（钱乙）
治肺虚有火，嗽无津液而气哽者（火盛则津枯，津枯则气哽。）
阿胶（蛤粉炒。两半） 马兜铃（焙） 甘草（炙） 牛蒡子（炒香。一两） 杏仁（去
皮尖。
此手太阴药也。马兜铃清热降火（兜铃象肺，故入肺），牛蒡子利膈滑痰（润肺解热，
故治火嗽），杏仁润燥散风，降气止咳，阿胶清肺滋肾，益血补阴。气顺则不哽，液补则津
生（阿胶补血液），火退而嗽宁矣。土为金母，故加甘草、粳米以益脾胃（李时珍曰∶补肺
阿胶散用马兜铃，非取其补肺，取其清热降气，而肺自安也。其中阿胶、糯米乃补肺之正药。
昂按∶清热降气
（见暑门）
（赵蕺庵）
治肺伤咽痛，喘嗽痰血（肺金受伤，则肾水之源绝；肾脉挟咽，虚火上炎，故咽痛；火
上
生地黄（二钱） 熟地黄（三钱） 麦冬（钱半） 百合 芍药（炒） 当归 贝母 生
甘草（
此手太阴、足少阴药也（肺肾为子母之脏，故补肺者，多兼滋肾）。金不生水，火炎水
干，故以二地助肾滋水退热为君；百合保肺安神，麦冬清热润燥，元参助二地以生水，贝母
散肺郁而除痰，归芍养血，兼以平肝（肝火盛则克金）。甘桔清金，成功上部（载诸药而上
浮），皆以甘寒培元清本，不欲以苦寒伤生发之气也（李士材曰∶蕺庵此方殊有卓见。然土
为金母，清金之后，亟宜顾母，否则金终不可足也。《医贯》曰∶咳嗽吐血，未必成瘵也，
服四物知柏之类不已，则瘵成矣；胸满膨胀，悒悒不快，未必成胀也，服山楂、神曲之类不
止，则胀成参；面目浮肿，小便秘涩，未必成水也，服渗利之药不止，则水成矣；气滞膈塞，
未必成噎也，服青
（钱乙）
治疗肺虚且有内火，咳嗽无津液且气机窒塞的症状（火势旺盛则津液枯竭，津液枯竭则气机窒塞）。
阿胶（用蛤粉炒。半两） 马兜铃（焙干） 甘草（炙烤） 牛蒡子（炒香。一两） 杏仁（去皮尖。
这是手太阴肺经的药物。马兜铃清热降火（兜铃形状像肺，所以入肺经），牛蒡子利膈滑痰（润肺解热，所以治疗火邪引起的咳嗽），杏仁润燥散风，降气止咳，阿胶清肺滋肾，益血补阴。气机顺畅则不窒塞，津液补充则津液生成（阿胶能补血液），火退而咳嗽安宁。土是金的母亲，所以加入甘草、粳米以补益脾胃（李时珍说：补肺阿胶散使用马兜铃，不是取它补肺的作用，而是取它清热降气的作用，这样肺自然安宁。其中的阿胶、糯米才是补肺的正药。汪昂按语：清热降气
（见暑病门）
（赵蕺庵）
治疗肺伤导致的咽痛，气喘咳嗽痰中带血（肺金受伤，则肾水之源断绝；肾脉挟持咽喉，虚火上炎，所以咽痛；火在上
生地黄（二钱） 熟地黄（三钱） 麦冬（一钱半） 百合 芍药（炒） 当归 贝母 生甘草（
这是手太阴肺经和足少阴肾经的药物（肺肾是子母关系，所以补肺的方剂，多兼有滋肾的作用）。金不生水，火炎水干，所以用二地（生地黄、熟地黄）帮助肾脏滋水退热作为君药；百合保肺安神，麦冬清热润燥，玄参辅助二地来生水，贝母疏散肺郁并消除痰浊，当归、芍药养血，兼以平肝（肝火旺盛则会克制肺金）。甘草、桔梗清金，引导诸药上浮至上部（使药物作用趋向于上部），都是用甘寒之品培补元气、清除本源之火，不想用苦寒之药损伤生发之气（李士材说：赵蕺庵的这个方子很有卓见。然而土是金的母亲，在清金之后，急切应当顾护母脏，否则肺气终究无法充足。《医贯》说：咳嗽吐血，未必发展成痨瘵，如果服用四物汤、知柏地黄丸之类不止，就会形成痨瘵；胸满膨胀，心情抑郁不快，未必发展成胀满，如果服用山楂、神曲之类不止，就会形成胀满；面目浮肿，小便秘涩，未必发展成水肿，如果服用渗利之药不止，就会形成水肿；气滞膈塞，未必发展成噎膈，如果服用青皮、陈皮等理气药不止，就会形成噎膈……）
(Qian Yi)
Treats deficiency of the Lung with internal heat, characterized by coughing without body fluids and qi obstruction (excessive fire leads to dryness of fluids; dryness of fluids leads to qi obstruction).
Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla, stir-fried with Arsenici Trioxidum powder. Half tael) Aristolochiae Fructus (Roasted) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Honey-fried) Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Stir-fried until fragrant. One tael) Armeniacae Semen (Skin and tip removed.)
This is a formula for the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Aristolochiae Fructus clears heat and descends fire (its shape resembles the lung, thus entering the Lung); Armeniacae Semen Amarum benefits the diaphragm and lubricates phlegm (moistens the Lung and resolves heat, thus treating cough due to fire); Armeniacae Semen Amarum moistens dryness and disperses wind, descends qi and stops cough; Ejiao clears the Lung and nourishes the Kidney, benefits blood and tonifies yin. When qi flows smoothly, there is no obstruction; when fluids are replenished, body fluids are generated (Ejiao tonifies blood); when fire recedes, coughing calms down. Earth is the mother of Metal, so Gancao (Licorice) and Jingmi (Glutinous Rice) are added to benefit the Spleen and Stomach (Li Shizhen said: In Bufe Ejiao San, Aristolochiae Fructus is used not for its Lung-tonifying property, but for its ability to clear heat and descend qi, thereby calming the Lung naturally. Among them, Ejiao and Glutinous Rice are the true Lung-tonifying herbs. Wang Ang's note: Clearing heat and descending qi...
(See Section on Summerheat)
(Zhao Jie'an)
Treats Lung injury causing sore throat, wheezing, coughing, and hemoptysis (when Metal [Lung] is injured, the source of Water [Kidney] is cut off; the Kidney meridian runs along the throat, and deficient fire flares upward, causing sore throat; fire above...
Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, Two qian) Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Three qian) Ophiopogonis Radix (One and a half qian) Liliis Bulbus Paeoniae Radix Alba (Stir-fried) Angelicae Sinensis Radix Fritillariae Bulbus Shenggancao (Raw Licorice Root)
This is a formula for the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian (The Lung and Kidney have a mother-son relationship, so formulas that tonify the Lung often also nourish the Kidney). Since Metal does not generate Water, and fire flares while water dries up, Er Di (Shengdihuang and Shudihuang) are used as the Sovereign herb to assist the Kidney in nourishing water and retreating heat; Liliis Bulbus protects the Lung and calms the spirit, Ophiopogonis Radix clears heat and moistens dryness, Scrophulariae Radix assists Er Di in generating water, Fritillariae Bulbus disperses Lung stagnation and eliminates phlegm, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) nourish blood and pacify the Liver (excessive Liver fire will overact on Metal). Gancao (Licorice) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) clear Metal and guide the action to the upper part (carrying the herbs upward), all using sweet and cold properties to cultivate primal qi and clear the root, avoiding bitter-cold herbs that would damage the vitalizing qi (Li Shicai said: Zhao Jie'an's prescription shows remarkable insight. However, Earth is the mother of Metal; after clearing Metal, it is urgent to protect the mother organ, otherwise Lung Qi will never be sufficient. *Yi Guan* states: Coughing and hemoptysis do not necessarily develop into consumption; if one continues taking Siwu Tang or Zhibai Dihuang Wan indefinitely, consumption may result; chest fullness and distension, accompanied by depression and discomfort, do not necessarily develop into abdominal distension; if one continues taking Hawthorn and Medicated Leaven indefinitely, distension may result; facial edema and scanty, difficult urination do not necessarily develop into edema; if one continues taking diuretic herbs indefinitely, edema may result; qi stagnation and chest oppression do not necessarily develop into dysphagia; if one continues taking Qingpi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus)...