3.后天之治本血气, 先天之治法阴阳, 肾肝心肺治在后, 脾损之法
同内伤.
【注】后天脾胃水谷生化荣卫, 故治法本乎气血. 先天肾脏精气生化
之原, 故治法本乎阴阳. 五脏虚损治法, 俱在于后, 而脾脏虚损治法
巳载内伤, 故曰同内伤也.
拯阴理劳汤
4.阴虚火动用拯阴, 皮寒骨蒸咳嗽侵, 食少痰多烦少气, 生脉归芍
地板贞. 薏苡橘丹连合草, 汗多不寐加枣仁, 燥痰桑贝湿苓半, 阿胶
咳血骨热深.
【注】此方即人参, 麦冬, 五味, 当归, 白芍, 生地, 龟板, 女贞,
薏苡, 橘红, 丹皮, 莲子, 百合, 炙草也. 汗多不寐, 俱加枣仁. 咳
而嗽痰, 加桑皮, 贝母. 嗽而湿痰, 加茯苓, 半夏. 咳嗽, 咯血, 加
阿胶. 骨蒸热深, 加地骨皮也.
拯阳理劳汤
5.阳虚气弱用拯阳, 倦怠恶烦劳则张, 表热自汗身酸痛, 减去升柴
补中方, 更添桂味寒加附, 泻入升柴诃蔻香, 夏咳减桂加麦味, 冬咳
不减味干姜.
【注】此汤即人参, 黄耆, 炙草, 白术, 陈皮, 肉桂, 当归, 五味子
也.倦怠, 懒于动也, 恶烦劳动, 则气张而喘乏也. 恶寒加附子; 泄
泻仍入升麻, 柴胡, 更加诃子, 肉蔻, 木香也. 夏月咳嗽, 减肉桂加
麦冬, 五味子; 冬月咳嗽, 不减肉桂, 更加五味子, 干姜也.
六味地黄汤 都气汤 七味地黄汤 生脉地黄汤 桂附地黄汤 知柏
地黄汤 金匮肾气汤
6.肾虚午热形消瘦, 水泛为痰津液伤, 咳嗽盗汗失精血, 消汤淋浊
口咽疮, 熟地药萸丹苓泽, 加味劳嗽都气汤, 引火归元加肉桂, 火妄
刑金生脉良. 桂附益火消阴翳, 知柏壮水制阳光 , 车牛桂附名肾气,
阳虚水肿淋浊方.
【注】午热, 午后发热也. 水泛为痰, 谓日食饮食所化津液, 肾虚不
能摄水, 泛上为痰也. 盗汗, 谓睡而汗出, 觉而即止之汗也. 失精,
遗精也. 消渴, 谓饮水而即消, 渴仍不止也. 淋者, 尿淋漓不利也.
浊者, 尿之前后有浊液也. 口咽生疮, 虚火炎也. 均宜六味地黄汤治
之.劳嗽加味, 谓加五味子, 名都气汤也. 引火归原加肉桂, 名七味
地黄汤. 火妄刑金加生脉饮, 名生脉地黄汤. 桂附, 谓加肉桂, 附子
.知柏, 谓加知母, 黄柏. 车牛桂附, 谓加车前, 牛膝, 肉桂, 附
子,名桂附, 知柏肾气等汤也.
大补阴丸 滋阴降火汤
7.大补阴丸制壮火, 滋阴降火救伤金, 龟板知柏地髓剂, 二冬归芍
草砂仁, 咳加百味汗地骨, 血痰金贝虚耆参, 虚热无汗宜散火, 有汗
骨蒸亦补阴.
【注】阴虚火旺, 无水以制, 宜用大补阴丸滋水制火. 方即龟板, 知
母,黄柏, 生地, 为末, 猪脊髓炼蜜为丸. 若火旺无制, 妄行伤金,
肺痰咳嗽, 宜用滋阴降火汤救其伤金. 方即大补阴丸加麦冬, 天冬,
当归, 白芍, 炙草, 缩砂. 咳甚加百合, 五味子, 盗汗加地骨皮, 咯
血加郁金, 痰多加川贝母, 气虚加人参, 黄耆. 凡虚热如火烙手, 无
汗者为火郁, 宜升阳散火汤, 有汗者为骨蒸, 亦宜大补阴丸及滋阴六
黄等汤也.
保元汤
8.一切气虚保元汤, 耆外参内草中央, 加桂能生命门气, 痘疮灰陷
与清浆.
【注】保元汤, 即人参, 黄耆, 炙草也. 黄耆补表气, 人参补里气,
炙草补中气, 加肉桂能生命门真气, 且能治小儿痘疮灰白, 顶陷, 清
浆.
四君子汤 五味异功汤 六君子汤 七味白术散 四兽饮
9.脾胃气虚四君子, 脉软形衰面白黄, 倦怠懒言食少气, 参苓术草
枣姜强. 气滞加陈异功散, 有痰橘半六君汤, 肌热泻渴藿木葛, 虚疟
六君果梅姜.
【注】治气虚兼气滞不快, 根据四君加陈皮, 名五味异功散. 治气虚兼
有痰饮, 根据四君加橘红, 半夏, 名六君子汤. 治气虚肌热渴泻, 根据本
方加藿香, 木香, 葛根, 名七味白术散. 治气虚久疟留连不愈, 根据六
君子汤, 君草果, 乌梅, 生姜, 名四兽饮.
芎归汤 开骨散
10.一切血病芎归汤, 产后胎前必用方, 气虚难产参倍入, 交骨难开
龟发良.
【注】芎归汤, 即川芎, 当归, 又名佛手散. 气虚产难或时久伤气,
根据本方倍加人参. 临产交骨难开, 根据本方加整龟板一具, 本人梳下乱
发一团, 他人梳下之发亦可, 名开骨散.
四物汤 圣愈汤 六物汤 加味四物汤 地骨皮饮
11.调肝养血宜四物, 归芎芍地酌相应, 气虚血少参耆补, 气燥血热
知柏清. 寒热柴丹炒栀子, 但热无寒丹骨平, 热甚苓连寒桂附, 止血
茅蒲破桃红.
【注】调肝养血宜四物汤, 即当归, 川芎, 白芍, 熟地黄. 酌相应,
谓补血用白芍, 熟地, 破血用赤芍, 凉血用生地, 气虚血少, 宜加参
,耆, 名圣愈汤. 气燥血热, 宜加知, 柏, 名六物汤. 血虚寒热往来
,宜加味四物汤, 即本方加柴胡, 丹皮, 炒栀子也. 血虚惟发热不恶
寒,宜地骨皮饮, 即本方加地骨皮, 牡丹皮也. 血分热甚, 根据本方加
黄芩, 黄连. 寒甚加肉桂, 附子, 破血加桃仁, 红花, 止血加茅根,
蒲黄炒黑.
八珍汤 十全大补汤 人参养荣汤
12.一切气血两虚证, 八珍四物与四君, 气乏色枯毛发落, 自汗盗汗
悸忘臻, 发热咳嗽吐衄血, 食少肌瘦泄泻频, 十全大补加耆桂, 荣去
芎加远味陈.
【注】气虚, 四君子汤. 血虚, 四物汤. 气血两虚, 八珍汤. 八珍者
,即四君, 四物也. 若有气乏色枯, 毛发脱落, 自汗盗汗, 心悸健忘
,发热咳嗽, 吐血, 衄血, 食少肌瘦, 泄泻等证, 则宜十全大伂汤,
即八珍汤加黄耆, 肉桂也. 人参养荣汤, 即十全大补汤减去川芎, 更
加远志, 五味子, 陈皮也.
小建中汤 黄耆建中汤 当归建中汤 双和饮
13.虚劳腹痛小建中, 悸衄之血梦失精, 手足频热肢酸痛, 芍草饴桂
枣姜同, 卫虚加耆黄耆建, 荣虚当归建中名, 温养气血双和饮, 三方
减饴加地芎.
【注】诸虚劳极, 里急腹痛, 宜以小建中汤温和脾胃. 并治里虚心悸
,衄下亡血, 夜梦失精, 手足烦热, 四肢酸痛, 血液亏损等证. 是方
白芍药, 甘草, 饴糖, 中桂, 大枣, 生姜也. 若卫气虚者, 加黄耆,
名曰黄耆建中汤. 若里不急, 腹不痛有是证者, 则当以温养气血, 用
双和饮, 即此三方减去饴糖, 加入熟地, 川芎, 乃八珍汤减人参, 白
术,茯苓, 加黄耆, 中桂, 盖以补阴血为主也.
补肝汤
14. 补肝汤治肝虚损, 筋缓不能自收持, 目暗???? 无所见, 四物酸
枣草瓜宜.
【注】补肝汤, 即当归, 川芎, 白芍, 熟地, 酸枣仁, 炙草, 木瓜也
.
加味救肺饮
15.加味救肺治肺损, 嗽血金家被火刑, 归芍麦味参耆草, 百花紫菀
马兜铃.
【注】加味救肺饮, 即当归, 白芍, 麦冬, 五味子, 人参, 黄耆, 炙
草,百合, 款冬花, 紫菀, 马兜铃也.
天王补心丹
16.天王补心心虚损, 健忘神虚烦不眠, 柏子味苓归地桔, 三参天麦
远朱酸.
【注】是方, 即柏子仁, 五味子, 茯苓, 当归, 生地, 桔梗, 丹参,
人参, 元参, 天冬, 麦冬, 远志, 朱砂, 酸枣仁.
归脾汤
17.归脾思虑伤心脾, 热烦盗汗悸惊俱, 健忘怔忡时恍惚, 四君酸远
木归耆.
【注】悸, 心自跳动也. 惊, 目触物骇也. 健忘, 言事易忘也. 怔忡
,心冲动甚也. 恍惚, 心时不明也. 方乃四君子, 加酸枣仁, 远志,
木香, 当归, 黄耆.
人参固本汤丸 保元生脉固本汤
18.固本肺肾两虚病, 肺痿咳血欲成劳, 二冬二地人参共, 保元生脉
脾同调.
【注】人参固本汤, 丸, 即人参, 天冬, 麦冬, 生地, 熟地也. 根据本
方再加保元之黄耆, 炙草, 生脉之五味, 三方合一, 名保元生脉固本
汤.同调, 谓同调脾, 肺, 肾三经虚也.
逍遥散
19.逍遥理脾而清肝, 血虚骨蒸烦嗽痰, 寒热颊赤胁不快, 妇人经痛
脉虚弦, 术芩归芍柴薄草, 加味栀丹肝热添, 肝气滞郁陈抚附, 热加
吴萸炒黄连.
【注】是方, 即白术, 茯苓, 当归, 白芍, 柴胡, 薄荷, 甘草也. 肝
气热, 根据本方加炒栀子, 丹皮, 名加味逍遥散. 肝气滞加陈皮, 肝气
郁加抚芎, 香附. 肝气郁热, 加吴茱萸, 炒川黄连. 惟薄荷只可少许
为引, 不宜多用.
3. 后天之本的治疗以调理血气为核心，先天之本的治疗以调和阴阳为法则。肾、肝、心、肺的虚损治法列于后文，而脾脏虚损的治法与内伤杂病相同。
【注】后天脾胃运化水谷，化生荣卫之气，所以治法基于气血。先天肾脏精气是化生的本源，所以治法基于阴阳。五脏虚损的治法都列在后面，而脾脏虚损的治法已经记载在“内伤”章节中，所以说它与内伤的治法相同。
拯阴理劳汤
4. 阴虚火旺动用法用拯阴理劳汤治疗，症状包括皮肤寒冷、骨蒸潮热、咳嗽侵袭、饮食减少、痰多、心烦、少气。方药组成：人参、麦冬、五味子、当归、白芍、生地、龟板、女贞子、薏苡仁、橘红、丹皮、莲子、百合、炙甘草。若汗多且失眠，加酸枣仁；燥痰加桑白皮、贝母；湿痰加茯苓、半夏；咳血且骨热深重者，加阿胶。
【注】此方即由人参、麦冬、五味子、当归、白芍、生地、龟板、女贞子、薏苡仁、橘红、丹皮、莲子、百合、炙甘草组成。若汗多且失眠，均加酸枣仁。咳嗽且有痰，加桑白皮、贝母。咳嗽且有湿痰，加茯苓、半夏。咳嗽、咯血，加阿胶。骨蒸热深重，加地骨皮。
拯阳理劳汤
5. 阳虚气弱使用拯阳理劳汤，症状表现为倦怠、厌恶烦劳（稍动则气喘乏力）、表热、自汗、身体酸痛。基础方减去升麻、柴胡，加入补中益气汤之意；若更添肉桂，遇寒证加附子；若出现泄泻，加入升麻、柴胡、诃子、肉蔻、木香。夏季咳嗽减肉桂加麦冬、五味子；冬季咳嗽不减肉桂，加五味子、干姜。
【注】此汤即由人参、黄耆、炙甘草、白术、陈皮、肉桂、当归、五味子组成。倦怠是指懒于活动，厌恶烦劳动作，则气张而喘乏。恶寒加附子；泄泻仍入升麻、柴胡，更加诃子、肉蔻、木香。夏月咳嗽，减肉桂加麦冬、五味子；冬月咳嗽，不减肉桂，更加五味子、干姜。
六味地黄汤、都气汤、七味地黄汤、生脉地黄汤、桂附地黄汤、知柏地黄汤、金匮肾气汤
6. 肾虚表现为午后发热、形体消瘦、水泛为痰、津液损伤、咳嗽、盗汗、失精、血亏、消渴、淋浊、口咽生疮。基础方药：熟地黄、山药、山茱萸、牡丹皮、茯苓、泽泻。加减法：劳嗽加味名都气汤；引火归元加肉桂名七味地黄汤；火妄刑金加生脉饮名生脉地黄汤；桂附益火消阴翳；知柏壮水制阳光；车前子、牛膝、肉桂、附子名为肾气汤，是治疗阳虚水肿、淋浊的方剂。
【注】午热，指午后发热。水泛为痰，谓日常饮食所化的津液，因肾虚不能摄水，泛上为痰。盗汗，谓睡时汗出，醒后即止的汗。失精，即遗精。消渴，谓饮水即消，但口渴仍不止。淋者，尿淋漓不利。浊者，尿的前后有浊液。口咽生疮，为虚火炎上。均宜用六味地黄汤治疗。劳嗽加味，谓加五味子，名都气汤。引火归原加肉桂，名七味地黄汤。火妄刑金加生脉饮，名生脉地黄汤。桂附，谓加肉桂、附子。知柏，谓加知母、黄柏。车前、牛膝、肉桂、附子，名桂附、知柏肾气等汤。
大补阴丸、滋阴降火汤
7. 大补阴丸用于制约壮火，滋阴降火以救被伤的肺金。方药：龟板、知母、黄柏、熟地髓剂。若加天冬、麦冬、当归、白芍、甘草、砂仁，即为滋阴降火汤。咳嗽加百合、五味子；盗汗加地骨皮；咯血加郁金；痰多加川贝母；气虚加人参、黄耆。虚热无汗者为火郁，宜散火；有汗骨蒸者，亦宜补阴。
【注】阴虚火旺，无水以制，宜用大补阴丸滋水制火。方即龟板、知母、黄柏、生地，为末，猪脊髓炼蜜为丸。若火旺无制，妄行伤金，肺痰咳嗽，宜用滋阴降火汤救其伤金。方即大补阴丸加麦冬、天冬、当归、白芍、炙草、缩砂。咳甚加百合、五味子，盗汗加地骨皮，咯血加郁金，痰多加川贝母，气虚加人参、黄耆。凡虚热如火烙手，无汗者为火郁，宜升阳散火汤，有汗者为骨蒸，亦宜大补阴丸及滋阴六黄等汤也。
保元汤
8. 一切气虚证用保元汤治疗。方药：黄耆在外（补表气），人参在内（补里气），甘草居中（补中气）。加肉桂能温命门之火。此方还能治疗小儿痘疮灰白、顶陷、清浆。
【注】保元汤，即人参、黄耆、炙甘草。黄耆补表气，人参补里气，炙甘草补中气，加肉桂能温命门真气，且能治小儿痘疮灰白、顶陷、清浆。
四君子汤、五味异功汤、六君子汤、七味白术散、四兽饮
9. 脾胃气虚用四君子汤，症状见脉软、形衰、面白黄、倦怠、懒言、食少、气短。方药：人参、茯苓、白术、甘草、大枣、生姜。若气滞加陈皮名异功散；有痰加橘红、半夏名六君子汤；肌热、泻、渴加藿香、木香、葛根名七味白术散；虚疟久留不愈，用六君子汤加草果、乌梅、生姜名四兽饮。
【注】治气虚兼气滞不快，根据四君加陈皮，名五味异功散。治气虚兼有痰饮，根据四君加橘红、半夏，名六君子汤。治气虚肌热渴泻，根据本方加藿香、木香、葛根，名七味白术散。治气虚久疟留连不愈，根据六君子汤，君草果、乌梅、生姜，名四兽饮。
芎归汤、开骨散
10. 一切血病用芎归汤，这是产后胎前必用的方剂。若气虚难产，倍加人参；若交骨难开，加龟板、乱发良效。
【注】芎归汤，即川芎、当归，又名佛手散。气虚产难或时久伤气，根据本方倍加人参。临产交骨难开，根据本方加整龟板一具，本人梳下乱发一团，他人梳下之发亦可，名开骨散。
四物汤、圣愈汤、六物汤、加味四物汤、地骨皮饮
11. 调肝养血宜用四物汤，当归、川芎、白芍、熟地酌量相应。若气虚血少，加人参、黄耆补之；若气燥血热，加知母、黄柏清之。若有寒热往来，加柴胡、丹皮、炒栀子；若但热无寒，用地骨皮平之；若热甚加黄芩、黄连，寒甚加肉桂、附子；若需止血加茅根、蒲黄，破血加桃仁、红花。
【注】调肝养血宜四物汤，即当归、川芎、白芍、熟地黄。酌相应，谓补血用白芍、熟地，破血用赤芍，凉血用生地。气虚血少，宜加参、耆，名圣愈汤。气燥血热，宜加知、柏，名六物汤。血虚寒热往来，宜加味四物汤，即本方加柴胡、丹皮、炒栀子也。血虚惟发热不恶寒，宜地骨皮饮，即本方加地骨皮、牡丹皮也。血分热甚，根据本方加黄芩、黄连。寒甚加肉桂、附子，破血加桃仁、红花，止血加茅根、蒲黄炒黑。
八珍汤、十全大补汤、人参养荣汤
12. 一切气血两虚证，用八珍汤（四物汤与四君子汤合方）。症状见气乏、色枯、毛发脱落、自汗、盗汗、心悸、健忘、发热、咳嗽、吐衄血、食少、肌瘦、泄泻频。若上述症状严重，宜用十全大补汤（八珍汤加黄耆、肉桂）。人参养荣汤则是十全大补汤减去川芎，加远志、五味子、陈皮。
【注】气虚，四君子汤。血虚，四物汤。气血两虚，八珍汤。八珍者，即四君、四物也。若有气乏色枯，毛发脱落，自汗盗汗，心悸健忘，发热咳嗽，吐血、衄血，食少肌瘦，泄泻等证，则宜十全大补汤，即八珍汤加黄耆、肉桂也。人参养荣汤，即十全大补汤减去川芎，更加远志、五味子、陈皮也。
小建中汤、黄耆建中汤、当归建中汤、双和饮
13. 虚劳腹痛用小建中汤，并治悸、衄血、梦失精、手足频热、肢酸痛。方药：白芍、甘草、饴糖、肉桂、大枣、生姜同用。若卫气虚加黄耆名黄耆建中汤；若营血虚名当归建中汤。温养气血可用双和饮，即三方减去饴糖，加熟地、川芎。
【注】诸虚劳极，里急腹痛，宜以小建中汤温和脾胃。并治里虚心悸，衄下亡血，夜梦失精，手足烦热，四肢酸痛，血液亏损等证。是方白芍药、甘草、饴糖、中桂、大枣、生姜也。若卫气虚者，加黄耆，名曰黄耆建中汤。若里不急，腹不痛有是证者，则当以温养气血，用双和饮，即此三方减去饴糖，加入熟地、川芎，乃八珍汤减人参、白术、茯苓，加黄耆、中桂，盖以补阴血为主也。
补肝汤
14. 补肝汤治疗肝虚损，症状为筋缓不能自收持，目暗无所见。方药：四物汤加酸枣仁、甘草、木瓜。
【注】补肝汤，即当归、川芎、白芍、熟地、酸枣仁、炙甘草、木瓜。
加味救肺饮
15. 加味救肺饮治疗肺损，症状为嗽血，金家被火刑。方药：当归、白芍、麦冬、五味子、人参、黄耆、甘草、百合、紫菀、马兜铃。
【注】加味救肺饮，即当归、白芍、麦冬、五味子、人参、黄耆、炙甘草、百合、款冬花、紫菀、马兜铃。
天王补心丹
16. 天王补心丹治疗心虚损，症状为健忘、神虚、烦不眠。方药：柏子仁、五味子、茯苓、当归、生地、桔梗、丹参、人参、元参、天冬、麦冬、远志、朱砂、酸枣仁。
【注】是方，即柏子仁、五味子、茯苓、当归、生地、桔梗、丹参、人参、元参、天冬、麦冬、远志、朱砂、酸枣仁。
归脾汤
17. 归脾汤治疗思虑伤心脾，症状为热烦、盗汗、悸惊俱、健忘、怔忡、时恍惚。方药：四君子汤加酸枣仁、远志、木香、当归、黄耆。
【注】悸，心自跳动也。惊，目触物骇也。健忘，言事易忘也。怔忡，心冲动甚也。恍惚，心时不明也。方乃四君子，加酸枣仁、远志、木香、当归、黄耆。
人参固本汤丸、保元生脉固本汤
18. 固本治疗肺肾两虚病，如肺痿、咳血欲成劳。方药：天冬、麦冬、生地、熟地、人参共组。保元生脉固本汤则是将保元汤、生脉散与本方同调，以调脾、肺、肾三经虚。
【注】人参固本汤、丸，即人参、天冬、麦冬、生地、熟地也。根据本方再加保元之黄耆、炙草，生脉之五味，三方合一，名保元生脉固本汤。同调，谓同调脾、肺、肾三经虚也。
逍遥散
19. 逍遥散理脾而清肝，治疗血虚骨蒸、烦嗽痰、寒热、颊赤、胁不快、妇人经痛、脉虚弦。方药：白术、黄芩、当归、白芍、柴胡、薄荷、甘草。若肝热加栀子和丹皮；肝气滞加陈皮、抚芎、香附；热加吴茱萸、炒黄连。
【注】是方，即白术、茯苓、当归、白芍、柴胡、薄荷、甘草也。肝气热，根据本方加炒栀子、丹皮，名加味逍遥散。肝气滞加陈皮，肝气郁加抚芎、香附。肝气郁热，加吴茱萸、炒川黄连。惟薄荷只可少许为引，不宜多用。
3. The treatment of the acquired constitution (Hou Tian) focuses on regulating Qi and Blood, while the treatment of the innate constitution (Xian Tian) is based on harmonizing Yin and Yang. The treatments for deficiency and damage of the Kidney, Liver, Heart, and Lung are listed later, whereas the treatment for Spleen deficiency and damage is the same as that for internal injury (Nei Shang).
[Note] The acquired Spleen and Stomach transform food and water into Ying and Wei Qi; therefore, the treatment method is based on Qi and Blood. The innate Kidney essence and Qi are the source of transformation; therefore, the treatment method is based on Yin and Yang. The treatment methods for the deficiency and damage of the five Zang organs are all listed subsequently, and since the treatment for Spleen deficiency and damage has already been recorded in the "Internal Injury" section, it is said to be the same as internal injury.
Zhengyin Lilao Decoction (Rescuing Yin to Regulate Labor Decoction)
4. For Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire, use Zhengyin Lilao Decoction. Symptoms include cold skin, bone-steaming fever, cough, reduced appetite, excessive phlegm, irritability, and shortness of breath. Formula composition: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Gui Ban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum), Nv Zhen Zi (Ligustri Lucidi Fructus), Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen), Ju Hong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Lian Zi (Nelumbinis Semen), Bai He (Lilii Bulbus), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). If sweating is profuse and insomnia occurs, add Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen); for dry phlegm, add Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex) and Bei Mu (Fritillariae Bulbus); for damp phlegm, add Fu Ling (Poria) and Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma); for hemoptysis and deep bone-steaming heat, add E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini).
[Note] This formula consists of Ren Shen, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Sheng Di Huang, Gui Ban, Nv Zhen Zi, Yi Yi Ren, Ju Hong, Dan Pi, Lian Zi, Bai He, and Zhi Gan Cao. For profuse sweating and insomnia, add Suan Zao Ren. For cough with phlegm, add Sang Bai Pi and Bei Mu. For cough with damp phlegm, add Fu Ling and Ban Xia. For cough and hemoptysis, add E Jiao. For severe bone-steaming heat, add Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex).
Zhengyang Lilao Decoction (Rescuing Yang to Regulate Labor Decoction)
5. For Yang deficiency and weak Qi, use Zhengyang Lilao Decoction. Symptoms include fatigue, aversion to mental or physical exertion (leading to panting and exhaustion upon movement), exterior heat, spontaneous sweating, and body aches. The base formula excludes Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), incorporating principles from Buzhong Yiqi Tang; if further modified with Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), add Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) for cold syndromes; for diarrhea, add Sheng Ma, Chai Hu, He Zi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus), Rou Kou (Myristicae Semen), and Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix). In summer, for cough, reduce Rou Gui and add Mai Dong and Wu Wei Zi; in winter, do not reduce Rou Gui, and add Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma).
[Note] This decoction consists of Ren Shen, Huang Qi (Astragali Radix), Zhi Gan Cao, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Rou Gui, Dang Gui, and Wu Wei Zi. Fatigue refers to laziness in movement; aversion to exertion leads to Qi distension, panting, and exhaustion. For aversion to cold, add Fu Zi; for diarrhea, retain Sheng Ma and Chai Hu, and add He Zi, Rou Kou, and Mu Xiang. In summer, for cough, reduce Rou Gui and add Mai Dong and Wu Wei Zi; in winter, for cough, do not reduce Rou Gui, and add Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang.
Liujunzi Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill), Duqi Tang, Qiwei Dihuang Tang, Shengmai Dihuang Tang, Guifu Dihuang Tang, Zhibai Dihuang Tang, Jin Gui Shenqi Tang
6. Kidney deficiency presents with afternoon fever, emaciation, water overflowing to form phlegm, fluid injury, cough, night sweats, seminal emission, blood deficiency, Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), Lin (Dysuria), Zhuo (Cloudy Urine), and sores in the mouth and throat. Base herbs: Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus), Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Fu Ling, Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma). Modifications: For labor-induced cough, adding Wu Wei Zi creates Duqi Tang; to guide fire back to its source, add Rou Gui to create Qiwei Dihuang Tang; for fire overacting on Metal (Lung), add Sheng Mai San to create Shengmai Dihuang Tang; Gui Fu (Rou Gui and Fu Zi) tonifies fire to dissipate yin shadows; Zhi Bai (Zhi Mu and Huang Bai) nourishes water to control yang flare-up; Che Qian Zi, Niu Xi, Rou Gui, and Fu Zi constitute Shenqi Tang, a formula for Yang deficiency edema and dysuria/cloudy urine.
[Note] Wuhre (Afternoon Fever) refers to fever occurring after noon. Water overflowing to form phlegm means that fluids transformed from daily diet, due to Kidney deficiency failing to control water, overflow upward to become phlegm. Daohan (Night Sweating) refers to sweating during sleep that stops upon waking. Shijing (Loss of Essence) refers to nocturnal emission. Xiaoke (Wasting-Thirst) refers to drinking water that is quickly consumed but thirst persists. Lin (Dysuria) refers to dribbling and difficult urination. Zhuo (Cloudy Urine) refers to turbid fluid before or after urination. Sores in the mouth and throat indicate deficient fire flaring up. All these should be treated with Liujunzi Dihuang Wan. Modifying for labor cough by adding Wu Wei Zi creates Duqi Tang. Guiding fire back to its source by adding Rou Gui creates Qiwei Dihuang Tang. Fire overacting on Metal by adding Sheng Mai San creates Shengmai Dihuang Tang. Gui Fu refers to adding Rou Gui and Fu Zi. Zhi Bai refers to adding Zhi Mu and Huang Bai. Che Qian, Niu Xi, Rou Gui, and Fu Zi constitute Guifu and Zhibai Shenqi Tangs.
Dabu Yin Wan (Great Supplement Yin Pill), Ziyin Jianghuo Tang (Nourish Yin and Descend Fire Decoction)
7. Dabu Yin Wan controls vigorous fire and nourishes Yin to descend fire, rescuing the injured Metal (Lung). Formula: Gui Ban, Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Huang Bai (Phellodendri Cortex), Shu Di Huang, processed with pig spinal cord and refined honey into pills. If fire is uncontrolled and injures Metal causing lung phlegm and cough, use Ziyin Jianghuo Tang. This formula is Dabu Yin Wan plus Mai Dong, Tian Dong (Asparagi Radix), Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Zhi Gan Cao, and Suo Sha (Amomi Fructus Rotundus). For severe cough, add Bai He and Wu Wei Zi; for night sweats, add Gu Pi; for hemoptysis, add Yu Jin (Curcumae Radix); for excessive phlegm, add Chuan Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus); for Qi deficiency, add Ren Shen and Huang Qi. Deficient heat feeling like burning hands without sweat indicates fire constraint, suitable for Shengyang Sanhuo Tang; with sweat indicating bone-steaming, suitable for Dabu Yin Wan and Ziyin Liu Huang Tang.
[Note] Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire, lacking water to control it, requires Dabu Yin Wan to nourish water and control fire. The formula is Gui Ban, Zhi Mu, Huang Bai, Sheng Di Huang, powdered, mixed with pig spinal cord and refined honey into pills. If fire is hyperactive and uncontrolled, acting recklessly to injure Metal, causing lung phlegm and cough, use Ziyin Jianghuo Tang to rescue the injured Metal. The formula is Dabu Yin Wan plus Mai Dong, Tian Dong, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Zhi Gan Cao, and Suo Sha. For severe cough, add Bai He and Wu Wei Zi; for night sweats, add Gu Pi; for hemoptysis, add Yu Jin; for excessive phlegm, add Chuan Bei Mu; for Qi deficiency, add Ren Shen and Huang Qi. Generally, deficient heat feeling like burning hands without sweat indicates fire constraint, suitable for Shengyang Sanhuo Tang; with sweat indicating bone-steaming, suitable for Dabu Yin Wan and Ziyin Liu Huang Tang.
Baoyuan Tang (Preserve Origin Decoction)
8. For all Qi deficiency conditions, use Baoyuan Tang. Formula: Huang Qi tonifies exterior Qi, Ren Shen tonifies interior Qi, Zhi Gan Cao tonifies middle Qi. Adding Rou Gui can warm the True Qi of the Mingmen (Gate of Life). It also treats infantile smallpox presenting as gray-white, depressed tops, or clear serum.
[Note] Baoyuan Tang consists of Ren Shen, Huang Qi, and Zhi Gan Cao. Huang Qi tonifies exterior Qi, Ren Shen tonifies interior Qi, Zhi Gan Cao tonifies middle Qi. Adding Rou Gui warms the True Qi of the Mingmen and treats infantile smallpox presenting as gray-white, depressed tops, or clear serum.
Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), Siwu Yigong San (Five-Agent Extraordinary Power Powder), Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction), Qiwei Baizhu San (Seven-Ingredient Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder), Six Beast Yin
9. For Spleen and Stomach Qi deficiency, use Sijunzi Tang. Symptoms include soft pulse, physical decline, pale/yellow complexion, fatigue, reluctance to speak, poor appetite, and shortness of breath. Formula: Ren Shen, Fu Ling, Bai Zhu, Gan Cao, Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). For Qi stagnation, add Chen Pi to create Yi Gong San (Extraordinary Power Powder); for phlegm, add Ju Hong and Ban Xia to create Liujunzi Tang; for muscle heat, diarrhea, and thirst, add Huo Xiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Mu Xiang, and Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) to create Qiwei Baizhu San; for chronic malaria due to Qi deficiency, use Liujunzi Tang with Cao Guo (Tsaoko Fructus), Wu Mei (Mume Fructus), and Sheng Jiang as chief ingredients to create Six Beast Yin.
[Note] To treat Qi deficiency accompanied by Qi stagnation and discomfort, add Chen Pi to Sijunzi Tang, named Siwu Yigong San. To treat Qi deficiency accompanied by phlegm-fluid retention, add Ju Hong and Ban Xia to Sijunzi Tang, named Liujunzi Tang. To treat Qi deficiency with muscle heat, thirst, and diarrhea, add Huo Xiang, Mu Xiang, and Ge Gen to this formula, named Qiwei Baizhu San. To treat chronic malaria lingering due to Qi deficiency, use Liujunzi Tang with Cao Guo, Wu Mei, and Sheng Jiang as the chief ingredients, named Six Beast Yin.
Xiong Gui Tang (Chuanxiong and Angelica Decoction), Kaigu San (Bone-Opening Powder)
10. For all blood disorders, use Xiong Gui Tang, a must-use formula for postpartum and prenatal conditions. For Qi deficiency causing difficult labor, double the dose of Ren Shen; for difficulty in opening the intersection bones (pubic symphysis), adding Gui Ban (Tortoise Shell) and human hair is effective.
[Note] Xiong Gui Tang consists of Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Dang Gui, also known as Foshou San. For difficult labor due to Qi deficiency or prolonged labor injuring Qi, double the Ren Shen in this formula. For difficulty in opening the intersection bones at delivery, add one whole Gui Ban and a tuft of the parturient's own cut hair (hair from others may also be used), named Kaigu San.
Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), Shengyu Tang (Succeeding Vitality Decoction), Liuwu Tang (Six Substances Decoction), Jiawei Siwu Tang (Modified Four Substances Decoction), Digupi Yin (Lycium Bark Drink)
11. To regulate the Liver and nourish Blood, use Siwu Tang, adjusting Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao, and Shu Di Huang appropriately. For Qi deficiency and blood scarcity, add Ren Shen and Huang Qi to tonify; for Qi dryness and blood heat, add Zhi Mu and Huang Bai to clear. For alternating chills and fever, add Chai Hu, Dan Pi, and Chao Zhi Zi (Stir-fried Gardenia Fruit); for fever only without chills, use Digupi to calm; for severe heat, add Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) and Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma); for severe cold, add Rou Gui and Fu Zi; to break blood stasis, add Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) and Hong Hua (Carthami Flos); to stop bleeding, add Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma) and Pu Huang (Typhae Pollen stir-fried black).
[Note] To regulate the Liver and nourish Blood, use Siwu Tang, consisting of Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao, and Shu Di Huang. Appropriate adjustment means using Bai Shao and Shu Di Huang to tonify blood, Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) to break blood, and Sheng Di Huang to cool blood. For Qi deficiency and blood scarcity, add Ren Shen and Huang Qi, named Shengyu Tang. For Qi dryness and blood heat, add Zhi Mu and Huang Bai, named Liuwu Tang. For blood deficiency with alternating chills and fever, use Jiawei Siwu Tang, which is this formula plus Chai Hu, Dan Pi, and Chao Zhi Zi. For blood deficiency with fever only and no aversion to cold, use Digupi Yin, which is this formula plus Digupi (Lycii Cortex) and Mu Dan Pi. For severe heat in the blood level, add Huang Qin and Huang Lian to this formula. For severe cold, add Rou Gui and Fu Zi; to break blood stasis, add Tao Ren and Hong Hua; to stop bleeding, add Mao Gen and stir-fried black Pu Huang.
Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction), Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction), Renshen Yangrong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Vigor Decoction)
12. For all conditions of dual Qi and Blood deficiency, use Bazhen Tang (combination of Siwu Tang and Sijunzi Tang). Symptoms include Qi exhaustion, withered complexion, hair loss, spontaneous sweating, night sweats, palpitations, forgetfulness, fever, cough, hematemesis, epistaxis, poor appetite, emaciation, and frequent diarrhea. If these symptoms are present, use Shiquan Dabu Tang, which is Bazhen Tang plus Huang Qi and Rou Gui. Renshen Yangrong Tang is Shiquan Dabu Tang minus Chuan Xiong, plus Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix), Wu Wei Zi, and Chen Pi.
[Note] Qi deficiency: Sijunzi Tang. Blood deficiency: Siwu Tang. Dual Qi and Blood deficiency: Bazhen Tang. Bazhen Tang consists of Sijunzi Tang and Siwu Tang. If there are symptoms such as Qi exhaustion, withered complexion, hair loss, spontaneous and night sweats, palpitations, forgetfulness, fever, cough, hematemesis, epistaxis, poor appetite, emaciation, and diarrhea, then use Shiquan Dabu Tang, which is Bazhen Tang plus Huang Qi and Rou Gui. Renshen Yangrong Tang is Shiquan Dabu Tang minus Chuan Xiong, plus Yuan Zhi, Wu Wei Zi, and Chen Pi.
Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction), Huangqi Jianzhong Tang, Danggui Jianzhong Tang, Shuanghe Yin (Double Harmony Drink)
13. For deficiency-labor abdominal pain, use Xiao Jianzhong Tang. It also treats palpitations, epistaxis, nocturnal seminal emission, frequent heat in hands and feet, limb soreness and aching. Formula: Bai Shao, Gan Cao, Yi Tang (Maltose), Rou Gui, Da Zao, Sheng Jiang combined. For Wei Qi deficiency, add Huang Qi to name Huangqi Jianzhong Tang; for Ying Blood deficiency, it is named Danggui Jianzhong Tang. To warm and nourish Qi and Blood, use Shuanghe Yin, which is these three formulas minus Yi Tang, plus Shu Di Huang and Chuan Xiong.
[Note] For extreme deficiencies and labor, with urgency and abdominal pain, use Xiao Jianzhong Tang to gently warm the Spleen and Stomach. It also treats interior deficiency with palpitations, loss of blood from epistaxis, nocturnal seminal emission, frequent heat in hands and feet, soreness and aching of limbs, and blood depletion. This formula consists of Bai Shao Yao, Gan Cao, Yi Tang, Zhong Gui (Rou Gui), Da Zao, and Sheng Jiang. For Wei Qi deficiency, add Huang Qi, named Huangqi Jianzhong Tang. If there is no interior urgency or abdominal pain but other symptoms exist, use Shuanghe Yin to warm and nourish Qi and Blood, which is these three formulas minus Yi Tang, plus Shu Di Huang and Chuan Xiong. This is essentially Bazhen Tang minus Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, and Fu Ling, plus Huang Qi and Zhong Gui, primarily focusing on tonifying Yin Blood.
Bu Gan Tang (Tonify Liver Decoction)
14. Bu Gan Tang treats Liver deficiency and damage, characterized by lax tendons unable to hold themselves, dim vision, and inability to see. Formula: Siwu Tang plus Suan Zao Ren, Gan Cao, and Mu Gua (Chaenomelis Fructus).
[Note] Bu Gan Tang consists of Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao, Shu Di Huang, Suan Zao Ren, Zhi Gan Cao, and Mu Gua.
Jiawei Jiufei Yin (Modified Rescue Lung Drink)
15. Jiawei Jiufei Yin treats Lung damage, characterized by coughing blood, where Metal is punished by Fire. Formula: Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Gan Cao, Bai He, Zi Wan (Asteris Radix), and Lou Lu (Aristolochiae Radix).
[Note] Jiawei Jiufei Yin consists of Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao, Bai He, Kua Dong Hua (Kalanchoe Flos), Zi Wan, and Lou Lu.
Tianwang Buxin Dan (Emperor of Heaven’s Special Pill for Nourishing the Heart)
16. Tianwang Buxin Dan treats Heart deficiency and damage, characterized by forgetfulness, Spirit deficiency, irritability, and insomnia. Formula: Bai Zi Ren (Biota Seed), Wu Wei Zi, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Sheng Di Huang, Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Dan Shen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix), Ren Shen, Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Yuan Zhi, Zhu Sha (Cinnabar), and Suan Zao Ren.
[Note] This formula consists of Bai Zi Ren, Wu Wei Zi, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Sheng Di Huang, Jie Geng, Dan Shen, Ren Shen, Xuan Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Yuan Zhi, Zhu Sha, and Suan Zao Ren.
Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction)
17. Guipi Tang treats Heart and Spleen damage caused by overthinking. Symptoms include heat and irritability, night sweats, palpitations, fright, forgetfulness, palpitation (Zhen Chong), and mental confusion. Formula: Sijunzi Tang plus Suan Zao Ren, Yuan Zhi, Mu Xiang, Dang Gui, and Huang Qi.
[Note] Ji (Palpitation) refers to the heart beating spontaneously. Jing (Fright) refers to being startled by external objects. Jianwang (Forgetfulness) refers to easily forgetting matters. Zhengchong (Palpitation/Anxiety) refers to intense heart throbbing. Huanghu (Confusion) refers to intermittent mental clarity. The formula is Sijunzi Tang plus Suan Zao Ren, Yuan Zhi, Mu Xiang, Dang Gui, and Huang Qi.
Renshen Guben Tang/Wan (Ginseng Solidify Root Decoction/Pill), Baoyuan Shengmai Guben Tang
18. Guben treats dual deficiency of Lung and Kidney, such as Fei Wei (Flaccidity of Lung) with hemoptysis progressing to labor. Formula: Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Sheng Di Huang, Shu Di Huang, and Ren Shen together. Baoyuan Shengmai Guben Tang combines Baoyuan Tang, Sheng Mai San, and this formula to simultaneously regulate the deficiency of the Spleen, Lung, and Kidney meridians.
[Note] Renshen Guben Tang/Wan consists of Ren Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Sheng Di Huang, and Shu Di Huang. Based on this formula, add Huang Qi and Zhi Gan Cao from Baoyuan Tang, and Wu Wei Zi from Sheng Mai San, combining three formulas into one, named Baoyuan Shengmai Guben Tang. Tongtiao means simultaneously regulating the deficiency of the Spleen, Lung, and Kidney meridians.
Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder)
19. Xiaoyao San regulates the Spleen and clears the Liver, treating blood deficiency with bone-steaming, irritable cough with phlegm, alternating chills and fever, red cheeks, rib discomfort, women's menstrual pain, and deficient/wiry pulse. Formula: Bai Zhu, Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Chai Hu, Bo He (Menthae Haplocalyx), and Gan Cao. For Liver heat, add Chao Zhi Zi and Dan Pi to create Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder). For Liver Qi stagnation, add Chen Pi; for Liver Qi depression, add Fu Xiong (Chuanxiong) and Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma). For Liver Qi depression with heat, add Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) and Chao Huang Lian (Stir-fried Coptidis Rhizoma). Only a small amount of Bo He should be used as a guiding herb; it should not be used in large quantities.
[Note] This formula consists of Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Chai Hu, Bo He, and Gan Cao. For Liver Qi heat, add Chao Zhi Zi and Dan Pi to this formula, named Jiawei Xiaoyao San. For Liver Qi stagnation, add Chen Pi; for Liver Qi depression, add Fu Xiong and Xiang Fu. For Liver Qi depression with heat, add Wu Zhu Yu and Chao Huang Lian. Only a small amount of Bo He should be used as a guide; it is not suitable for heavy use.