眼两角大小 属心为血轮病则赤脉上生昏热肿痛赤烂多生浮翳血灌瞳仁大 先赤而敷小
左眼先患而敷右眼其病在心
黑精属肝为风轮病则昏暗黑花头痛有泪其病在肝
上下两胞属脾为肉轮病则眼胞肿起 肉侵睛外生小块在廓名曰偷针拳毛倒睫其病在脾
白眼属肺为气轮病则白睛肿起多生瘀肉有泪白膜侵睛名曰气障其病在肺
瞳仁属肾为水轮病则眼目昏暗瞳青仁绿头痛冷泪观人物若堆烟视太阳如水花久成青盲内
障其病在肾
关泉廓病在瘀肉侵睛属小肠
水谷廓病主额角常眵泪多黑花属脾胃
会阴廓病主阴暗生泪属肾
胞阳廓病主睑内赤肿睛疼多瘀肉属心命门
清净廓病主两 痒痛泪出属胆
传道廓病主昏朦多泪属肺大肠
津液廓病主血丝侵睛 肉生睑属膀胱
养化廓病主赤筋拳毛倒睫属肝
治眼之法观其形证究其所因风则驱散之热则清凉之气则调顺之虚则补益之又有云翳遮睛
拳毛倒睫血灌瞳仁 肉攀睛等症各随所受脏腑虚实老少新久取次而求治焉
风眼因目冒风沙其症瞳青胞白痒而多泪不赤不疼宜用 洗肝散 圣效散 决明子散 密
蒙花
火眼即热眼因五脏积热上攻于目其症乌轮突起胞硬红肿眵泪湿浆里热刺痛羞明隐涩泪出
不止宜用 洗心散 龙胆汤 芎辛汤 东垣救苦汤 黄连膏 珍珠散 羊肝丸
气眼因七情不顺暴怒伤肝其症眼目 昏暗酸涩胞肿不硬或生云翳微赤多泪宜用 明目
流气饮 决明子散 蟾花无比散 匀气散 三花五子丸
白膜遮睛是云翳生于睛上渐侵入水轮因肺经热毒之气攻上不散聚结成云宜用 拨云散
蝉花散 复明散 当归龙胆汤 白龙散 磨翳散 八宝丹 明目地黄丸 拨云锭子 珍珠散
血灌瞳仁因肝胆二经多有积热其症血丝侵睛上灌瞳仁 肿赤宜用 车前子散 泻肝散 退
血散 加味四物汤 汤泡散 白龙散
拳毛倒睫因心脾二经积热其目边紧急皮缩毛向里生刺睛隐痛当去其内热眼皮缓而毛自出
矣宜用 防风饮 石燕散 蜜应膏
肉攀睛因脾肺二经有热血凝不散其症两 赤肉侵睛眼肉生翳宜用 黄连龙胆汤 清凉
退赤散 红花散 还睛散 黄连膏 春雪膏
鸡冠蚬肉胞反赤肿皆由脾虚积热瘀血凝滞与 肉攀睛同治
烂弦风眼因脾 风热久结不散其症眼边烂两 赤痒昏涩多泪久而生虫宜用 金露散 卷
帘散 绿云膏
内障是脑脂凝结因怒暴大忧损伤肝肾其症睛内隐如雾遮瞒渐侵瞳子不红不肿睛目如常但
瞳仁
还
外障因脾肺积热血凝气滞瘀血侵睛涩痛多泪宜用 退赤拨云散 谷精散 磨翳膏 明目
地黄丸
青盲因胎中肝受风热其症至晚 昏暗视物不见日久睛蓝者不治宜用 泻肝散 聚实散
雀目眼障每至黄昏赌三光不明如物遮蔽乃肝肾之虚也宜用 镇肝丸 羊肝丸 菟丝子散
夜
脉贯瞳仁乃是白睛上有赤脉串贯瞳仁盖因心肺壅热以致羞明涩痛宜用 沙糖煎 退赤散
胞反肿赤是睑胞翻突赤肿因肿因脾经风热以致瘀血凝滞宜用 清凉退赤散 白龙散
迎风冷泪凡遇秋冬泪出不止乃是肝脾二经受邪冷之气宜用 楮实子散 桑叶煎 槐皮煎
睛突眶外名蟹眼因心肺二经久受壅热血轮赤肿多泪宜用 春雪膏 黄连膏 点眼膏子
又小儿睛突眶外亦名蟹眼宜用 黄 煎汤细呷之
瞳子散大由食辛热过多盖辛能助火火邪上乘入于脑中以致精散视物散大不明皆由精少血
虚阴弱水亏宜用 五味子汤 熟干地黄丸 明目益肾丸 苁蓉丸 杞苓丸
能远视而不能近视乃阳气不足阴气有余气虚而血盛则阴火盛而阳气衰宜用 补阳活血汤
定
能近视而不能远视乃阳气有余阴水不足血虚而气盛则阳气盛而阴水少宜用 地芝丸 六
味地黄丸 明目益肾丸
眼睛的两角（内外眦）大小，归属于心，称为血轮。若患病，则赤脉生成并向上延伸，伴有昏沉、发热、肿胀、疼痛、溃烂，常生浮翳，血液灌注瞳仁。初期先见赤色且范围较小。若左眼先发病而后波及右眼，病位在心。
黑睛（瞳孔周围黑色部分），归属于肝，称为风轮。若患病，则视物昏暗，眼前出现黑花，头痛，流泪，病位在肝。
上下眼睑，归属于脾，称为肉轮。若患病，则眼睑肿胀突起，肌肉侵入眼球外部，在廓内生出小块，名为偷针；或拳毛倒睫，病位在脾。
白睛（眼白部分），归属于肺，称为气轮。若患病，则白睛肿胀突起，多生瘀肉，流泪，白膜侵入眼球，名为气障，病位在肺。
瞳仁，归属于肾，称为水轮。若患病，则眼目昏暗，瞳仁发青，虹膜发绿，头痛，冷泪直流，看人物如同烟雾堆积，看太阳如同水花闪烁，日久形成青盲、内障，病位在肾。
关泉廓的病变在于瘀肉侵入眼球，归属于小肠。
水谷廓的病变主要在于额角常有分泌物（眵）和泪水增多，眼前有黑花，归属于脾胃。
会阴廓的病变主要在于阴暗处流泪，归属于肾。
胞阳廓的病变主要在于睑内赤肿、眼睛疼痛、多生瘀肉，归属于心和命门。
清净廓的病变主要在于两眼瘙痒疼痛、流泪，归属于胆。
传道廓的病变主要在于视物昏朦、多泪，归属于肺和大肠。
津液廓的病变主要在于血丝侵入眼球、息肉生在眼睑，归属于膀胱。
养化廓的病变主要在于赤筋、拳毛倒睫，归属于肝。
治疗眼病的方法，需观察其形态证候，探究其病因。风邪所致则驱散之，热邪所致则清凉之，气机失调则调顺之，虚证则补益之。又有云翳遮睛、拳毛倒睫、血灌瞳仁、息肉攀睛等症状，均根据所受的脏腑虚实、患者老少及病程新久，依次寻求治疗方法。
风眼：因眼睛遭受风沙侵袭所致。症状为瞳仁发青、眼睑发白、瘙痒且多泪，不红不疼。宜用洗肝散、圣效散、决明子散、密蒙花。
火眼：即热眼，因五脏积热上攻于目所致。症状为黑睛突起、眼睑硬红肿痛、分泌物和泪水湿浆样、里热刺痛、羞明隐涩、流泪不止。宜用洗心散、龙胆汤、芎辛汤、东垣救苦汤、黄连膏、珍珠散、羊肝丸。
气眼：因七情不顺，暴怒伤肝所致。症状为眼目昏暗、酸涩、眼睑肿胀但不硬，或生云翳微红、多泪。宜用明目流气饮、决明子散、蟾花无比散、匀气散、三花五子丸。
白膜遮睛：是云翳生于眼球表面，逐渐侵入水轮。因肺经热毒之气上攻不散，聚结成云所致。宜用拨云散、蝉花散、复明散、当归龙胆汤、白龙散、磨翳散、八宝丹、明目地黄丸、拨云锭子、珍珠散。
血灌瞳仁：因肝胆二经多有积热所致。症状为血丝侵入眼球，向上灌注瞳仁，眼睑肿胀发红。宜用车前子散、泻肝散、退血散、加味四物汤、汤泡散、白龙散。
拳毛倒睫：因心脾二经积热所致。眼部边缘紧急，皮肤收缩，睫毛向内生长刺眼，引起隐痛。当去除内热，眼皮松弛后，睫毛自然长出。宜用防风饮、石燕散、蜜应膏。
肉攀睛：因脾肺二经有热血凝滞不散所致。症状为眼角赤色肌肉侵入眼球，眼内生翳。宜用黄连龙胆汤、清凉退赤散、红花散、还睛散、黄连膏、春雪膏。
鸡冠蚬肉：眼睑翻转赤肿，皆由脾虚积热、瘀血凝滞所致，与肉攀睛同治。
烂弦风眼：因脾经受风热久结不散所致。症状为眼边溃烂、眼角赤痒、昏涩多泪，久而生虫。宜用金露散、卷帘散、绿云膏。
内障：是脑脂凝结所致，因愤怒或大悲损伤肝肾所致。症状为睛内隐约如雾遮挡，逐渐侵入瞳仁，不红不肿，眼睛外观如常，但瞳仁……（原文此处似有缺漏，依文意推测为功能受损）。
外障：因脾肺积热，血凝气滞，瘀血侵睛所致。症状为涩痛、多泪。宜用退赤拨云散、谷精散、磨翳膏、明目地黄丸。
青盲：因胎中肝受风热所致。症状为至晚视物昏暗，看不见东西，日久眼睛变蓝者不治。宜用泻肝散、聚实散。
雀目（夜盲）：每至黄昏，视三光不明，如物遮蔽，乃肝肾之虚也。宜用镇肝丸、羊肝丸、菟丝子散。
脉贯瞳仁：乃是白睛上有赤脉串贯瞳仁。盖因心肺壅热，以致羞明涩痛。宜用沙糖煎、退赤散。
胞反肿赤：是睑胞翻突赤肿。因脾经风热致使瘀血凝滞。宜用清凉退赤散、白龙散。
迎风冷泪：凡遇秋冬季节，泪出不止，乃是肝脾二经受邪冷之气所致。宜用楮实子散、桑叶煎、槐皮煎。
睛突眶外：名蟹眼。因心肺二经久受壅热，血轮赤肿、多泪。宜用春雪膏、黄连膏、点眼膏子。小儿睛突眶外亦名蟹眼，宜用黄柏煎汤细呷之。
瞳子散大：由食辛热过多所致。盖辛能助火，火邪上乘入于脑中，以致精气散乱，视物散大不明。皆由精少、血虚、阴弱、水亏所致。宜用五味子汤、熟干地黄丸、明目益肾丸、苁蓉丸、杞苓丸。
The two corners (inner and outer canthi) of the eye belong to the Heart, known as the Blood Wheel. If diseased, red vessels grow and extend upward, accompanied by dimness, heat, swelling, pain, and ulceration; floating nebulae often appear, and blood floods the pupil. Initially, redness appears first and is small in area. If the left eye is affected first and then spreads to the right, the disease location is in the Heart.
The black part of the eye (around the pupil) belongs to the Liver, known as the Wind Wheel. If diseased, vision becomes dim, black spots appear before the eyes, headache occurs, and tears flow; the disease location is in the Liver.
The upper and lower eyelids belong to the Spleen, known as the Flesh Wheel. If diseased, the eyelids swell and protrude, flesh invades the outside of the eyeball, forming small lumps within the palisade, named "Stealing Needle"; or inverted cilia (entropion/trichiasis); the disease location is in the Spleen.
The white part of the eye (sclera/conjunctiva) belongs to the Lung, known as the Qi Wheel. If diseased, the white sclera swells and protrudes, often with瘀肉 (pterygium-like growths), tearing, and a white membrane invading the eyeball, named Qi Obstruction; the disease location is in the Lung.
The pupil belongs to the Kidney, known as the Water Wheel. If diseased, the eyes become dim, the pupil turns blue/cyan, the iris turns green, headache occurs, cold tears flow continuously, objects appear as if piled in smoke, and looking at the sun resembles water splashes. Over time, this develops into Qing Mang (blindness without external signs) and internal obstruction; the disease location is in the Kidney.
Disease in Guan Quan Palisade involves flesh growing over the cornea/pupil, belonging to the Small Intestine.
Disease in Shui Gu Palisade primarily manifests as frequent discharge and excessive tearing at the forehead corners, with black spots before the eyes, belonging to the Spleen and Stomach.
Disease in Hui Yin Palisade primarily manifests as tearing in dark environments, belonging to the Kidney.
Disease in Bao Yang Palisade primarily manifests as redness and swelling inside the eyelids, eye pain, and abundant pterygium-like growths, belonging to the Heart and Ming Men (Gate of Life).
Disease in Qing Jing Palisade primarily manifests as itching and pain in both eyes with tearing, belonging to the Gallbladder.
Disease in Chuan Dao Palisade primarily manifests as blurred vision and excessive tearing, belonging to the Lung and Large Intestine.
Disease in Jin Ye Palisade primarily manifests as blood vessels invading the eyeball and fleshy growths on the eyelids, belonging to the Bladder.
Disease in Yang Hua Palisade primarily manifests as red tendons, inverted cilia, and trichiasis, belonging to the Liver.
The method for treating eye diseases involves observing morphological symptoms and investigating the etiology. For wind pathogens, disperse them; for heat pathogens, cool them; for qi disharmony, regulate it; for deficiency, tonify it. Additionally, for conditions such as cloud-like nebulae obscuring the pupil, inverted cilia, blood flooding the pupil, and pterygium climbing the cornea, treatment should be sought sequentially based on the affected zang-fu organs' excess or deficiency, the patient's age, and the duration of the disease.
Wind Eye: Caused by exposure to wind and sand. Symptoms include cyanotic pupils, whitish eyelids, itching with excessive tearing, without redness or pain. Suitable formulas include Xi Gan San (Liver-Washing Powder), Sheng Xiao San (Holy Efficacy Powder), Jue Ming Zi San (Cassia Seed Powder), and Mi Meng Hua (Descurainiae Semen).
Fire Eye: Also known as Heat Eye, caused by accumulated heat in the five zang organs attacking the eyes. Symptoms include protrusion of the black wheel (cornea/iris), hard, red, swollen, and painful eyelids, purulent discharge and watery tears, internal heat with stinging pain, photophobia, grittiness, and continuous tearing. Suitable formulas include Xi Xin San (Heart-Washing Powder), Long Dan Tang (Gentian Decoction), Xiong Xin Tang (Ligusticum and Asarum Decoction), Dong Yuan Jiu Ku Tang (Dong Yuan's Rescue from Suffering Decoction), Huang Lian Gao (Coptis Ointment), Zhen Zhu San (Pearl Powder), and Yang Gan Wan (Sheep Liver Pill).
Qi Eye: Caused by emotional stagnation and sudden anger injuring the Liver. Symptoms include dim vision, soreness and dryness, swollen but non-hard eyelids, or formation of cloudy nebulae with slight redness and excessive tearing. Suitable formulas include Ming Liu Qi Yin (Brightening and Qi-Flowing Drink), Jue Ming Zi San (Cassia Seed Powder), Chan Hua Wu Bi San (Toadflower Unparalleled Powder), Yun Qi San (Harmonizing Qi Powder), and San Hua Wu Zi Wan (Three Flowers and Five Seeds Pill).
White Membrane Obscuring Pupil: Cloud-like nebulae form on the surface of the eye and gradually invade the Water Wheel. This is due to heat-toxin qi from the Lung meridian attacking upwards without dispersing, condensing into clouds. Suitable formulas include Bo Yun San (Cloud-Dispelling Powder), Chan Hua San (Cicada Flower Powder), Fu Ming San (Restoring Vision Powder), Dang Gui Long Dan Tang (Angelica and Gentian Decoction), Bai Long San (White Dragon Powder), Mo Yi San (Grinding Nebula Powder), Ba Bao Dan (Eight Treasures Pellet), Ming Mu Di Huang Wan (Kidney-Nourishing Earth Pill for Bright Eyes), Bo Yun Ding Zi (Cloud-Dispelling Stick), and Zhen Zhu San (Pearl Powder).
Blood Flooding Pupil: Caused by accumulated heat in the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. Symptoms include blood vessels invading the eyeball, flooding upwards into the pupil, and swollen, red eyelids. Suitable formulas include Che Qian Zi San (Plantago Seed Powder), Xie Gan San (Draining Liver Powder), Tui Xue San (Retreating Blood Powder), Jia Wei Si Wu Tang (Modified Four Substances Decoction), Tang Pao San (Soup-Soaked Powder), and Bai Long San (White Dragon Powder).
Inverted Cilia (Entropion/Trichiasis): Caused by accumulated heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians. The eye margins are tight, skin contracts, and eyelashes grow inward piercing the eye, causing dull pain. Internal heat must be removed; once the eyelid relaxes, the lashes will naturally grow outward. Suitable formulas include Fang Feng Yin (Saposhnikovia Drink), Shi Yan San (Stone Swallow Powder), and Mi Ying Gao (Honey Response Ointment).
Pterygium (Flesh Climbing Cornea): Caused by hot blood coagulation and stagnation in the Spleen and Lung meridians. Symptoms include red flesh at the canthus invading the eyeball and nebulae forming in the eye. Suitable formulas include Huang Lian Long Dan Tang (Coptis and Gentian Decoction), Qing Liang Tui Chi San (Cooling and Redness-Reducing Powder), Hong Hua San (Safflower Powder), Huan Jing San (Returning Clarity Powder), Huang Lian Gao (Coptis Ointment), and Chun Xue Gao (Spring Snow Ointment).
Rooster Comb and Mussel Meat: Eyelid inversion with redness and swelling, all caused by Spleen deficiency with accumulated heat and blood stasis. It is treated similarly to Pterygium.
Rotting Margins Wind Eye: Caused by long-standing accumulation and stagnation of wind-heat in the Spleen. Symptoms include rotting eye margins, redness and itching at the canthi, dimness, dryness, and excessive tearing; worms may develop over time. Suitable formulas include Jin Lu San (Golden Dew Powder), Juan Lian San (Rolling Curtain Powder), and Lv Yun Gao (Green Cloud Ointment).
Internal Obstruction (Cataract): Caused by congealed brain fat, resulting from anger or severe grief damaging the Liver and Kidney. Symptoms include internal visual obstruction like fog, gradually affecting the pupil, without redness or swelling, and normal external appearance of the eye, but impaired pupillary function.
External Obstruction: Caused by accumulated heat in the Spleen and Lung, blood coagulation, qi stagnation, and blood stasis invading the eyeball. Symptoms include grittiness, pain, and excessive tearing. Suitable formulas include Tui Chi Bo Yun San (Redness-Reducing and Cloud-Dispelling Powder), Gu Jing San (Buckwheat Flower Powder), Mo Yi Gao (Grinding Nebula Ointment), and Ming Mu Di Huang Wan (Kidney-Nourishing Earth Pill for Bright Eyes).
Qing Mang (Blindness): Caused by fetal Liver exposure to wind-heat. Symptoms include dim vision at night and inability to see objects; if the eye turns blue after a long period, it is incurable. Suitable formulas include Xie Gan San (Draining Liver Powder) and Ju Shi San (Accumulated Solidity Powder).
Bird Eye (Night Blindness): At dusk, vision of the three lights becomes unclear as if obscured by an object, due to deficiency of the Liver and Kidney. Suitable formulas include Zhen Gan Wan (Settling Liver Pill), Yang Gan Wan (Sheep Liver Pill), and Tu Si Zi San (Dodder Seed Powder).
Vessels Piercing Pupil: Red vessels on the white sclera traverse through the pupil. This is due to heat congestion in the Heart and Lung, causing photophobia, grittiness, and pain. Suitable formulas include Sha Tang Jian (Rock Sugar Decoction) and Tui Chi San (Redness-Reducing Powder).
Eyelid Inversion with Redness and Swelling: Eyelids evert with redness and swelling, caused by wind-heat in the Spleen meridian leading to blood stasis. Suitable formulas include Qing Liang Tui Chi San (Cooling and Redness-Reducing Powder) and Bai Long San (White Dragon Powder).
Cold Tears Facing Wind: Continuous tearing during autumn and winter, caused by cold pathogenic qi affecting the Liver and Spleen meridians. Suitable formulas include Chu Shi Zi San (Eucommia Seed Powder), Sang Ye Jian (Mulberry Leaf Decoction), and Huai Pi Jian (Locust Bark Decoction).
Protruding Eye (Crab Eye): Name for eyes protruding beyond the orbit. Caused by long-term heat congestion in the Heart and Lung meridians, resulting in redness and swelling of the Blood Wheel and excessive tearing. Suitable formulas include Chun Xue Gao (Spring Snow Ointment), Huang Lian Gao (Coptis Ointment), and Dian Yan Gao Zi (Eye-Dotting Paste). In children, protruding eyes are also called Crab Eye; suitable formula is Huang Bo (Phellodendron) decoction taken slowly.
Dilated Pupil: Caused by excessive consumption of pungent and hot foods. Pungency aids fire, and fire pathogen ascends to the brain, scattering essence, causing blurred and enlarged vision. This is due to scant essence, blood deficiency, weak yin, and depleted water. Suitable formulas include Wu Wei Zi Tang (Schisandra Decoction), Shu Gan Di Huang Wan (Prepared Rehmannia Earth Pill), Ming Mu Yi Shen Wan (Bright-Eye and Kidney-Benefiting Pill), Cong Rong Wan (Cistanche Pill), and Qi Ling Wan (Cuscuta and Poria Pill).
Able to See Far but Not Near: Due to insufficient yang qi and excess yin qi. Qi deficiency with blood excess leads to flourishing yin-fire and declining yang qi. Suitable formula is Bu Yang Huo Xue Tang (Tonifying Yang and Invigorating Blood Decoction).
Able to See Near but Not Far: Due to excess yang qi and insufficient yin water. Blood deficiency with qi excess leads to flourishing yang qi and scant yin water. Suitable formulas include Di Zhi Wan (Cornus and Angelica Pill), Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill), and Ming Mu Yi Shen Wan (Bright-Eye and Kidney-Benefiting Pill).