审儿之病贵详参，要在安烦苦欲间，能食不食渴不渴，二便调和通秘勘，
发热无汗为表病，内热便□作里看，安烦昼夜阴阳证，若欲冷暖定热寒，
能食不食胃壮弱，渴与不渴胃热干，便稠粘秽为滞热，尿清不赤乃寒占，
耳尻肢凉知痘疹，指梢发冷主惊痫，肚腹热闷乃内热，四肢厥冷是中寒，
眉皱曲啼腹作痛，风热来临耳热缠，腹痛须按软与□，喜按不喜虚实参，
欲保赤子诚心辨，对证施方治不难。
[注]
小儿有病，贵乎详审，先问起居安烦苦欲何知，
次问饮食能食不食，渴与不渴，
又次问二便或通或柲，而后病源可识矣，
如发热无汗，此邪在表也，
内热便□，此邪在里也，
安烦者，谓昼若烦热而夜安静，是阳旺于阳分，其病在阳，
若夜烦热而昼安静，是阳陷于阴分，其病在阴，
若欲者，喜冷恶热皆属阳病，故为热也，
喜热恶冷皆属阴病，故为寒也，
胃壮者能食，胃弱者不能食，
胃干燥者口渴，胃湿盛者口不渴，
至于大使稠粘，秽气难闻者，是内有滞热，从热化也，
小便清白不赤为虚寒，从寒化也，
若耳梢冷，尻骨冷，四肢发冷者，此痘疹欲发之候，
如单指梢发冷者，此惊痫将作之征，
肚腹热闷主内热，手足厥冷主中寒，
小儿无故皱眉，曲腰啼叫者，主内因腹痛也，
两耳常常发热者，主外因风热也，
然腹痛又当按其或软与□，若喜接者为虚，不喜接者为实，
保赤者须诚心勘问，对证施治，庶随手奏效矣。
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审查小儿的疾病，贵在详细参详，关键在于观察其烦躁安宁、痛苦与欲望的表现。能吃不能吃、口渴不口渴，大小便通畅或秘结的情况，都需要仔细勘察。
发热且无汗，属于表证；体内有热且大便异常（注：原文缺字，据注释推断为“不利”或类似含义），属于里证。白天烦躁夜间安静，是阳证；夜间烦躁白天安静，是阴证。喜欢寒冷还是温暖，可以确定病性的热或寒。
能进食说明胃气强盛，不能进食说明胃气虚弱；口渴说明胃中有热且津液干燥，不渴说明胃中湿气盛。大便稠粘秽臭，是有积滞之热，属于热化；小便清亮不红，是虚寒，属于寒化。
耳垂、尾骶骨和四肢发凉，预示痘疹即将发出；仅指尖发冷，预示惊痫即将发作。肚腹闷热是内热，四肢厥冷是中寒。
眉头紧皱、弯腰啼哭，是腹部疼痛；风热来袭时耳朵发热缠绕。腹痛需要按压，看腹部软硬，喜欢按压的是虚证，不喜欢按压的是实证。
想要保全赤子（婴儿）的健康，必须诚心辨别，针对证候施以方药，治疗就不难了。
[注]
小儿患病，贵在详细审察。先询问起居情况，以及烦躁安宁、痛苦与欲望的表现，以此推断病因；其次询问饮食，是能进食还是不能进食，口渴还是不口渴；再次询问大小便，是通畅还是秘结，这样就能识别病源了。
例如发热无汗，这是邪气在表；体内有热且大便异常，这是邪气在里。
所谓“安烦”，是指白天烦躁发热而夜间安静，这是阳气旺盛于阳分，病在阳经；如果是夜间烦躁发热而白天安静，这是阳气陷入阴分，病在阴经。
所谓“欲”，是指喜冷恶热都属于阳病，所以是热证；喜热恶冷都属于阴病，所以是寒证。
胃气强壮的人能进食，胃气虚弱的人不能进食；胃干燥的人口渴，胃湿盛的人口不渴。
至于大便稠粘，气味秽臭难闻的，是内有积滞之热，从热化；小便清白不红的，是虚寒，从寒化。
如果耳梢冷、尾骶骨冷、四肢发冷的，这是痘疹将要发出的征兆；如果仅仅是指尖发冷的，这是惊痫将要发作的征象。
小儿无故皱眉、弯腰啼叫的，主因内部腹痛；两耳常常发热的，主因外部风热。
然而腹痛还需要按压腹部，看其软硬。如果喜欢被按压的是虚证，不喜欢被按压的是实证。
保全婴儿健康者，必须诚心询问勘察，针对证候施治，这样才能随手取得疗效。
The examination of a child's illness requires detailed investigation, focusing primarily on observing their state of agitation or calmness, discomfort, and desires. One must carefully assess whether the child can eat or not, whether they are thirsty or not, and whether their bowel movements and urination are unobstructed or constipated.
Fever accompanied by an absence of sweating indicates a Exterior syndrome (Biao Bing). Internal heat coupled with abnormal bowel movements indicates an Interior syndrome (Li Bing). Agitation during the day but calmness at night signifies a Yang syndrome; agitation at night but calmness during the day signifies a Yin syndrome. Preference for cold over heat determines a Heat pattern; preference for warmth over cold determines a Cold pattern.
The ability to eat suggests strong Stomach Qi; inability to eat suggests weak Stomach Qi. Thirst indicates Stomach Heat and dryness; lack of thirst indicates excess Dampness in the Stomach. Thick, sticky, and foul-smelling stools indicate internal stagnation-heat, transforming from heat. Clear, non-red urine indicates deficiency-cold, transforming from cold.
Coldness at the earlobes, sacrum, and limbs heralds the eruption of smallpox/variolous rash. Coldness specifically at the fingertips signals impending convulsions or epilepsy. A hot and stuffy abdomen indicates internal heat; cold extremities (Jue Leng) indicate central cold.
Frowning and crying while bending the waist indicate abdominal pain. Heat and entanglement in the ears indicate the approach of Wind-Heat. Abdominal pain should be assessed by palpation regarding softness or hardness: preference for pressure indicates a Deficiency pattern; aversion to pressure indicates an Excess pattern.
To preserve the health of infants, one must sincerely and thoroughly differentiate the condition. Prescribing formulas according to the syndrome makes treatment straightforward.
[Annotation]
In pediatric diseases, meticulous examination is paramount. First, inquire about daily life routines, as well as states of agitation/calmness and discomfort/desires, to infer the cause. Second, ask about diet: whether the child eats or refuses food, and whether they are thirsty or not. Third, ask about excretion: whether bowel movements and urination are free-flowing or obstructed. Only then can the source of the disease be identified.
For instance, fever without sweating indicates pathogenic factors in the Exterior. Internal heat with abnormal stool indicates pathogenic factors in the Interior.
"Agitation/Calmness" refers to daytime agitation/heat with nighttime calmness, indicating Yang Qi flourishing in the Yang aspect, thus the disease is in the Yang. Conversely, nighttime agitation/heat with daytime calmness indicates Yang Qi sinking into the Yin aspect, thus the disease is in the Yin.
"Desire" refers to preferences: liking cold and disliking heat belongs to Yang diseases, hence it is a Heat pattern; liking heat and disliking cold belongs to Yin diseases, hence it is a Cold pattern.
Those with strong Stomach function can eat; those with weak Stomach function cannot eat. Those with dry Stomach fluids feel thirsty; those with abundant Stomach Dampness do not feel thirsty.
Regarding large stools that are thick, sticky, and foul-smelling, this indicates internal stagnation-heat, transforming via heat. Clear, white, non-red urine indicates deficiency-cold, transforming via cold.
If the ear tips, sacrum, and limbs are cold, this is a sign that the rash (smallpox/chickenpox) is about to erupt. If only the fingertips are cold, this is a sign that convulsions or epilepsy are about to manifest.
A hot and stuffy abdomen indicates internal heat; cold hands and feet indicate central cold.
Children who frown and cry while bending their waists without apparent cause typically suffer from internal abdominal pain. Children whose ears are frequently hot typically suffer from external Wind-Heat.
However, abdominal pain must also be evaluated by palpation for softness or hardness. Preference for being pressed indicates a Deficiency pattern; aversion to being pressed indicates an Excess pattern.
Those seeking to protect infants must sincerely inquire and investigate, prescribing treatments based on the specific syndrome, thereby ensuring immediate efficacy.