治中风口噤不开（胃阳明之脉循颊车、入齿缝，风寒中之，轻则战栗鼓颔，重则口噤不
开。有中风而口开不噤者，筋先绝也，不治）。
乌梅。揩擦牙龈，涎出即开。
此足阳明、厥阴药也。酸先入筋，木能克土（酸属木，阳明胃属土），使牙关酸软则开
矣。
寒中于表宜汗，寒中于里宜温，盖人之一身，以阳气为主。经曰∶阳气者，若天与日，
失其所，则折寿而不彰。寒者，阴惨肃杀之气也，阴盛则阳衰，迨至阳竭阴绝则死矣。仲景
着书
之辛
其阴
（仲景）
治伤寒太阴病，自利不渴，寒多而呕，腹痛粪溏，脉沉无力；或厥冷拘急；或结胸、
吐蛔；及感寒霍乱（太阴、脾经也。腹满而吐，食不下，自利腹痛，为太阴病。自利渴者为
热，不渴者为寒，喜呕、腹痛、便溏，皆虚寒所致；寒彻于外；则手足厥冷拘急；寒凝于中，
则结胸、泄泻、吐蛔。霍乱者阴阳不和而挥霍撩乱，或吐或泻，亦有寒热二证，若阴寒所致
者，宜此汤。三阳传阴经而下利者，为邪热利；阴寒直中阴经而下利者，为寒利；外邪传里
而腹痛者，其痛不常；阴寒在内而腹痛者，痛无休止，时欲作利。大腹属太阴，少腹属少阴，
脐下属厥阴。亦有挟食积与痰者。三阳下利身热，太阴下利手足温，少阴、厥阴下利身冷，
其大较
白术（东壁土炒。二两） 人参 干姜（炮） 甘草（炙。一两。）每服四钱。自利腹
痛者，加木香；不痛利多者，倍白术；渴者，倍白术（白术益气燥湿，故能生津）；蜷卧沉
重，利不止，加附子（此兼少阴证；）腹满去甘草（甘冷人满）；呕吐去白术，加半夏、姜汁
（白术甘壅，姜夏散逆）；脐下动气，去术，加桂（白术补气，桂泄奔豚）；悸加茯苓（饮停
则悸，茯苓利水宁心）；阴黄加茵陈；寒结胸加枳实。本方等分，蜜丸，名理中丸（仲景曰∶
大病瘥后喜唾，久不了，胃中有寒，宜理
此足太阴药也。人参补气益脾，故为君；白术健脾燥湿，故以为臣；甘草和中补土，故
以为佐；干姜温胃散寒，故以为使。以脾土居中，故曰理中（王海藏曰∶上吐下泻不止，当
渴而反不渴，脉微细而弱者，理中汤主之。经又曰∶伤寒下之，利不止，医以理中与之，利
益甚；理中者，理中焦，此利在下焦，赤石脂禹余粮汤主之；复利不止者，当利其小便。宋
徽宗食冰太过，病脾疾，国医不效，召杨介，进大理中丸。上曰∶服之屡矣。介曰∶疾因食
冰，臣
本方三两，加附子一枚，名附子理中汤（亦可作丸。即四逆汽加参术）∶治中寒腹痛，
身痛，四肢拘急（渐伤曰伤，卒中曰中，有中脏、中腑、中经络皮肉筋脉之殊，治之当分微
甚∶微则不换金正气散加附子、附子五积散；甚者脐腹痛，四肢厥，附子理中汤，姜附汤；
入肝加木瓜，入肺加桑白皮，入脾加术，入心加茯苓）。本方加枳实、茯苓，蜜丸，名枳实
理中丸（崔行功）∶治寒实结胸欲绝，胸膈高起，手不可近，用大陷胸不瘥者崔曰∶此是下
后虚逆，气已不理，而毒复上攻，气毒相搏结于胸者，用此丸先理其气，次疗诸疾，用之如
神。渴者加花粉，自汗者加牡蛎。本方去甘草，加茯苓、川椒、乌梅，名理中安蛔丸（陶仲
文）∶治胃寒吐蛔（蛔得甘则动，故去甘草；得酸则止，得辛则伏，故加椒、梅）。本方加桂
枝，倍甘草，名桂枝人参汤（仲景）∶治太阳表证不除，而数下之，邪热而利，心下痞硬，
表里不解者（欲解表里之邪，全藉中气为敷布，故用理中以和里，而加桂枝以解表，不名理
中而名桂枝者，到底先表之意也。大抵阳热为邪，则腹痛而咽干；阴寒为邪，则腹满而吐利）。
本方加黄连、茯苓，名连理汤∶治伤暑湿而作泻（若外感盛暑，内伤生冷者，非此不可）。
本方加陈皮、茯苓，名补中汤∶治泄泻。泻不已者，加附子；恶食、食不化，加砂仁。本方
加当归、白芍、陈皮、浓朴、川椒，入姜煎，名温胃汤∶治忧思郁结，脾肺气凝，胀满上冲，
饮食不下。本方加黄 、白芍、陈皮、藿香，名黄 汤（海藏。亦出理中例法）。本方加青
皮、陈皮，名治中汤∶治前证腹满痞闷兼食
【乌梅擦牙关方】
治疗中风导致的牙关紧闭、口不能张开（足阳明胃经的经脉循行经过颊车穴，进入牙齿缝隙。风寒邪气侵袭，轻则导致战栗、鼓动下颌，重则导致牙关紧闭无法张开。也有中风后口张而不能闭合的情况，这是筋脉先已衰竭的表现，属于不治之症）。
使用乌梅，擦拭牙龈，待唾液流出后，牙关即可张开。
此方是作用于足阳明胃经和足厥阴肝经的药物。酸味先入筋脉，木能克土（酸味属木，足阳明胃经属土），使牙关因酸软而张开。
【理中汤】
寒邪侵袭体表应当用发汗法，寒邪侵袭体内应当用温里法，因为人的身体以阳气为主。《内经》说：阳气就像天空中的太阳，如果失去其正常位置和功能，就会折损寿命而不显赫。寒，是阴冷肃杀之气，阴气过盛则阳气衰微，等到阳气竭尽、阴气断绝就会死亡。张仲景撰写医书时……（原文此处有缺漏）
治疗伤寒太阴病，出现自发性腹泻且不口渴，寒气多且呕吐，腹痛大便稀溏，脉象沉而无力；或者四肢厥冷、拘挛急迫；或者结胸证、吐蛔虫；以及感受寒邪引起的霍乱（太阴病涉及脾经。腹部胀满且呕吐，饮食不下，自发性腹泻伴腹痛，称为太阴病。自发性腹泻且口渴的是热证，不口渴的是寒证，喜欢呕吐、腹痛、大便稀溏，都是虚寒所致；寒气彻于体外，则手足厥冷拘挛急迫；寒气凝结于体内，则出现结胸、泄泻、吐蛔。霍乱是由于阴阳不和而突然挥霍撩乱，或吐或泻，也有寒热两种证型，如果是阴寒所致者，适宜用此汤。三阳经传入阴经而下利的，属于邪热利；阴寒直接侵入阴经而下利的，属于寒利；外邪传入体内引起腹痛的，疼痛不持续；阴寒在体内引起腹痛的，疼痛无休止，时常想要排便。大腹部位属于太阴，少腹部位属于少阴，脐下部位属于厥阴。也有夹杂食积和痰湿的情况。三阳经下利伴有身热，太阴经下利手足温暖，少阴、厥阴经下利身冷，这是大概的情况）。
白术（在东壁土上炒。二两） 人参 干姜（炮制） 甘草（炙。一两）。每服四钱。自发性腹泻且腹痛的，加木香；不痛但腹泻多的，加倍使用白术；口渴的，加倍使用白术（白术益气燥湿，所以能生津液）；蜷缩卧倒、身体沉重、腹泻不止的，加附子（这是兼有少阴证）；腹部胀满的去掉甘草（甘味性冷，易致胀满）；呕吐的去掉白术，加半夏、姜汁（白术味甘壅滞，姜、夏能散逆气）；脐下有跳动感（动气）的，去掉白术，加桂枝（白术补气，桂枝能泄奔豚之气）；心悸的加茯苓（水饮停留则心悸，茯苓利水宁心）；阴黄加茵陈；寒性结胸加枳实。本方各药等分，制成蜜丸，名为理中丸（张仲景说：大病初愈后喜欢流口水，久久不好，是因为胃中有寒，适宜用理中丸……）。
此方是作用于足太阴脾经的药物。人参补气益脾，所以作为君药；白术健脾燥湿，所以作为臣药；甘草调和脾胃补益中土，所以作为佐药；干姜温胃散寒，所以作为使药。因为脾土位居中焦，所以叫理中（王海藏说：上吐下泻不止，应当口渴反而不渴，脉象微细而弱的，用理中汤主治。经文又说：伤寒误用下法，腹泻不止，医生用理中汤给予治疗，腹泻更严重；理中汤是调理中焦的，此腹泻在下焦，应用赤石脂禹余粮汤主治；再次腹泻不止的，应当通利小便。宋徽宗吃冰过多，患上脾疾，御医无效，召见杨介，进献大理中丸。皇上说：已经服用多次了。杨介说：疾病是因为吃冰引起的，臣……）。
本方三两，加附子一枚，名为附子理中汤（也可以做成丸剂。即四逆汤加入人参、白术）：治疗中寒引起的腹痛，身痛，四肢拘挛急迫（逐渐受伤称为伤，突然卒中称为中，有中脏、中腑、中经络皮肉筋脉的不同，治疗应当区分轻重：轻则用不换金正气散加附子、附子五积散；重则脐腹疼痛，四肢厥冷，用附子理中汤、姜附汤；病入肝加木瓜，入肺加桑白皮，入脾加白术，入心加茯苓）。本方加枳实、茯苓，制成蜜丸，名为枳实理中丸（崔行功）：治疗寒实结胸证极重，胸膈高高隆起，手不可触碰，使用大陷胸汤无效的。崔行功说：这是攻下之后正气虚弱逆乱，气机已不能调理，而毒邪又向上攻冲，气毒相互搏结于胸部的，用此丸先调理气机，其次治疗各种疾病，效果如神。口渴的加天花粉，自汗出的加牡蛎。本方去掉甘草，加茯苓、川椒、乌梅，名为理中安蛔丸（陶仲文）：治疗胃寒吐蛔虫（蛔虫遇到甘味则活动，所以去掉甘草；遇到酸味则停止，遇到辛味则伏藏，所以加花椒、乌梅）。本方加桂枝，加倍甘草，名为桂枝人参汤（张仲景）：治疗太阳表证未除，而多次误用下法，邪热导致下利，心下痞硬，表里同病不解的（想要解除表里之邪，全赖中气为敷布，所以用理中汤来调和里，而加桂枝来解表，不叫理中汤而叫桂枝汤的意思，是强调最终要先解表的原则。大抵阳热为邪，则腹痛而咽干；阴寒为邪，则腹满而吐利）。本方加黄连、茯苓，名为连理汤：治疗伤暑湿而导致的腹泻（如果外感盛暑，内伤生冷者，非此方不可）。本方加陈皮、茯苓，名为补中汤：治疗泄泻。腹泻不止的，加附子；厌恶食物、食物不消化的，加砂仁。本方加当归、白芍、陈皮、厚朴、川椒，加入生姜煎煮，名为温胃汤：治疗忧思郁结，脾肺气机凝滞，胀满上冲，饮食不下。本方加黄芪、白芍、陈皮、藿香，名为黄芪汤（王海藏。也出自理中汤的例法）。本方加青皮、陈皮，名为治中汤：治疗前述证候伴有腹部胀满痞闷兼有食积……
[Formula for Rubbing Teeth with Sour Plum to Open the Jaw]
Treats jaw lock (trismus) caused by wind-stroke (stroke). The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian passes through Jiache (ST6) and enters the teeth gaps. When invaded by Wind-Cold, mild cases present with trembling and jerking of the mandible, while severe cases present with jaw lock preventing mouth opening. There are also cases of wind-stroke where the mouth is open but cannot close; this indicates the tendons have already exhausted, which is untreatable.
Use *Semen Pruni Mume* (Wumei, 乌梅) to rub the gums. Once saliva flows out, the jaw will open.
This formula acts on the Foot-Yangming and Foot-Jueyin meridians. The sour flavor first enters the tendons; Wood overcomes Earth (sour belongs to Wood, the Yangming Stomach belongs to Earth), causing the jaw to become soft due to sourness and thus open.
[Lizhong Tang]
When Cold invades the exterior, sweating should be induced; when Cold invades the interior, warming should be applied. This is because the human body relies primarily on Yang Qi. The Classics state: "Yang Qi is like the sky and the sun; if it loses its proper function, lifespan is shortened and brilliance is lost." Cold is a Yin, chilling, and desolate energy. When Yin is excessive, Yang declines. When Yang is exhausted and Yin severed, death ensues. Zhang Zhongjing, in writing his medical books... [text missing]
Treats Taiyin disease from Cold Damage, presenting with spontaneous diarrhea without thirst, abundant cold, vomiting, abdominal pain, loose stools, and a deep, weak pulse; or cold limbs and tendon contracture; or chest binding (Jie Xiong) and vomiting roundworms; as well as cholera-like syndrome caused by Cold invasion. (Taiyin disease involves the Spleen meridian. Abdominal fullness with vomiting, inability to eat, spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal pain constitutes Taiyin disease. Spontaneous diarrhea with thirst indicates Heat; without thirst indicates Cold. Preference for vomiting, abdominal pain, and loose stools are all caused by deficiency-cold. When Cold penetrates to the exterior, hands and feet become cold and contracted; when Cold condenses in the interior, it leads to chest binding, diarrhea, and vomiting roundworms. Cholera is characterized by sudden turmoil due to disharmony between Yin and Yang, with either vomiting or diarrhea. There are both Cold and Heat patterns; if caused by Yin-Cold, this decoction is suitable. Diarrhea transmitted from the Three Yang meridians to the Yin meridians is Heat diarrhea; diarrhea directly struck by Yin-Cold into the Yin meridians is Cold diarrhea. Abdominal pain caused by external pathogens transmitting inward has intermittent pain; abdominal pain caused by internal Yin-Cold has unceasing pain, often urging defecation. The great abdomen belongs to Taiyin, the lower abdomen to Shaoyin, and the area below the navel to Jueyin. There are also cases complicated by food stagnation and phlegm. In diarrhea of the Three Yang meridians, there is fever; in Taiyin diarrhea, hands and feet are warm; in Shaoyin and Jueyin diarrhea, the body is cold. These are general principles.)
*Bai Zhu* (Fried on an east-facing wall earth. 2 liang), *Ren Shen*, *Gan Jiang* (Pao/processed), *Gan Cao* (Zhi/honey-fried. 1 liang). Take 4 qian per dose. For spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal pain, add *Mu Xiang*; for profuse diarrhea without pain, double the dosage of *Bai Zhu*; for thirst, double the dosage of *Bai Zhu* (*Bai Zhu* tonifies Qi and dries dampness, thereby generating fluids); for curling up in bed, heaviness, and unremitting diarrhea, add *Fu Zi* (indicating concurrent Shaoyin syndrome); for abdominal fullness, remove *Gan Cao* (sweet/cold nature causes fullness); for vomiting, remove *Bai Zhu*, add *Ban Xia* and ginger juice (*Bai Zhu* is sweet and cloying, while ginger and banxia disperse rebellious Qi); for palpitations/movement below the navel (Dong Qi), remove *Bai Zhu*, add *Gui Zhi* (*Bai Zhu* tonifies Qi, *Gui Zhi* drains Ben Tun/running piglet Qi); for palpitations, add *Fu Ling* (fluid retention causes palpitations, *Fu Ling* promotes urination and calms the heart); for Yin Jaundice, add *Yin Chen*; for Cold Chest Binding, add *Zhi Shi*. Equal parts of this formula made into honey pills are named Lizhong Wan. (Zhang Zhongjing said: After a major illness, frequent spitting that persists long is due to Cold in the stomach, treat with Lizhong Wan...)
This formula acts on the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian. *Ren Shen* tonifies Qi and benefits the Spleen, serving as the Sovereign drug; *Bai Zhu* strengthens the Spleen and dries dampness, serving as the Minister drug; *Gan Cao* harmonizes the middle and tonifies Earth, serving as the Assistant drug; *Gan Jiang* warms the Stomach and disperses Cold, serving as the Envoy drug. Since Spleen-Earth resides in the center, it is called Lizhong (Regulating the Middle). (Wang Haicang said: For incessant vomiting and diarrhea, where thirst is absent despite expectation, and the pulse is faint, fine, and weak, Lizhong Tang is indicated. The Classics also state: If purgatives are misused in Cold Damage leading to unremitting diarrhea, and the physician administers Lizhong Tang causing worsening diarrhea; Lizhong Tang regulates the Middle Jiao, but this diarrhea is in the Lower Jiao, treated with Chishi Zhi Yuyuliang Tang; if diarrhea persists, promote urination. Emperor Huizong of Song ate too much ice, developing a Spleen disorder. Imperial physicians were ineffective. He summoned Yang Jie, who administered Dali Lizhong Wan. The Emperor said: I have taken it many times. Jie said: The disease was caused by eating ice,臣...)
Three liang of this formula plus one *Fu Zi* is named Fuzi Lizhong Tang (can also be made into pills; i.e., Sini Tang added with Ren Shen and Bai Zhu): Treats Cold injury causing abdominal pain, body pain, and limb contracture. (Gradual injury is termed Shang; sudden strike is termed Zhong. There are distinctions among striking the Zang, Fu, collaterals, skin, flesh, sinews, and vessels. Treatment must distinguish severity: Mild cases use Buhuan Jin Zhengqi San added with Fuzi, or Fuzi Wuji San; Severe cases with umbilical/abdominal pain and cold limbs use Fuzi Lizhong Tang or Jiang Fu Tang. If invading the Liver, add Mugua; invading the Lung, add Sangbaipi; invading the Spleen, add Baizhu; invading the Heart, add Fuling). Adding *Zhi Shi* and *Fu Ling* to this formula, made into honey pills, is named Zhishi Lizhong Wan (Cui Xinggong): Treats severe Cold-Excess Chest Binding with high elevation of the chest/diaphragm, intolerable to touch, where Daxiexiong Tang failed. Cui said: This is deficiency and rebellion after purgation, Qi mechanism is unregulated, and toxin attacks upward. Qi and toxin bind in the chest. Use this pill to regulate Qi first, then treat other ailments. It works miraculously. Add Huafen for thirst, add Muli for spontaneous sweating. Removing *Gan Cao* from this formula and adding *Fu Ling*, *Chuanjiao*, and *Wumei* is named Lizhong Anhui Wan (Tao Zhongwen): Treats Cold-Stomach vomiting roundworms (Roundworms move with Sweet, so remove Gancao; they stop with Sour, so add Jiaomei; they subside with Pungent, so add Chuanjiao). Adding *Guizhi* and doubling *Gancao* to this formula is named Guizhi Renshen Tang (Zhang Zhongjing): Treats Sunyang exterior syndrome not resolved, followed by multiple purgations, leading to Heat-induced diarrhea, epigastric hardness/fullness, and unresolved exterior-interior complex. (To resolve exterior-interior pathogens, reliance is placed on Middle Qi for distribution. Thus, Lizhong Tang harmonizes the interior, while Guizhi resolves the exterior. It is named Guizhi rather than Lizhong to emphasize the principle of resolving the exterior first. Generally, Yang-Heat pathogen causes abdominal pain and dry throat; Yin-Cold pathogen causes abdominal fullness, vomiting, and diarrhea). Adding *Huanglian* and *Fu Ling* to this formula is named Lianli Tang: Treats diarrhea caused by Summerheat-Dampness injury (If externally affected by intense Summerheat and internally injured by raw/cold foods, this formula is indispensable). Adding *Chenpi* and *Fu Ling* to this formula is named Buzhong Tang: Treats diarrhea. For unremitting diarrhea, add Fuzi; for aversion to food and indigestion, add Sharen. Adding *Danggui*, *Baishao*, *Chenpi*, *Houpo*, and *Chuanjiao* to this formula, decocted with ginger, is named Wenwei Tang: Treats憂思郁结 (worry and thought stagnation), Qi stagnation in Spleen and Lung, distension rushing upward, and inability to eat. Adding *Huangqi*, *Baishao*, *Chenpi*, and *Huoxiang* to this formula is named Huangqi Tang (Haicang. Also derived from Lizhong principles). Adding *Qingpi* and *Chenpi* to this formula is named Zhizhong Tang: Treats the aforementioned syndromes with abdominal fullness, stifling sensation, and concurrent food stagnation...