【方歌】督脉起于尻骨端,后行脊背腰脑巅,前行鼻柱皆中道,
唇内齿上龈缝间。
【注】督脉起于尻骨之端,由尻骨后行脊背之中行,上行至巅
顶之中,前行至鼻下人中,至唇内门牙之中缝而终。
【方歌】脉为血脉百骸通,大会之地寸口宗,掌后高骨名关上,
关之前后寸尺名。
【注】脉者血之府也。周身血脉,运行贯通,十二经中,皆有
动脉。独取寸口者,盖以其经每至寅时,各经之气皆上
朝而大会于肺,故曰寸口宗也。掌后有高骨隆起,界于
尺脉、寸脉之间,名曰关部。关前之位,其名曰寸;关
后之位,其名曰尺。尺、寸者,谓从关上至鱼际长一寸
,从关下至尺泽长一尺,故名之也。
【方歌】上焦候寸下焦尺,中焦之候属两关,包络与心左寸应,
胆与肝家在左关,膀胱小肠肾左尺,胸中及肺右寸间,
胃与脾脉右关取,大肠并肾右尺班。
【注】两寸之脉,主候上焦胸中;两关之脉,主候中焦膈中;
两尺之脉,主候下焦腹中。左寸之脉,浮候包络,沈以
候心;左关之脉,浮以候胆,沈以候肝;左尺之脉,浮
候膀胱、小肠,沈以候肾。右寸之脉,浮候胸中,沈以
候肺;右关之脉,浮以候胃,沈以候脾;右尺之脉,浮
候大肠,沈亦候肾。此遵《内经》分配三部诊脉法也。
伪诀以大肠、小肠配寸,三焦、命门配尺,包络竟置不
问,悉属不经。滑寿以左尺候小肠、膀胱,右尺候大肠
。千古只眼也,当从之。
【方歌】督脉起始于尾骨末端,向后沿脊柱、背部、腰部、脑部上行至头顶,向前沿鼻梁正中下行,止于上唇内侧门牙之间的牙龈缝隙处。
【注】督脉起始于尾骨的末端,从尾骨后方沿脊柱正中向上行走,到达头顶正中,向前行至鼻下的人中穴,最终终止于上唇内门牙中间的缝隙。
【方歌】脉是血脉,贯通全身百骸,寸口是脉气大会汇聚之处。手掌后方的高骨名为“关”,关的前面称为“寸”,后面称为“尺”。
【注】脉是血液汇聚的府库。周身血脉运行贯通,在十二经脉中都有动脉搏动。唯独选取寸口诊脉,是因为每至寅时,各经的气血都向上朝会并大会于肺,所以称寸口为宗脉。手掌后方有高骨隆起,位于尺脉和寸脉之间,称为关部。关前面的位置,名称叫寸;关后面的位置,名称叫尺。“尺”和“寸”的名称由来,是指从关上部位到鱼际穴长约一寸,从关下部位到尺泽穴长约一尺,因此得名。
【方歌】上焦的脉候在寸部,下焦的脉候在尺部,中焦的脉候属于左右两关。心包络与心脏对应左寸,胆与肝对应左关,膀胱、小肠与肾对应左尺;胸中与肺对应右寸,胃与脾对应右关,大肠与肾对应右尺。
【注】左右两寸的脉象,主要候察上焦胸中的状况;左右两关的脉象,主要候察中焦膈中的状况;左右两尺的脉象,主要候察下焦腹中的状况。左寸脉,轻取(浮)候心包络,重按(沉)候心脏;左关脉,轻取(浮)候胆,重按(沉)候肝;左尺脉,轻取(浮)候膀胱和小肠,重按(沉)候肾。右寸脉,轻取(浮)候胸中,重按(沉)候肺;右关脉,轻取(浮)候胃,重按(沉)候脾;右尺脉,轻取(浮)候大肠,重按(沉)也候肾。这是遵循《黄帝内经》分配三部诊脉法的原则。伪托的诀文中将大肠、小肠配属寸部,三焦、命门配属尺部,完全忽略心包络,都属于不正确的说法。滑寿认为左尺候小肠、膀胱,右尺候大肠,这是千古以来的独到见解,应当遵从他的观点。
[Formula Song] The Du Mai (Governing Vessel) originates at the end of the sacrococcygeal region, travels posteriorly along the midline of the spine, back, waist, and brain to the vertex. Anteriorly, it follows the midline of the nose, terminating in the gum cleft between the upper central incisors inside the lips.
[Annotation] The Du Mai (Governing Vessel) originates at the end of the coccyx, travels posteriorly along the midline of the spine, ascends to the center of the vertex, moves anteriorly to the philtrum below the nose, and finally terminates in the midline cleft between the upper central incisors inside the lips.
[Formula Song] The Mai (Pulse) is the vessel of blood, connecting all bones and tissues throughout the body. The Cun Kou (Inch Port) is the great convergence point. The prominent bone behind the palm is named Guan (Gate). The positions anterior and posterior to the Guan are named Cun (Inch) and Chi (Cubit), respectively.
[Annotation] The Mai (Pulse) is the residence of blood. Blood vessels throughout the body run and connect; among the Twelve Primary Meridians, each has an arterial pulse. The reason for exclusively selecting the Cun Kou (Inch Port) is that every day at the Yin hour (3:00–5:00 AM), the Qi of all meridians ascends and converges at the Lung. Hence, it is called the Zong (Chief/Ancestor) of the Cun Kou. There is a prominent bone behind the palm, situated between the Chi Mai (Cubit Pulse) and the Cun Mai (Inch Pulse), known as the Guan (Gate) section. The position anterior to the Guan is named Cun (Inch); the position posterior to the Guan is named Chi (Cubit). The names Cun and Chi refer to the distances: from the Guan upward to the Thenar Eminence (Yu Ji) is approximately one Cun (Inch), and from the Guan downward to the Chize point is approximately one Chi (Cubit), hence the names.
[Formula Song] The Upper Jiao (Triple Burner) is reflected at the Cun (Inch) position, the Lower Jiao (Triple Burner) at the Chi (Cubit) position, and the Middle Jiao (Triple Burner) at the two Guan (Gate) positions. The Pericardium and Heart correspond to the Left Cun (Inch); the Gallbladder and Liver correspond to the Left Guan (Gate); the Bladder, Small Intestine, and Kidney correspond to the Left Chi (Cubit). The Chest and Lung correspond to the Right Cun (Inch); the Stomach and Spleen are taken at the Right Guan (Gate); the Large Intestine and Kidney correspond to the Right Chi (Cubit).
[Annotation] The pulses at the two Cun (Inch) positions primarily reflect the condition of the Upper Jiao (Triple Burner) and the chest. The pulses at the two Guan (Gate) positions primarily reflect the condition of the Middle Jiao (Triple Burner) and the diaphragm. The pulses at the two Chi (Cubit) positions primarily reflect the condition of the Lower Jiao (Triple Burner) and the abdomen. For the Left Cun (Inch) pulse, superficial palpation (Fu) reflects the Pericardium, while deep palpation (Chen) reflects the Heart. For the Left Guan (Gate) pulse, superficial palpation (Fu) reflects the Gallbladder, while deep palpation (Chen) reflects the Liver. For the Left Chi (Cubit) pulse, superficial palpation (Fu) reflects the Bladder and Small Intestine, while deep palpation (Chen) reflects the Kidney. For the Right Cun (Inch) pulse, superficial palpation (Fu) reflects the Chest, while deep palpation (Chen) reflects the Lung. For the Right Guan (Gate) pulse, superficial palpation (Fu) reflects the Stomach, while deep palpation (Chen) reflects the Spleen. For the Right Chi (Cubit) pulse, superficial palpation (Fu) reflects the Large Intestine, while deep palpation (Chen) also reflects the Kidney. This follows the San Bu (Three Sections) pulse diagnosis method assigned in the Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon). Pseudo-recipes assign the Large Intestine and Small Intestine to the Cun (Inch) positions, and the Triple Burner and Mingmen (Gate of Life) to the Chi (Cubit) positions, completely ignoring the Pericardium; these are all incorrect theories. Hua Shou argued that the Left Chi (Cubit) should reflect the Small Intestine and Bladder, and the Right Chi (Cubit) should reflect the Large Intestine. This is a unique insight through the ages and should be followed.