark to Da Qin Jiao Tang. "Conditioning various wind syndromes ensures peace" means that when internal pathogens are nearly eliminated and external pathogens fading, taking this medicine conditions the meridians, eventually expelling major wind, separating clear and turbid, and restoring Ying and Wei balance.
Qingre Huatan Tang
19. Qingre Huatan Tang treats internally generated conditions, characterized by short attention, erratic speech, dizziness, and weak legs. It modifies Liu Jun Zi Tang with Mai Dong, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, Shi Chang Pu, Zhi Shi, Zhu Ru, Nan Xing, and Mu Xiang.
[Note] "Internally generated" refers to diseases of internal Phlegm-Fire. Prodromal signs include short attention, erratic speech, upper excess/lower deficiency, dizziness, and weak legs. This formula consists of Ginseng Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Tangerine Peel, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Ophiopogonis Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Typhonii Rhizoma, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Bambusae Mesocarp, Arisaema Rhizoma, and Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum.
Dihuang Yinzi
20. Limb immobility without pain is Fei; hemiplegia with pain is Pian Gu. If speech and will remain unchanged, the pathogen is shallow in the subcutaneous layer; Huangqi Wuwu Tang can treat it. Severe inability to speak is Yin-Fei, indicating organ invasion and poor prognosis. Dihuang Yinzi contains Shu Di Huang, Rou Gui, Fu Zi, Rou Cong Rong, Ba Ji Tian, Yuan Zhi, Shan Zhu Yu, Shi Hu, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Bo He, Shi Chang Pu, and Fu Ling.
[Note] Fei, Pian Gu, and Yin-Fei are all caused by external wind invasion but vary in severity and depth. Fei refers to limb immobility without pain. Pian Gu refers to hemiplegia with pain. If speech and will remain unchanged, the pathogen is shallow, located between the subcutaneous layer, Ying, and Wei; Huangqi Wuwu Tang nourishes Ying and Wei and dispels wind. Severe cases with inability to speak, confusion, and coma are Yin-Fei, caused by Kidney deficiency and internal depletion, with Shaoyin failing to reach and causing reversal; the pathogen has entered the Zang organs, hence poor prognosis. Dihuang Yinzi treats Kidney deficiency and internal depletion. Ingredients: Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, Cinnamon Twig, Processed Aconite Root, Cistanche Stem, Morinda Root, Polygala Tuber, Cornus Fruit, Dendrobium Stem, Ophiopogon Tuber, Schisandra Fruit, Mint, Acorus Tuber, and Poria.
Ditan Tang
21. Ditan Tang treats internally generated conditions confusing the Heart orifice, characterized by stiff tongue and difficulty speaking. Combine with Wendan Tang; add Huang Qin and Huang Lian for heat excess; use Mengshi Tun Tan Wan for coma and constipation.
[Note] "Internally generated" refers to internal Phlegm-Fire confusing the Heart orifice, causing mental恍惚 and stiff tongue. Ditan Tang combines Ginseng Radix, Acorus Tuber, and Arisaema Rhizoma with Wendan Tang. Wendan Tang consists of Tangerine Peel, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Poria, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Bambusae Mesocarp, and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus. Add Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma for heat excess. For obstruction of both bowels and bladder, use Mengshi Tun Tan Wan to purge.